A5052602459- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Machine Learning in Bioinformatics
- Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Ultrasound and Hyperthermia Applications
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Effects of Radiation Exposure
The Pirbright Institute
2017-2023
National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases
2015-2021
Indian Veterinary Research Institute
2013-2019
Indian Council of Agricultural Research
2015
University of Pennsylvania
1986
Philadelphia University
1986
Abstract There is need for effective and affordable vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 to tackle the ongoing pandemic. In this study, we describe a protein nanoparticle vaccine SARS-CoV-2. The based on display of coronavirus spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RBD) synthetic virus-like particle (VLP) platform, SpyCatcher003-mi3, using SpyTag/SpyCatcher technology. Low doses RBD-SpyVLP in prime-boost regimen induce strong neutralising antibody response mice pigs that superior convalescent...
SARS Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late 2019, leading to the Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that continues cause significant global mortality human populations. Given its sequence similarity SARS-CoV, as well related coronaviruses circulating bats, SARS-CoV-2 is thought have originated Chiroptera species China. However, whether virus spread directly humans or through an intermediate host currently unclear, potential for this infect companion animals, livestock, and wildlife could...
Abstract Clinical development of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, a replication-deficient simian adenoviral vector expressing full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein was initiated in April 2020 following non-human primate studies using single immunisation. Here, we compared immunogenicity one or two doses nCoV-19 both mice and pigs. Whilst dose induced antigen-specific antibody T cells responses, booster immunisation enhanced particularly pigs, with significant increase...
An H7N9 low-pathogenicity avian influenza virus (LPAIV) emerged in 2013 through genetic reassortment between H9N2 and other LPAIVs circulating birds China. This causes inapparent clinical disease chickens, but zoonotic transmission results severe fatal humans. To examine a natural scenario G1 lineage viruses predominant the Indian subcontinent, we performed an experimental coinfection of chickens with A/Anhui/1/2013/H7N9 (Anhui/13) A/Chicken/Pakistan/UDL-01/2008/H9N2 (UDL/08) virus. Plaque...
Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah (NiV) are among a group of emerging bat-borne paramyxoviruses that have crossed their species-barrier several times by infecting hosts with high fatality rate in human beings. Despite the fatal nature infection, comprehensive study to explore evolution adaptation different is lacking. A codon usage patterns henipaviruses may provide some fruitful insight into evolutionary processes synonymous host-adapted evolution. Here, we performed systematic bias analysis...
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019, leading to the COVID-19 pandemic that continues cause significant global mortality human populations. Given its sequence similarity SARS-CoV, as well related coronaviruses circulating bats, is thought have originated Chiroptera species China. However, whether virus spread directly humans or through an intermediate host currently unclear, potential for this infect companion animals, livestock and wildlife could act viral reservoirs. Using a...
ABSTRACT There is dire need for an effective and affordable vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 to tackle the ongoing pandemic. In this study, we describe a modular virus-like particle candidate displaying spike glycoprotein receptor-binding domain (RBD) using SpyTag/SpyCatcher technology (RBD-SpyVLP). Low doses of RBD-SpyVLP in prime-boost regimen induced strong neutralising antibody response mice pigs that was superior convalescent human sera. We evaluated quality ACE2 blocking neutralisation cell...
H7N9 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) continue to evolve and remain a huge threat human health the poultry industry. Previously, serially passaging A/Anhui/1/2013 virus in presence of homologous ferret antiserum resulted immune escape containing amino acid substitutions alanine threonine at residues 125 (A125T) 151 (A151T) leucine glutamine residue 217 (L217Q) hemagglutinin (HA) protein. These HA mutations have also been found field isolates 2019. To investigate potential serum mutant humans...
One of the major causes death in highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infection chickens is acute induction pro-inflammatory cytokines (cytokine storm), which leads to severe pathology and mortality. DCs respiratory tract macrophages are antigen presenting cells that exposed mucosal pathogens. We hypothesized chicken a target for cytokine dysregulation by H5N1 HPAIV. It was found peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic (chMoDCs) with HPAIV produces high titers progeny more...
