A5012150505- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Photonic and Optical Devices
- Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- 3D IC and TSV technologies
- Advanced Photonic Communication Systems
- Optical Network Technologies
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Nanofabrication and Lithography Techniques
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Dust and Plasma Wave Phenomena
- Microwave Engineering and Waveguides
- Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression
- Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics
- Fusion materials and technologies
- Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Superconducting Materials and Applications
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Advanced Fiber Laser Technologies
- Antenna Design and Analysis
- Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies
- Wireless Communication Networks Research
- Innovative Energy Harvesting Technologies
Southwestern Institute of Physics
2010-2025
Chinese Academy of Sciences
2016-2025
Institute of Microelectronics
2016-2025
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
2016-2024
Central China Normal University
2024
National Center for Advanced Packaging (China)
2014-2019
Institute of Plasma Physics
2018
IBM (United States)
2014
Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
2011
Culham Science Centre
2011
Due to the rise of 5G, IoT, AI, and high-performance computing applications, datacenter traffic has grown at a compound annual growth rate nearly 30%. Furthermore, three-fourths resides within datacenters. The conventional pluggable optics increases much slower than that traffic. gap between application requirements capability keeps increasing, trend is unsustainable. Co-packaged (CPO) disruptive approach increasing interconnecting bandwidth density energy efficiency by dramatically...
Abstract This study explores the application of cold plate liquid cooling technology in co-packaged optics (CPO). By integrating optical modules and switch chip on same substrate, CPO shortens electrical interconnection distance, effectively solving problems high power consumption poor signal integrity traditional pluggable under bandwidth. However, surge density thermal crosstalk resulting from integration make management one key challenges that constrain reliability high-capacity optics....
The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instability in the HL-2A tokamak has been comprehensively studied, including ideal MHD ballooning and kink modes, as well operational $\ensuremath{\beta}$ limit imposed jointly by them. It shows an internal mode appearing plasma with parabolic pressure current density profiles exhibited case a higher ($\ensuremath{\beta}$ is ratio of thermal to magnetic pressures). joint effects safety factor $\ensuremath{\beta}$, structural features various $n$ (toroidal...
The trapped electron modes (TEMs) are numerically investigated in toroidal magnetized hydrogen, deuterium and tritium plasmas, taking into account the effects of impurity ions such as carbon, oxygen, helium, tungsten others with positive negative density gradients rigorous integral eigenmode equation. on TEMs detail. It is shown that have substantially-destabilizing (stabilizing) isotope plasmas for (), opposite to case ion temperature gradient (ITG) driven modes. Detailed analyses mass...
The toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE), excited by trapped energetic particles (EPs), is numerically investigated in a tokamak plasma, using the non-perturbative magnetohydrodynamic-kinetic hybrid formulation based MARS-K code (Liu et al 2008 Phys. Plasmas 15 112503). Compared with fixed boundary condition at plasma edge, free enhances critical value of EPs kinetic contribution for driving TAE. Free also induces finite perturbations edge as expected. An anisotropic distribution EPs, particle...
We report an experimental result on the stabilization of energetic–ion driven internal kink mode (ion fishbone) by electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH), observed for first time in a toroidal plasma. The asserts itself resistive branch close to marginal stability point. resulting fishbone depends not only injected power but also radial deposition location ECRH, and instability can be completely suppressed when ECRH exceeds certain threshold. Analysis dispersion relation, including...
The linear behaviors of the double tearing mode (DTM) mediated by parallel electron viscosity in cylindrical plasmas with reversed magnetic shear and thus two resonant rational flux surfaces is numerically investigated. distance between found to play an important role for modes poloidal number m>1. Two modes, one which centered at inner surface other located surfaces, are simultaneously unstable growth rates show standard single (STM) scaling as γ∝R−1/3 when large (here, Reynolds...
Electromagnetic effects of the kinetic geodesic acoustic modes (KGAMs) are numerically studied in low β(= plasma pressure/magnetic pressure) tokamak plasmas. The parallel component perturbed vector potential is considered along with electrostatic perturbation. finite Larmor radius and orbit width ions as well electron dynamics all taken into account. Systematic harmonic ordering analysis performed for collisionless damping KGAMs, assuming β~(κρi)2, where κand ρiare radial KGAM wave ions,...
A theoretical model for investigating the effect of trapped energetic particles (EPs) on resistive wall mode (RWM) instability is proposed. The results demonstrate that EPs have a dramatic stabilizing RWM because resonant interaction between and magnetic precession drift motion EPs. also show depends position. In addition, becomes stronger when plasma rotation taken into account. For sufficiently fast rotation, can lead to complete stabilization RWM. Furthermore, induce finite real frequency...
