Abstract Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating disease characterized by muscle wasting, loss of mobility and early death in youth. Satellite cells are muscle-resident stem responsible for the repair regeneration damaged muscles. One pathological feature DMD progressive depletion satellite cells, leading to failure repair. Here we attempted explore molecular mechanisms underlying cell ablation Dystrophin mutant MDX mouse, well-established model DMD. Initial degeneration activates...

Current brain-based visual prostheses pose significant challenges impeding adoption such as the necessarily complex surgeries and occurrence of more substantial side effects due to sensitivity brain. This has led much effort toward vision restoration being focused on approachable part brain - retina. Here we introduce a novel, parameterized simulation platform that enables study human retinal degeneration optimization stimulation strategies. The bears immense potential for patient-specific...

In the field of multi-organ 3D medical image segmentation, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are limited to extracting local feature information, while Transformer-based architectures suffer from high computational complexity and inadequate extraction spatial channel layer information. Moreover, large number varying sizes organs be segmented result in suboptimal model robustness segmentation outcomes. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a novel network architecture,...

Regeneration of skeletal muscles is limited in cases volumetric muscle loss and degenerative diseases. Therefore, there a critical need for developing strategies that provide cellular structural support regeneration. In the present work, bioengineered cell niche composed mechanically competent aligned polyester fiber scaffolds developed to mimic oriented microenvironment by electrospinning poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) using custom designed rotating collector with interspaced parallel...

Metformin and liraglutide are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although these drugs can alter intestinal microbiome, clinical data required to explore their mechanisms action. Using 16S sequencing technology, we analyzed compared bacterial community structure function between patients before after (12 weeks) two (metformin or liraglutide, n = 15) healthy controls (n 15). Moreover, combined 19 indices,...

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of extracellular proteases involved in tissue remodeling several physiological and pathophysiological conditions. While increased expression MMPs (especially MMP-9) has been observed skeletal muscle numerous conditions, their significance remains less-well understood. By generating novel muscle-specific transgenic (Tg) mice expressing constitutively active mutant MMP-9 (i.e. MMP-9G100L), this study, we have investigated the effects elevated levels...

Inhibition of Notch signaling via systemic drug administration triggers conversion white adipocytes into beige (browning) and reduces adiposity. However, translation this discovery clinical practice is challenged by potential off-target side effects lack control over the location temporal extent adipocyte biogenesis. Here, we demonstrate an alternative approach to stimulate browning using nanoparticles (NPs) composed FDA-approved poly(lactide-co-glycolide) that enable sustained local release...

Abstract Background THBS2, a member of the extracellular matrix glycoprotein family, can effectively inhibit tumour growth and angiogenesis. This study aimed to investigate biological role THBS2 in various types cancers mechanisms underlying malignant progression colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods expression pan-cancer tissues cell lines was assessed using HPA, TISCH CCLE databases. The CIBERSORT, ESTIMATE, TIMER, xCell ssGSEA (implemented IOBR R package) algorithms were used calculate...

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is one of the most common tumor-predisposing genetic disorders. Neurofibromas are NF1-associated benign tumors. A hallmark feature neurofibromas an abundant collagen-rich extracellular matrix (ECM) that constitutes more than 50% tumor dry weight. However, little known about mechanism underlying ECM deposition during neurofibroma development and treatment response. We performed a systematic investigation enrichment plexiform (pNF) identified basement membrane...

Background: Bacterial endophthalmitis is an acute progressive visual threatening disease and one of the most important causes blindness worldwide. Current treatments are unsatisfactory due to emergence drug-resistant bacteria formation biofilm. Purpose: The aim our research was construct a novel nano-delivery system with better antimicrobial antibiofilm effects. Methods: This study developed antibiotic nanoparticle delivery (MXF@UiO-UBI-PEGTK), which composed (i) moxifloxacin (MXF)-loaded...

Sepsis, a systemic immune syndrome caused by severe trauma or infection, poses substantial threat to the health of patients worldwide. The progression sepsis is heavily influenced septic liver injury, which triggered infection and cytokine storms, has significant impact on tolerance prognosis patients. objective our study elucidate biological role molecular mechanism fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in process sepsis. This was undertaken an attempt function FGF21 therapy Serum...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a class of nuclear that play important roles in development and energy metabolism. Whereas PPARδ has been shown to regulate mitochondrial biosynthesis slow-muscle fiber types, its function skeletal muscle progenitors (satellite cells) is unknown. Since constitutive mutation Pparδ leads embryonic lethality, we sought address this question by conditional knockout (cKO) using Myf5-Cre/Pparδflox/flox alleles ablate myogenic progenitor...

The double-headed arrowhead protease inhibitors API-A and -B from the tubers of Sagittaria sagittifolia (Linn) feature two distinct reactive sites, unlike other members their family. Although have been extensively characterized, identities P1 residues in both remain controversial. crystal structure a ternary complex at 2.48 A resolution revealed that trypsins bind on opposite sides are 34 apart. overall fold belongs to beta-trefoil resembles soybean Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitors. were...

Abstract In experiments to detect heart disease on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) medical images, existing object detection models face several challenges including low accuracy and unreliable results. To tackle these issues, this article proposes an innovative method for Object Detection in MRI images called SA-YOLO. This is based the YOLOv8 model but introduces key modifications. Firstly, standard Spatial Pyramid Pooling Fast module replaced with a Multi-Channel module. Secondly,...

Abstract The overall survival of metastatic colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains poor, so it is important to explore the mechanisms metastasis and invasion. This study aimed identify invasion-related genetic markers for prognosis prediction in patients with COAD. Three molecular subtypes (C1, C2, C3) were obtained based on 97 metastasis-related genes 365 COAD samples from Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total 983 differentially expressed (DEGs) identified among different by using limma package....

Brown and beige adipocytes are potent therapeutic agents to increase energy expenditure reduce risks of obesity its affiliated metabolic symptoms. One strategy adipocyte content is through inhibition the evolutionarily conserved Notch signaling pathway. However, systemic delivery inhibitors associated with off-target effects multiple dosages application further faces technical translational challenges. Here, we report development a biodegradable polymeric microsphere-based drug system for...

Abstract Liver metastasis (LM) is an important factor leading to colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality. However, the effect of T‐cell exhaustion on LM in CRC unclear. Single‐cell sequencing data derived from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Data were normalized using Seurat package and subsequently clustered annotated into different cell clusters. The differentiation trajectories epithelial cells T characterized based pseudo‐time analysis. Single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was...

ABSTRACT Cell encapsulation within 3D hydrogels is an attractive approach to develop effective cell‐based therapies. However, little known about how cells respond the dynamic microenvironment resulting from hydrogel gelation‐based cell encapsulation. Here, a tunable biomimetic system that possesses alterable gelation kinetics and biologically relevant matrix stiffness developed study cellular responses during Hydrogels are synthesized by crosslinking thiolated hyaluronic acid chondroitin...