Abstract Improving the functional stability of shape memory alloys (SMAs), which undergo a reversible martensitic transformation, is critical for their applications and remains central research theme driving advances in technology. By using thin‐film composition‐spread technique high‐throughput characterization methods, lattice parameters quaternary Ti–Ni–Cu–Pd SMAs thermal hysteresis are tailored. Novel with near‐zero hysteresis, as predicted by geometric non‐linear theory martensite,...

Chemical and structural heterogeneity the resulting interaction of coexisting phases can lead to extraordinary behaviours in oxides, as observed piezoelectric materials at morphotropic phase boundaries relaxor ferroelectrics. However, such phenomena are rare metallic alloys. Here we show that, by tuning presence textured Co(1-x)Fe(x) thin films, effective magnetostriction λ(eff) large 260 p.p.m. be achieved low-saturation field ~10 mT. Assuming λ(100) is dominant component, this number...

Epitaxial TiO 2 rutile films were fabricated on α-Al O 3 (1012) substrate in the layer-by-layer fashion by laser molecular beam epitaxy. Ablation with a Co-doped target produced single phase of film concentration Co between 0 and 5%. Some ferromagnetic domain structures observed x Ti 1- scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscope at to 90 K. The magnetic hysteresis could also be even room temperature moment ∼ 1 µ B /Co atom.

The occupied and unoccupied in-gap electronic states of a Rh-doped SrTiO3 photocatalyst were investigated by X-ray emission spectroscopy absorption for different Rh impurity valence doping levels. An midgap Rh4+ acceptor state was found 1.5 eV below the conduction band minimum. Both Rh3+ dopants to have an donor level close maximum SrTiO3. density obtained from first-principles calculations show that all observed spectral features can be assigned substitutional at Ti site Rh:SrTiO3 is...

To study mass transfer characteristics in a vapor deposition reactor, gas flow patterns horizontal tube were investigated. Combined free and forced convection spiral pure laminar observed depending on experimental conditions of various rates pressures. Further, local under two behaviors numerically obtained by solving three‐dimensional conservation equation. It was estimated the basis calculated results that rectangular reactor produced better uniformity rate distribution across width than...

Abstract Production of chemical fuels by direct solar energy conversion in a photoelectrochemical cell is great practical interest for developing sustainable system. Various nanoscale designs such as nanowires, nanotubes, heterostructures and nanocomposites have been explored to increase the efficiency water splitting. Here we demonstrate self-organized nanocomposite material concept enhancing photocarrier separation electrochemical conversion. Mechanically robust photoelectrodes are formed...

Epitaxial Rh-doped SrTiO3 thin film photocatalysts were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition under various conditions. The oxygen pressure used during growth was found to affect the valence of Rh dopant in Rh:SrTiO3 films, reproducing known optical absorption behavior powder samples. Evaporative loss observed at low pressures and high temperatures. Cyclic voltammetry measurements a K2SO4 solution showed that is highly efficient hydrogen-producing photocathode with characteristic p-type...

The effect of iridium valence in Ir:SrTiO3 on the electronic structure and photocatalytic activity a water splitting reaction was studied. Epitaxial thin film photoelectrodes were grown with controlled Ir used to measure electrochemical efficiency Ir:SrTiO3. positions in-gap impurity levels determined by optical X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Comparison ab initio calculations assign observed states either Ir4+ or Ir3+ dopants SrTiO3. measurements show that Ir3+:SrTiO3 forms single...

Chemical stimulation of geothermal reservoirs via selective mineral dissolution with eco-friendly chelating agents has been recently proposed as a novel method complementary to hydraulic stimulation. In our previous study, we demonstrated rapid and significant permeability enhancement accompanied by the creation voids due biotite in fractured granite at 200 °C under confining stress. However, process its optimum pH have not investigated yet. this present results experiments conducted on...

Epitaxial self-assembled ferro(i)magnetic spinel (CoFe2O4 (CFO)) and ferroelectric bismuth layered perovskite (Bi5Ti3FeO15 (BTFO)) pillar-matrix nanostructures are demonstrated on (001) single-crystalline strontium titanate substrates. The CFO remains embedded in the BTFO matrix as vertical pillars (∼50 nm diameter) up to a volume fraction of 50%. Piezoresponse force microscopy experiments evidence weak out-of-plane strong in-plane ferroelectricity phase, despite previously reported...

Abstract Improving geothermal systems through hydraulic stimulation to create highly permeable fractured rocks can induce seismicity. Therefore, the technique must be applied at a moderate intensity; this has led concerns of insufficient permeability enhancement. Adding chemical mitigate these issues, but traditional methods using strong mineral acids have challenges in terms achieving dissolution over long distances and variable fluid chemistry. Here, we demonstrate novel method for...

