A5051764569- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- School Health and Nursing Education
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology
- Noise Effects and Management
- Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Cancer Risks and Factors
- Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Global Health Care Issues
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- High Altitude and Hypoxia
- Research in Social Sciences
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Lung Cancer Research Studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
Technological University Dublin
2020-2025
TobaccoFree Research Institute
2016-2025
Trinity College Dublin
1986-2024
The George Institute for Global Health
2024
UNSW Sydney
2024
New South Wales Department of Health
2019-2020
Government of New South Wales
2019-2020
Public Health Service of Amsterdam
2019
Amsterdam University Medical Centers
2019
University of Amsterdam
2019
The main purpose of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) is to collect comparable data substance use among 15- 16-year-old students in order monitor trends ...
Objective: To evaluate the psychosocial and behavioural impact of first ever national level comprehensive workplace smoke-free law, implemented in Ireland March 2004. Design: Quasi-experimental prospective cohort survey: parallel telephone surveys representative samples adult smokers (n = 769) UK 416), surveyed before law (December 2003 to January 2004) 8–9 months after 2004 2005). Main outcome measures: Respondents’ reports smoking key public venues, support for total bans those changes due...
Background: Particulate air pollution is associated with increased mortality. There a need for European results from multicountry databases concerning cause-specific mortality to obtain more accurate effect estimates. Methods: We report the estimated effects of ambient particle concentrations (black smoke and particulate matter less than 10 μm [PM10]) on cardiovascular respiratory mortality, 29 cities, within Air Pollution Health: Approach (APHEA2) project. applied 2-stage hierarchical...
The anomalous scattering data from five Cd in the native protein were used to determine crystal structure of cadmium, zinc (Cd,Zn) metallothionein isoform II rat liver. a 4-Cd cluster was solved by direct methods. A 2.3 Å resolution electron density map calculated iterative single-wavelength scattering. is folded into two domains. amino terminal domain (β) residues 1 29 enfolds three-metal one and Zn atoms coordinated six cysteine thiolate ligands three bridging thiolates. carboxyl (α) 30 61...
Air pollution exposure studies in the past decade have focused on acute (days) or long-term (years) effects. We present an analysis of medium-term (weeks to months) effects particulate and temperature. assessed associations (black smoke) temperature with age-standardized daily mortality rates over 17 years Dublin, Ireland, using a polynomial distributed lag model both air simultaneously through 40 days after exposure. When only (3-day mean) were considered, we found total increased by 0.4%...
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) causes disease in nonsmokers. Workplace bans on smoking are interventions to reduce exposure ETS try prevent harmful health effects. On March 29, 2004, the Irish government introduced first national comprehensive legislation banning all workplaces, including bars and restaurants. This study examines impact of this air quality pubs respiratory effects bar workers Dublin.Exposure study. Concentrations particulate matter 2.5 microm or smaller (PM(2.5)) 10...
Intravenous infusion of salbutamol 10 mug/min in seven healthy subjects significantly increased their ventilatory responses to inhaled CO2 both hypoxia and hyperoxia. These changes chemical control breathing are unlikely be significant when the drug is used severe asthma but may benefit patients with acute exacerbations chronic failure. The also heart rate, which was most pronounced combined hypercapnia. produced an average fall plasma potassium from 3-99 3-10 mmol/l, associated increase...
Abstract Aims To estimate temporal trends in adolescents’ current cigarette, alcohol and cannabis use Europe by gender region, test for regional differences evaluate convergence. Design Setting Five waves of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol Other Drugs (ESPAD) from 28 countries between 1999 2015. Countries were grouped into five regions [northern (NE), southern (SE), western (WE), eastern (EE) Balkans (BK)]. Participants A total 223 814 male 211 712 female 15–16‐year‐old...
Population data on tobacco use and its determinants require continuous monitoring careful inter-country comparison. We aimed to provide the most up-to-date estimates smoking from a large cross-sectional survey, conducted in selected European countries.
Tobacco use is closely linked to social and health inequalities, including economic vulnerability, morbidity, premature death. Young adults with disabilities experience significant material hardships, which may be exacerbated by tobacco use. Limited research exists on smoking e-cigarette in this population. This study examines the prevalence of disability among young Ireland, compares between those without disabilities, identifies protective risk factors, explores shared evaluates as an...
To assess whether granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) reduces the toxicity of chemotherapy and alters delivered dose-intensity. feasibility dose-intensification in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) determine it has an impact on outcome.Patients with good- or intermediate-prognosis SCLC entered a prospective multicenter study that involved 2 x factorial design randomization to six cycles ifosfamide 5 g/m2, carboplatin 300 mg/m2, etoposide 120 mg/m2 intravenously (I.V.) days...
The working group summarized the conclusions of workshop with intention providing a guide for preparation national plans tuberculosis elimination. basic strategies that appear consistently effective are: 1. Direct government responsibility diagnosis, treatment and prevention (the is responsible by law assuring identified early, cure patients achieved). 2. Maintenance (or development) properly designed disease surveillance programme monitoring system. 3. Availability specialized personnel at...
Aim To evaluate the short-term impacts of removing point-of-sale tobacco displays in Ireland, implemented July 2009. Methods Retailer compliance was assessed using audit surveys 2007, 2008 and Using a monthly survey 1000 adults carried out since 2002, changes smoking prevalence were assessed; attitudes measured extra questions added for 10-month period before after law. Youth responses cohort 180 13–15 year olds, interviewed June August Results Immediately following implementation, 97%....
Previous studies have shown decreases in cardiovascular mortality following the implementation of comprehensive smoking bans. It is not known whether cerebrovascular or respiratory post-ban. On March 29, 2004, Republic Ireland became first country world to implement a national workplace ban. The aim this study was assess effect policy on all-cause and cause-specific, non-trauma mortality.A time-series epidemiologic assessment conducted, utilizing Poisson regression examine weekly age...
We have studied arterial PO2, PCO2, and hydrogen ion electroencephalogram during sleep in 10 patients with stable severe chronic respiratory failure. As a group the slept badly. Sleep was associated worsening of hypoxia no significant change PCO2 H+. Two were restudied, receiving oxygen therapy overnight. Both had improved but one, who an intact hypoxic drive to breathing, developed marked hypercapnia acidosis when his PO2 restored normal sleep; other, more or breathing than air. Oxygen may...
<h3>Objective</h3> Little evidence, other than that commissioned by the tobacco industry, exists on size of illicit trade. This study addresses this gap examining level and nature cigarettes hand-rolled in 18 European countries. <h3>Design</h3> Face-to-face cross-sectional survey smoking. <h3>Setting</h3> <h3>Participants</h3> For each country, around 1000 subjects representative population aged 15 over were enrolled. Current cigarette smokers asked to show their latest purchased pack or...
Limited data on smoking prevalence allowing valid between-country comparison are available in Europe. The aim of this study is to provide and its determinants 18 European countries. In 2010, within the Pricing Policies And Control Tobacco Europe (PPACTE) project, we conducted a face-to-face survey countries (Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Croatia, England, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain Sweden) total 056 participants,...
Purpose To examine prevalence of, and factors associated with, e-cigarette use among young people aged 16-17 in Ireland. Methods In 2014, a representative sample of 821 recruited from secondary schools completed pen paper survey on use, tobacco socio-demographic items. Findings A total 23.8% respondents had used e-cigarettes at least once. Dual trial was common with 69.5% regular smokers 30.4% 'ever' having tried 10.6% current using regularly. 4.2% never have e-cigarettes. Overall, (once...