A5018913226- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Image Processing Techniques and Applications
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases
- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- DNA Repair Mechanisms
- AI in cancer detection
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques
- Genomic variations and chromosomal abnormalities
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Microfluidic and Bio-sensing Technologies
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
- Structural and Chemical Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Compounds
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
National Institute on Aging
2007-2017
National Institutes of Health
2007-2017
Johns Hopkins University
1993-2012
Trinity College London
2008
University of Edinburgh
1997
San Raffaele University of Rome
1995
University of Milan
1995
Shriners Hospitals for Children - Erie
1987
The multiprotein complex, dynactin, is an integral part of the cytoplasmic dynein motor and required for dynein-based motility in vitro vivo. In living cells, perturbation dynein–dynactin interaction profoundly blocks mitotic spindle assembly, inhibition or depletion dynactin from meiotic cell extracts prevents microtubules focusing into spindles. interphase complex correlated with ER-to-Golgi movement reorganization Golgi apparatus endosome–lysosome system, but effects on microtubule...
Biological imaging is an emerging field, covering a wide range of applications in biological and clinical research. However, while machinery for automated experimenting data acquisition has been developing rapidly the past years, image analysis often introduces bottleneck high content screening.Wndchrm open source utility analysis. The software works by first extracting descriptors from raw image, transforms, compound transforms. Then, most informative features are selected, feature vector...
We describe a method for automated detection of radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) in knee X-ray images. The is based on the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) classification grades, which correspond to different stages OA severity. classifier was built using manually classified X-rays, representing first four KL grades ( <i xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">normal</i> , xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">doubtful</i>...
The subependymal zone (SEZ) of the lateral ventricles is one areas adult brain where new neurons are continuously generated from neural stem cells (NSCs), via rapidly dividing precursors. This neurogenic niche a complex cellular and extracellular microenvironment, highly vascularized compared to non-neurogenic periventricular areas, within which NSCs precursors exhibit distinct behavior. Here, we investigate possible mechanisms by matrix molecules their receptors might regulate this...
Abstract Aging is a major international concern that brings formidable socioeconomic and healthcare challenges. Small molecules capable of improving the health older individuals are being explored. enhance cellular stress resistance promising avenue to alleviate declines seen in human aging. Tomatidine, natural compound abundant unripe tomatoes, inhibits age-related skeletal muscle atrophy mice. Here we show tomatidine extends lifespan healthspan C. elegans , an animal model aging which...
We describe a method for automated recognition of painters and schools art based on their signature styles studied the computer-based perception visual art. Paintings nine artists, representing three different art—impressionism, surrealism abstract expressionism—were analyzed using large set image features transforms. The computed descriptors were assessed Fisher scores, most informative used classification similarity measurements paintings, painters, Experimental results show that accuracy...
The multisubunit protein, dynactin, is a critical component of the cytoplasmic dynein motor machinery. Dynactin contains two distinct structural domains: projecting sidearm that interacts with and an actin-like minifilament backbone thought to bind cargo. Here, we use biochemical, ultrastructural, molecular cloning techniques obtain comprehensive picture dynactin composition structure. Treatment purified recombinant dynamitin yields assemblies: actin-related Arp1, p150Glued sidearm. Both...
INCENP is a tightly bound chromosomal protein that transfers to the spindle midzone at metaphase/anaphase transition. Here, we show an truncation mutant (INCENP382–839) associates with microtubules but does not bind chromosomes, and coats entire throughout mitosis. Furthermore, (INCENP43–839) previously shown transfer anaphase (Mackay, A.M., D.M. Eckley, C. Chue, W.C. Earnshaw. 1993. J. Cell Biol. 123:373–385), here unable target centromere. Thus, association specifically centromeres,...
After the separation of sister chromatids in anaphase, it is essential that cell position a cleavage furrow so partitions into two daughter cells roughly equal size. The mechanism by which this remains unknown, although best current model furrows always assemble midway between asters. We used micromanipulation human cultured to produce mitotic heterokaryons with spindles fused V conformation. majority (15/19) these cleaved along single plane transected arms at where metaphase plate had been,...
Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides both a physical framework and microenvironment that supplies instructive signals from the earliest stages of multicellular development. As first step toward understanding role ECM in regulating behavior neural stem cells (NSCs), here we show localization laminins, heterotrimeric family molecules expressed many different cell microenvironments, their corresponding receptors embryonic murine ventricular zone (VZ) within which NSCs undergo...
Cohesion establishment and maintenance are carried out by proteins that modify the activity of Cohesin, an essential complex holds sister chromatids together. Constituents replication fork, such as DNA polymerase alpha-binding protein Ctf4, contribute to cohesion in ways poorly understood. To identify additional components, we analyzed a ctf4Delta synthetic lethal screen performed on microarrays. We focused subset ctf4Delta-interacting genes with genetic instability their own. Our analyses...
Dynactin is an essential part of the cytoplasmic dynein motor that enhances processivity and serves as adaptor allows to bind cargoes. Much known about dynactin's interaction with microtubules, but how it associates its diverse complement subcellular binding partners remains mysterious. It has been suggested cargo specification involves a group subunits referred "pointed-end complex." We used chemical cross-linking, RNA interference, protein overexpression characterize interactions within...
Cockayne syndrome is a neurodegenerative accelerated aging disorder caused by mutations in the CSA or CSB genes. Although pathogenesis of has remained elusive, recent work implicates mitochondrial dysfunction disease progression. Here, we present evidence that loss neuroblastoma cell line converges on defects ribosomal DNA transcription and activation damage sensor poly-ADP ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). Indeed, inhibition leads to number lines. Furthermore, machine-learning algorithms predict...
It has recently been proposed that mitotic chromosomes transport certain cytoskeletal proteins to the metaphase plate so these are able subsequently participate in assembly of anaphase spindle and cleavage furrow. To understand how such accomplish their dual chromosomal: role, we have begun a molecular functional analysis inner centromere (INCENPs), founder members class "chromosome passenger proteins". cDNA clones encoding open reading frames two chicken INCENPs were recovered. The...
We propose a report on automatic classification of three common types malignant lymphoma: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, follicular lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma. The goal was to find patterns indicative lymphoma malignancies allowing classifying these by type. used computer vision approach for quantitative characterization image content. A unique two-stage employed in this study. At the outer level, raw pixels were transformed with set transforms into spectral planes. Simple (Fourier,...
The mechanisms by which neural and glial progenitor cells in the adult brain respond to tissue injury are unknown. We studied responses of these stab wound rats two transgenic mouse models Y/GFP is driven either Sox2 (a stem cell marker) or Talpha-1 (which marks newly born neurons). response progenitors was low all nonneurogenic regions, no neurogenesis occurred at site. Glial expressing Olig2 NG2 showed greatest response. appearance preceded reactive astrocytes. Surprisingly, we found...
The dynein activator dynactin is a multiprotein complex with distinct microtubule- and cargo-binding domains. domain contains short, actin-like filament of the actin-related protein Arp1, second protein, Arp11, conventional actin. length this invariant in isolated from multiple species tissues, suggesting that activities regulate Arp1 polymerization are important for assembly. Arp11 present localized at pointed end minifilament, whereas actin capping (CapZ) barbed end. Either might cooperate...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTNucleotide sequence of the mouse .alpha.1-acid glycoprotein gene 1Robin Cooper, D. Mark Eckley, and John PapaconstantinouCite this: Biochemistry 1987, 26, 17, 5244–5250Publication Date (Print):August 25, 1987Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 25 August 1987https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/bi00391a006https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00391a006research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissionsArticle...