An optical equivalent of the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is great interest to large-scale photonic integrated circuits. Previous programmable devices relying on weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effect usually suffer from a large footprint and high energy consumption. Phase change materials (PCMs) offer promising solution due nonvolatile in refractive index upon phase transition. However, loss PCMs poses serious problem. Here, by exploiting an asymmetric directional...

Reconfiguration of silicon photonic integrated circuits relying on the weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effect usually suffers from a large footprint and energy consumption. Here, integrating phase-change material, Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) with microring resonators, we demonstrate an energy-efficient, compact, non-volatile, reprogrammable platform. By adjusting number free-space laser pulses applied to GST, characterize strong broadband attenuation optical phase modulation effects...

Reconfigurability of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) has become increasingly important due to the growing demands for electronic-photonic systems on a chip driven by emerging applications, including neuromorphic computing, quantum information, and microwave photonics. Success in these fields usually requires highly scalable switching units as essential building blocks. Current switches, however, mainly rely materials with weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic modulation effects,...

An ultracompact and low-loss TM-pass polarizer on silicon is proposed demonstrated experimentally with a subwavelength-grating (SWG) waveguide. The SWG waveguide designed to support Bloch mode for TM polarization so that the incident TM-polarized light goes through very low excess loss. On other hand, TE polarization, works as Bragg reflector, consequently TE-polarized reflected. For fabricated ∼9 μm long (with period number N=20), measured extinction ratio ∼27 dB loss ∼0.5 at central...

In this work, the authors proposed a thin artificial structure that could give rise to strong reduction of both radar wave reflection and infrared thermal emission. This is realized by subtle combination two specifically designed metasurface layers control emission microwave absorption, respectively. Our measurement shows fabricated sample have wideband absorption from 3–8 GHz with attenuation efficiency larger than 90% up incident angles 30°. atmosphere window, it gives very low value about...

Progress in integrated nanophotonics has enabled large-scale programmable photonic circuits (PICs) for general-purpose electronic-photonic systems on a chip. Relying the weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effects, such usually exhibit limited reconfigurability along with high energy consumption and large footprints. These challenges can be addressed by resorting to chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) as Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) that provide substantial optical contrast self-holding...

Programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have recently gained significant interest because of their potential in creating next-generation technologies ranging from artificial neural networks and microwave photonics to quantum information processing. The fundamental building block such programmable PICs is a 2 × unit, traditionally controlled by the thermo-optic or free-carrier dispersion. However, these implementations are power-hungry volatile large footprint (typically >100 μm)....

We propose an electrically driven electro-optical modulator integrated with the phase-change material Ge <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> Sb Te xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> (GST). This incorporates a hybrid Si-GST-Cu waveguide input and output Si waveguides. For active segment of 0.2 μm <sup xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , switched phase is stable off/on extinction ratios >5.4 dB...

We present the design, fabrication, and characterization of a multi-slot photonic crystal (PhC) cavity sensor on silicon-on-insulator platform. By optimizing structure PhC cavity, most light can be distributed in lower index region; thus, sensitivity dramatically improved. exposing cavities to different mass concentrations NaCl solutions, we obtained that wavelength shift per refractive unit (RIU) for is 586 nm/RIU, which one highest sensitivities achieved non-suspended cavity. Furthermore,...

We report a broadband supercontinuum (SC) generation in chalcogenide (ChG) step-index tapered fibers pumped the normal dispersion regime. The consisting of As2S3 core and As38S62 cladding glasses were fabricated using isolated stacked extrusion method. A homemade tapering platform allows us to accurately control diameters transition region lengths fibers. An SC spanning from 1.4 7.2 μm was achieved by pumping 12-cm-long fiber with femtosecond laser pulses at 3.25 μm. To best our knowledge,...

In this article, the chalcogenide slot waveguide is theoretically studied, and highest power confinement factors of region cladding are obtained to be 36.3% 56.7%, respectively. A high-sensitivity microring resonator sensor designed fabricated by electron-beam lithography dry etching. The structure increases sensitivity compared with conventional evanescent field sensor. cavity has achieved a quality factor 1 × 104 fitting resonant peaks Lorentzian profile, one reported for resonators....

We present the design, fabrication, and characterization of high-Q slotted 1D photonic crystal (PhC) cavities with parabolic-width stack. Their peculiar geometry enables location resonating mode close to air-band. The majority optical field distributes in low-index area light matter interaction analytes has been enhanced. Cavities measured Q-factors ~10(4) have demonstrated. refractive index sensing measurement for NaCl solutions different concentrations shows a sensitivity around 410. Both...

On-chip nonvolatile photonic switches enabled by phase change materials (PCMs) are promising building blocks for power-efficient programmable integrated circuits. However, large absorption loss in conventional PCMs (such as Ge2Sb2Te5) interacting with weak evanescent waves silicon waveguides usually leads to high insertion and a device footprint. In this paper, we propose 2×2 switch based on two-mode interference multimode slot waveguide (MSW) ultralow Sb2S3 inside the region. The MSW...

The programmable photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is an enabling technology behind optical interconnects and quantum information processing. Conventionally, the programmability of PICs driven by thermo-optic effect, free carrier dispersion, or mechanical tuning. These effects afford either high speed a large extinction ratio, but all require constant power bias to maintain states, which undesirable for with infrequent switching. Recent progress in based on nonvolatile phase-change materials...

We propose a nanogap-enhanced phase-change waveguide with silicon PIN heaters. Thanks to the enhanced light-matter interaction in nanogap, proposed structure exhibits strong attenuation (Δ α = ∼35 dB/µm) and optical phase n eff ∼1.2) modulation at λ 1550 nm when achieving complete transitions. further investigate two active devices based on waveguide, including an electro-absorption modulator 1 × 2 directional-coupler switch. Finite-difference time-domain simulation of shows high extinction...

We propose a non-volatile 2 × photonic switch based on multimode interference in an Sb

We design and fabricate an on-substrate bowtie photonic crystal (PhC) cavity in silicon. By optimizing the shapes unit cells of PhC cavity, maximum electric field can be highly confined tips. Due to such confinement, ultra-low mode volume ∼0.1(λ/nSi)3 is achieved, which more than order magnitude smaller previous nanobeam cavities. An ultra-high quality (Q) factor as large 106 predicted by simulation, up 1.4×104 measured experiment. The observation pronounced thermo-optic bistability...

Colloidal quantum dots have garnered active research interest as emitters due to their robust synthesis process and straightforward integration with nanophotonic platforms. However, obtaining indistinguishable photons from the colloidal at room temperature is fundamentally challenging because they suffer an extremely large dephasing rate. Here we propose experimentally feasible method of single incoherently pumped solution-processed dot coupled a system nanocavities. We show that by coupling...

We propose and experimentally demonstrate an ultra-compact, low-loss polarization-independent directional coupler on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. By exploiting subwavelength gratings in coupler, coupling strength could be made equal for both transverse-electric transverse-magnetic polarizations. The demonstrated has a device length of only 4.5 μm achieves complete cross-coupling with low excess loss <;1 dB over bandwidth ~65 nm. reported devices also robust fabrication tolerance.