We report on theoretical and experimental investigation of A-site driven ferroelectricity in ferromagnetic La2NiMnO6 thin films grown SrTiO3 substrates. Structural analysis density functional theory calculations show that epitaxial strain stretches the rhombohedral crystal lattice along [111]cubic direction, triggering a displacement La ions double perovskite lattice. The distortion displacements stabilize ferroelectric polar state crystals. only appears phase, where MnO6 NiO6 octahedral...

Feature Issue on Optical Interconnection Networks (OIN). We describe hybrid optical-electrical systems that perform header processing and buffering of ultrafast, asynchronous optical packets. Our are enabled by three key, novel devices: an all-optical serial-to-parallel converter, clock-pulse generator, a photonic parallel-to-serial-converter. These devices allow utilization complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology for compact, highly functional packet processing. A simplified node...

Resistivity measurements show that SrTiO3/LaTiO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures remain metallic even for single unit cell LaTiO3 layers. Hall resistances of all are nonlinear functions the applied field. The data is analyzed in terms a two-layer model, indicating low-mobility layer exists at LaTiO3/SrTiO3 interface, while carriers with mobilities approaching 10 000 cm2/V s present deep SrTiO3 substrate.

Epitaxial graphene on Si (GOS) using a heteroepitaxy of 3C-SiC/Si has attracted recent attention owing to its capability fuse with Si-based electronics. We demonstrate that the stacking, interface structure, and hence, electronic properties GOS can be controlled by tuning surface termination 3C-SiC(111)/Si, proper choice substrate SiC growth conditions. On Si-terminated 3C-SiC(111)/Si(111) surface, is Bernal-stacked band splitting, while C-terminated 3C-SiC(111)/Si(110) turbostratically...

In crystalline thin film growth a prerequisite is substrate surfaces with stable and uniform structure chemical composition. Various treatments were used to obtain atomically smooth, step-and-terrace (111)-oriented SrTiO3 cation layers at the surface, i.e., single termination. The surface control enables subsequent layer-by-layer epitaxial of perovskite films La0.7Sr0.3MnO3, LaFeO3, BaTiO3. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction energy loss spectroscopy revealed that chemically...

The use of a sacrificial water-soluble BaO layer was investigated for the purpose fabricating free-standing single-crystalline BaTiO3 membranes vibrational energy harvesting applications. An epitaxial BaTiO3/SrTiO3/BaO heterostructure deposited on SrTiO3(001) substrate by pulsed laser deposition. dissolved immersing in water. A membrane thereby released from and transferred onto glass or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) adhesion layer. 200 nm-thick...

We have developed a phase mapping method based on machine learning analysis of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) images. RHEED produces patterns containing wealth static and dynamic information is commonly used to determine the growth rate, mode, surface morphology epitaxial thin films. However, ability extract quantitative structural from that appear during film limited by lack versatile automated techniques. created deep learning-based for automating identification...

Abstract Pulsed laser deposition with the fourth harmonic wave of Nd-doped Y3Al5O12 was applied to thin film epitaxy a ferromagnetic semiconductor EuO which contains metastable Eu2+ ions. Highly crystalline, flat, and stoichiometric (001) epitaxial films were successfully grown on YAlO3 (110) single crystal substrates. The exhibited ferromagnetism reflecting 4f electronic configuration Eu2+. These results indicate that is useful for oxide requiring oxygen stoichiometry.

Structural parameters of solvated neodymium(III), gadolinium(III), thulium(III) and ytterbium(III) ions in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) their mixtures have been obtained by an extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) method. It revealed that the metal–oxygen bond length is shortened coordination number thus decreased with increasing DMA content mixture. Interestingly, decrease takes place evidently at a lower for ion than neodymium(III) ion, i.e., geometry...

Essential oil from the leaves of Tateyamasugi (Cryptomeria japonica) exhibited strong inhibitory activity on ulceration induced by HCl/ethanol, HCl/aspirin, water-immersion stress and pylorus-ligation. We separated antiulcer compounds cedar essential use distillation chromatography. As a result, terpinen-4-ol, monoterpene, elemol, sesquiterpene, were isolated as active compounds. The former was more potent than that latter. Terpinen-4-ol mixture optical isomers each possessed activity....

Graphene is a promising material in next-generation devices. Large-scale epitaxial graphene should be grown on Si substrates to transfer the accumulated technologies integrated We have for this reason developed epitaxy of (GOS) and device operation backgate field-effect transistors (FETs) using GOS has been confirmed. It demonstrated paper that method enables us tune structural electronic properties terms crystallographic orientation substrate. Furthermore, it shown uniformity process within...

As an extension of combinatorial molecular layer epitaxy via ablation perovskite oxides by a pulsed excimer laser, we have developed laser beam (MBE) system for parallel integration nano-scaled thin films organic-inorganic hybrid materials. A infrared (IR) semiconductor was adopted thermal evaporation organic halide (A-site: CH3NH3I) and inorganic (B-site: PbI2) powder targets to deposit repeated A/B bilayer where the thickness each controlled on scale programming IR pulse number, length, or...