Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia with defects in insulin secretion and/or resistance. Despite great efforts that have been made the understanding and management of diabetes, its prevalence continues to grow. Recent discoveries opened up an exciting opportunity for developing new types therapeutics from medicinal mushrooms control DM complications. To date, more active components including polysaccharides their protein complexes, dietary...

Our previous study demonstrated that the fruiting bodies of Cordyceps sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine, attenuated diabetes-induced weight loss, polydipsia, and hyperglycemia in rats. In present study, we further compared anti-hyperglycemic activity fermented mycelia broth sinensis with bodies. Male Wistar rats orally administered placebo (STZ group), (FB group, 1 g/day), (MCS (BCS or plus (XCS 0.5 g/day each) (d1 to d28) were injected nicotinamide (200 mg/kg) streptozotocin (65 on...

Cordyceps militaris (CM) and its active ingredient cordycepin have been reported to inhibit tumor growth, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. This study used a mouse model for oral cancer cell line, 4NAOC-1 derived from mechanisms. Our results show that CM preparation (CMP) can significantly development malignant transformation in model. In vitro data indicate CMP proliferation, either anchorage-dependent or -independent. Cordycepin also increase apoptosis, decrease mitosis EGFR...

Growth hormone (GH) action is primarily mediated by insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), although both factors show tissue-selective effects. We investigated the effects of GH, IGF-I, and GH plus IGF-I on jejunal function in rats maintained with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) given recombinant human (rhGH) (400 micrograms/day sc, twice daily) and/or rhIGF-I (800 TPN solution) for 5 days. Administration or alone produced similar increases serum levels body weight; further increased these...

This study investigates the effects of Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Pilát (TVP, also known as Yunzhi) on bone properties in diabetic rats. Forty-five male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were fed either a chow diet (control) or high-fat throughout period 28 days. Animals high-fat-diet group injected with nicotinamide and streptozotocin to induce diabetes mellitus (DM). The DM divided into receiving distilled water (vehicle) another TVP at 0.1 g/kg weight by gavage. Relative vehicle group, gavage...

Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (IIR) injury is closely associated with oxidative stress. Evidence shows that oral supplementation glutamine citrulline alleviates IIR-induced jejunal damage. We investigated the effects of a combination glutamine, citrulline, antioxidant vitamins on damage, stress, inflammation.

We compared the effects of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor I [rhIGF-I, 800 micrograms/day, coinfused with total parenteral nutrition (TPN)], hormone (rhGH, subcutaneous injection twice daily), and simultaneous treatment rhIGF-I rhGH (800 + micrograms/day) in rats subjected to surgical stress maintained TPN. Weight gain induced by IGF-I plus GH was double that shown or alone. Although weight similar GH, selectively increased heart, kidney, thymus, spleen, small intestine mass,...

Background: To clarify clinical arguments regarding nutrition support in patients with long‐term mechanical ventilation, we investigated the effects of hypercaloric feeding on status and carbon dioxide production. Methods: Twenty‐eight mechanically ventilated, clinically stable nasogastric tube were recruited randomly divided into control groups, which provided 1.2‐ 1.8‐fold resting energy expenditure (REE), respectively. The arterial venous blood samples collected, anthropometric...

This study determined factors of preterm delivery in Taiwan. Healthy women (n=520, age 29.1±4.2 y) at 8-12 weeks pregnancy were recruited from prenatal clinics. Background information, anthropometrics, biochemical parameters, and dietary intake, collected by 24 h-recall obtained the first, second, third trimesters to delivery. Clinical outcomes neonates also collected. The results show that 53.7% primiparous incidence was 6.2%. Body weight gains first trimester throughout significantly lower...

Healthy aging is defined as the process of developing and maintaining functional ability in older age with intrinsic capacity, composite all physical mental capacities an individual, being core. This study was conducted to explore intervention effects improved dietary quality on capacity. A prospective single-group interventional quasi-experimental 59 independent adults from retirement homes were recruited. Texture-modified plant-based supplements provided. In addition, intake, ability,...

Diets that ameliorate the adverse effects of uric acid (UA) on renal damage deserve attention. The casein or soya protein combined with palm safflower-seed oil various serum parameters and histology were investigated hyperuricaemic rats. Male Wistar rats administered oxonic UA to induce hyperuricaemia fed plus palm- oil-supplemented diets. Normal without allopurinol treatment (150 mg/l in drinking water) maize After 8 weeks, diet significantly decreased (one-way ANOVA; P < 0·05). In...

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a disease with impaired glucose, protein and lipid metabolism, low-grade chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, is global public health crisis. We previously demonstrated that Grifola frondosa has bioactivities in improving glycemic responses diabetic rats. Herein, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of submerged-culture mycelia broth G. on peripheral blood cells (PBL) splenocytes. Male Wistar rats were administered saline (normal rats) or...

Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) selectively increase tissue mass. We compared the fractional rate of protein synthesis (Ks in skeletal muscle, jejunal mucosa muscularis, liver to investigate differential effects GH IGF-I on synthesis. Surgically stressed rats were maintained with hypocaloric total parenteral nutrition (TPN) given recombinant human (rh) (rhGH), rhIGF-I, rhGH + rhIGF-I (800 or 800 micrograms/day, respectively), TPN alone. After 3 days, a flooding...

Grifola frondosa, an edible fungus with a large fruiting body and overlapping caps, has been demonstrated to be natural source of health-promoting substances, mainly due its polysaccharides β-glucan. By using male Wistar rats injected saline (normal rats) or nicotinamide plus streptozotocin (diabetic rats), we investigated the effects orally ingested placebo (CON STZ groups), culture mycelium (CGM SGM broth (CGB SGB (CGX SGX groups) frondosa on glycemic responses. During experimental period...

Tremella mesenterica (TM) is a common food and folk medicine widely used in several Asian countries as tonic for the lungs. In present study, we compared effects of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), intracellular (IPS), ethanol extract (EE) on induction apoptosis into human lung carcinoma A549 epithelial cells. The EE, but not EPS or IPS, almost completely inhibited growth results Annexin V-FITC/PI staining flow cytometric analysis indicated that percentage V(+)/PI(-) cells EE-treated...

The antihyperglycemic activity of extracellular polysaccharopeptides (ePSP) obtained from Trametes versicolor (TV) strain LH-1 has been reported to increase cellular glucose uptake in HepG2 cells an insulin-independent manner. Evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays a pivotal role the development diabetic complications. We aimed use vivo model investigate effects TV-ePSP on and homeostasis type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Male Wistar rats fed with high fat diet followed by...

Background: We demonstrated that recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor‐I (rhIGF‐I) or hormone (rhGH) produces identical body weight gain during total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in surgically‐stressed rats. Our current objective was to evaluate the relative anabolic and metabolic effects associated with administration of rhIGF‐I and/or rhGH hypocaloric TPN rats dexamethasone (DEX)‐induced catabolism. Methods: Male Sprague‐Dawley (~270 g) given DEX were treated IGF‐I GH for 6 days. Two...