Abstract Rodents are important seed dispersers of plants because they move seeds far away from the parent trees and hoard in soil, benefiting dispersal regeneration. Traits plant animals associated with rodent‐mediated dispersal, but animal personality, consistent individual behavioral differences time environments, has not been fully considered. Here, we first measured personality 26 Niviventer confucianus laboratory, 10 individuals field one population, then tested their behavior...
The three-dimensional characteristics of the geodesic acoustic mode zonal flows (GAMZFs) and ambient turbulence (AT) at edge HuanLiuqi-2A tokamak [Y. Liu et al., Nucl. Fusion 45, S203 (2005)] are investigated with Langmuir probe arrays results presented in detail. toroidal poloidal symmetries, radial scale GAMZFs simultaneously identified. envelopes high frequency components AT presence analyzed. GAM (GAMFCs) coherent also shown to have similar scales as GAMZF does. correlation between...
The toroidal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code MARS-F (Liu et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 3681) is applied to numerically investigate multiple MHD instabilities in high-βN (βN the beta normalized) plasmas with reversed magnetic shear, and different radial separations between two q = 2 rational surfaces. A resistive wall also taken into account. In small regime, it found that a finite βN leads branches of double tearing mode (DTM). normalized has stabilizing effect on most unstable branch. There...
Abstract Externally applied resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs), generated by coils located outside the plasma (referred to as RMP coils), provide an effective way control edge localized mode (ELM) in tokamak devices. Due discrete nature of toroidal distribution these window-frame coils, sidebands always exist together with fundamental harmonics designed for ELM control. In this work, MARS-F code (Liu et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 3681) is investigate detailed features spectra considering...
Fishbone instabilities, driven by trapped and barely passing energetic particles (EPs), including electrons ions (EEs or EIs), are numerically studied with the spatial distribution of EPs taken into account. The dispersion relations modes derived for slowing-down Maxwellian models EP energy distribution. It is found that frequency comparable to toroidal precession ω d resonantly excited. Electron ion fishbone share same growth rates real frequencies but rotate in opposite directions. be...
Kinetic effects of both trapped thermal and energetic particles on the resistive wall mode (RWM) fishbone-like (FLM) are investigated in theory. Here, include ions electrons. The FLM is driven by particles. results demonstrate that particle collisions can either stabilize or destabilize RWM, depending pressure βh. Furthermore, critical value βh for triggering increased when contribution taken into account. sensitively depends plasma collision frequency. In addition, inertia found to have a...
Recently, the interconnection bandwidth of data center is rapidly increasing. To satisfy requirement for high-performance center, a 4-channel 2.5D silicon photonic transmitter proposed and packaging structure could increase high-density scalability architecture 1.6T/3.2T co-packaging optics (CPO) module. The electrical driver Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) are mounted to interposer by micro-bumps. Meanwhile, low temperature co-fired ceramic solder balls. assembled motherboard high-speed ball...
Recently, lumped Mach-Zehnder Modulators (MZMs) have received renewed attention due to their potential for low power consumption and compact size. However, the practicality of MZMs with conventional electrodes (C−LEs) is limited by lower electro−optical (EO) bandwidth. The reduction in EO bandwidth results from inherent trade−off between half−wave voltage length product (VπL) within C−LE architecture. This paper proposes a thin−film lithium niobate (TFLN)−based MZM capacitively−loaded...
Effects of electron dynamics on kinetic geodesic acoustic modes are numerically studied in tokamak plasmas. The finite Larmor radius and orbit width the ions all taken into account. Systematic harmonic ordering analysis is performed limit (kρi)2 1 with k ρi being radial wave vector ion radius, respectively, for collisionless damping modes. It found that effects parallel negligible when safety factor q ≤ 2.0 whereas enhanced significantly ≥ 3.0 which almost experimental studies residual rate...
3D integration photonic interposer is becoming popular in the field of co-packaging optics (CPO). In this paper, we integrate edge coupler and through silicon via (TSV) into interposer. Different high-frequency transmission lines are designed, analyzed simulated. The measured results simulation have a good correspondence. high frequency lines, which consist 10 μm × 100 TSVs two redistribution layer (RDL) on top one RDL line bottom layer, shows perfect insertion loss less than 0.35 dB @67...
Abstract The divertor biasing technique offers a promising alternative to control the edge localized mode (ELM) as well heat load in tokamaks, compared resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) generated by coils. linear resistive MHD code MARS-F (Liu et al 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 3681) is employed study plasma response n = 2 ( toroidal number) field HL-2A, produced current filaments flowing scrape-off layer region. due currents with RMP utilized for ELM HL-2A. strength of radial perturbation, 100 A...
The internal kink (fishbone) modes, driven by barely passing energetic ions (EIs), are numerically studied with the spatial distribution of EIs taking into account. It is found that modes frequencies comparable to toroidal precession excited resonant interaction EIs. Positive and negative density gradient dominating cases, corresponding off- near-axis depositions neutral beam injection (NBI), respectively, analyzed in detail. most interesting important feature there exists a second stable...