Duck-targeted vaccines to protect against avian influenza are critically needed aid in disease control efforts regions where ducks endemic for highly pathogenic (HPAI). Duck enteritis virus (DEV) is a promising candidate viral vector development of targeting ducks, owing its large genome and narrow host range. The clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system versatile gene-editing tool that has proven beneficial gene modification construction recombinant DNA...
Since the first human case in 2013, H7N9 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have caused more than 1500 infections with a mortality rate of approximately 40%. Despite large-scale poultry vaccination regimes across China, AIVs continue to persist and evolve rapidly poultry. Recently, several strains been isolated shown ability escape vaccine-induced immunity. To assess zoonotic risk recent AIV isolates, we rescued hemagglutinin (HA) neuraminidase (NA) from these six internal segments PR8 virus...
The glycoproteins responsible for calcium-dependent oligodendrocyte aggregation were purified and characterized. Using detergent extraction, lentil-lectin-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography, preparative gel electrophoresis, 3 proteins to apparent homogeneity, with relative Mrs of 120,000, 140,000, 180,000. assay showed that all had the ability block antibody-mediated inhibition aggregation. 120,000 protein was most active three. Antisera raised in rabbits these individual proteins. Western...
Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are highly contagious and have caused huge economical loss to the poultry industry. AIV vaccines remain one of most effective methods controlling this disease. Turkey herpesvirus (HVT) is a commonly used live attenuated vaccine against Marek's disease; it has also been as viral vector for recombinant development. The clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system gene editing tool which, in vaccinology, facilitated development DNA...
H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have donated internal gene segments during the emergence of zoonotic AIVs, including H7N9. We used reverse genetics to generate A/Anhui/1/13 (H7N9) and three reassortant (2:6 H7N9) which contained hemagglutinin neuraminidase from Anhui/13 six AIVs belonging (i) G1 subgroup 2, (ii) 3, or (iii) BJ94 lineages, enzootic in different regions throughout Asia. Infection chickens with 2:6 H7N9 containing G1-like genes conferred attenuation vivo, reduced shedding...
Abstract Background Reverse genetics is used in many laboratories around the world and enables creation of tailor-made influenza viruses with a desired genotype or phenotype. However, process not flawless, difficulties remain during cloning gene segments into reverse vectors (pHW2000, pHH21, pCAGGS). begins making cDNA copies them bi-directional (pHW2000) uni-directional plasmids (pHH21, pCAGGS) followed by transfection recombinant plasmid(s) to HEK-293 T any other suitable cells which are...
Passive immunisation with neutralising antibodies can be a potent therapeutic strategy if used pre- or post-exposure to variety of pathogens. Herein, we investigated whether recombinant monoclonal (mAbs) could protect chickens against avian influenza. Avian influenza viruses impose significant economic burden on the poultry industry and pose zoonotic infection risk for public health worldwide. Traditional control measures including vaccination do not provide rapid protection from disease,...
Influenza viruses have an error-prone polymerase complex that facilitates a mutagenic environment. Antigenic mutants swiftly arise from this environment with the capacity to persist in both humans and economically important livestock even face of vaccination. Furthermore, influenza can adjust antigenicity haemagglutinin (HA) protein, primary immunogen, using one four molecular mechanisms. Two prominent mechanisms are: (1) enhancing binding avidity HA toward cellular receptors outcompete...
Since 2013, H7N9 avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have caused more than 1,500 human infections and the culling of millions poultry. Despite large-scale poultry vaccination, AIVs continue to circulate among in China pose a threat health. Previously, we isolated generated four monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) derived from humans naturally infected with AIV. Here, investigated hemagglutinin (HA) epitopes AIV targeted by these mAbs (L3A-44, K9B-122, L4A-14, L4B-18) using immune escape studies. Our...
Abstract Clinical development of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, a replication-deficient simian adenoviral vector expressing full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein was initiated in April 2020 following non-human primate studies using single immunisation. Here, we compared immunogenicity one or two doses nCoV-19 both mice and pigs. Whilst dose induced antigen-specific antibody T cells responses, booster immunisation enhanced particularly pigs, with significant increase...