Abstract A polar (PCH-5) and a non-polar (152) compound are introduced as liquid-crystalline bench-mark compounds. The materials chosen affordable, stable, easy to handle possess nematic mesophases between 30–54·9 24–103·4°C. All relevant macroscopic physical properties, such refractive indices n o e, dielectric permittivities ∥⊊, elastic constants K 11, 22 33, bulk rotational viscosities given function of temperature, wavelength frequency, when applicable. reference compounds available from...

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) stands out for its versatility in numerous applications, thanks to unique reversible insulator-to-metal phase transition. This transition can be initiated by various stimuli, leading significant alterations the material’s characteristics, including resistivity and optical properties. As interest material is growing year year, purpose of this review explore trends current state progress on some applications proposed VO2 field sensors actuators using literature methods....

In this study, a thin film of silicon carbide (SiC) was deposited on porous (P-Si) substrate using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The photo–electrochemical etching method with an Nd: YAG at 1064 nm wavelength and 900 mJ pulse energy vacuum 10−2 mbar P-Si utilized to create sufficiently high amount surface area for SiC achieve efficient growth the substrate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis performed crystalline structure showed high-intensity peaks (111) (220) planes, indicating that...

It is demonstrated by model calculations and experimental results, that the range of viewing angles a twisted nematic (TN) display can be considerably improved using liquid-crystal material with low refractive index anisotropy Dn<0.1.

Large area OLEDs aimed at lighting applications should provide homogeneous luminance—homogeneity is one of the quality metrics such devices. Local light generation depends on both local temperature and voltage drop across emitting polymer(s) in device. Therefore thermal electrical engineering critical. Due to large these devices coupled simulation problem distributed nature. Electrical characteristics organic semiconductor materials used OLED are highly nonlinear, their nonlinear...

Dimethyl (3-dimethylaminopropyl) indium was synthesized and used for the first time as an source growth of InP layers by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy at atmospheric pressure. This compound is liquid room temperature with a pressure 30–40 Pa 30 °C, which enables its use low temperatures. The were grown bubbler °C. varied between 580 660 Hall measurements revealed good electrical data carrier mobilities up to 49 900 cm2 /V s 77 K. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence experiments...

Abstract Mit Hilfe des Klärpunktes von Flüssigkristallen kann im Kernresonanzspektrometer die Probentemperatur sehr exakt bestimmt werden. Das Verfahren ist für 1 H‐ und 13 C‐NMR‐Messungen geeignet um den Faktor 5 genauer als bisher bekannten. Bei H‐Messungen liegt der Fehler bei ±0,2°C, C‐NMR‐ Messungen ±0,3°C. Folgende Untersuchungen wurden durchgeführt: überprüfung Ethylenglykol‐Eichgeraden, Eichung Skala NMR‐Temperatur‐Regelgeräten, Bestimmung Temperaturgradienten in NMR‐Proben,...

3D ICs have emerged in the past few years. While they solve a large number of problems related to scaling, also create new ones. Removing heat from layers far cooling facilities is great challenge still under intensive research. This paper shows how logi-thermal simulation can be used predict operation parameters digital systems realized ICs. The method effectively guide place-and-route algorithms and find thermal bottlenecks.

This article investigates resistive random access memory (ReRAM) crossbar arrays, which is a notable development in non-volatile technology. We highlight ReRAM’s competitive edge over NAND, NOR Flash, and phase-change (PCM), particularly terms of endurance, speed, energy efficiency. paper focuses on the architecture where memristive devices are positioned at intersecting metal wires. emphasize unique switching mechanisms memristors challenges sneak path currents delve into roles...

Abstract Active matrix liquid crystal displays belong to one of the fastest growing fields in display research and development. Several pocket TVs using this technology are already available commercially. High quality for TV instrumentation require an understanding optimization material parameters. We have, therefore, investigated influence elastic, dielectric optic properties on electrical resistance as well response times viewing angle dependence active displays. Based correlations derived...

In recent years great effort has been put into development of lighting purpose Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) worldwide. Among many concerns developers is heat-removal from the thin film structure active layers OLEDs which are typically realized on low thermal conductivity substrates such as glass or polymer foils. The other issue to provide with transparent, yet high electrical electric power supply structure, therefore metallic shunting grids added layer stack OLEDs. These two major...

Large area multi-chip LED devices, such as chip-on-board (CoB) LEDs, require the combined use of chip-level multi-domain compact models (Spice-like models) and proper description distributed nature thermal environment (the CoB substrate phosphor) chips. In this paper, we describe a new numerical solver that was specifically developed for purpose. For chip-level, modeling approach Delphi4LED project is used. This model coupled to finite difference scheme based used simulate phenomena in...

Complex structures can be well modeled by simulation using appropriate field solvers; however the investigation of detailed models is a time demanding process even on latest computers. This article surveys new developments resulting in execution reduction thermal and electro solver that takes finite differences method (FDM) based model as input. tool vectorized version SUNRED algorithm. One part architectural optimization: multithreading, memory cache system optimization, other...

In our project the final goal is to develop cost-effective roll-to-roll technology of fabricating large area, high throughput OLED devices for intelligent lighting applications. The main achievements first six months are described in this paper. An electro-thermal FDM simulator was developed on basis an existing thermalonly simulator. simulations proved necessity building a shunting grid conductance at transparent anode device. model validation technique and method thermal qualification...