A5033515479- Microbial infections and disease research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Veterinary Oncology Research
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Heavy metals in environment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Aquaculture disease management and microbiota
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Virology and Viral Diseases
Zoological Society of San Diego
2012-2022
San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research
2009-2021
Environment and Climate Change Canada
2021
University of Saskatchewan
2021
Xian Center for Disease Control and Prevention
2020
Taronga Conservation Society Australia
2020
University of California, Davis
1985-2017
Walt Disney (United States)
2016
The Schwarzman Animal Medical Center
2016
University of Pennsylvania
2016
The endangered California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus) was reduced to a total population of 22 birds by the end 1982. Their captive-bred descendants are now being released back into wild in California, Arizona, and Baja where monitoring indicates they may accumulate lead toxic levels. Fragments ammunition carcasses game animals such as deer, elk, feral pigs not retrieved hunters or gut piles left field have been considered plausible source lead, though little direct evidence is available...
We document causes of death in free-ranging California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus) from the inception reintroduction program 1992 through December 2009 to identify current and historic mortality factors that might interfere with establishment self-sustaining populations wild. A total 135 deaths occurred October (the first post-release death) 2009, a maximum population-at-risk 352 birds, for cumulative crude rate 38%. definitive cause was determined 76 98 submitted cases, 70% (53/76)...
Molecular and morphological data permit a rational subdivision of the paraphyletic Isospora into 2 apparently monophyletic groups parasites, i.e., Cystoisospora. Atoxoplasma was determined to be junior objective synonym for Isospora. Tetrasporozoic, diplosporocystic oocysts possessing Stieda bodies in their sporocysts belong (Eimeriidae) have been described principally from feces birds. without Cystoisospora (Sarcocystidae).
Preexistent feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection greatly potentiated the severity of transient primary and chronic secondary stages immunodeficiency (FIV) infection. Of 10 FeLV-FIV carrier cats, 5 died experimentally induced FIV infection, compared with 2 deaths in cats infected only FeLV 1 death 7 FIV. FIV-infected preexistent infections developed severe depression, anorexia, fever, diarrhea, dehydration, weight loss, leukopenia 4 to 6 weeks after were moribund within onset signs, whereas...
Abstract Five out of 169 fertile California condor ( Gymnogyps californianus ) eggs laid in captivity have exhibited chondrodystrophy, a lethal form dwarfism. Pedigree records indicate that this like similar conditions chickens, turkeys and quail, is probably inherited as an autosomal, recessive allele. We estimate the frequency putative allele about 9%. This high due to founder effect. consider three management options for allele: ignoring it, eliminating it by selection minimizing its...
Oriental white-backed vultures (Gyps bengalensis; OWBVs) died of renal failure when they ingested diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), in tissues domestic livestock. Acute necrosis proximal convoluted tubules these was severe. Glomeruli, distal tubules, and collecting were relatively spared the that had early lesions. In most vultures, however, lesions became extensive with large urate aggregates obscuring architecture. Inflammation minimal. Extensive precipitation on...
The 'Alala (Corvus hawaiiensis) is the most endangered corvid in world, and intensive efforts are being made to reintroduce it its former native range Hawaii. We diagnosed Toxoplasma gondii infection five free-ranging 'Alala. One 'Alala, recaptured from wild because was underweight depressed, treated with diclazuril (10 mg/kg) orally for 10 days. Antibodies were measured before after treatment by modified agglutination test (MAT) using whole T. tachyzoites fixed formalin mercaptoethanol. MAT...
Abstract Objective —To investigate the effects of preexisting FeLV infection or and feline immunodeficiency (FIV) coinfection on pathogenicity small variant Haemobartonella felis (Hfsm, California variant) in cats. Animals —20 infected, 5 FeLV-FIV coinfected, 19 retrovirus-free Procedure —A client-owned cat, coinfected with Hfsm, was source for Hfsm. Inoculum 1 (FeLV free) obtained by passage Hfsm through 4 FeLV-resistant 2 further (inoculum 1) specific pathogenfree Results mild-to-moderate...
Prevalence and disease caused by isosporoid coccidia in passerine birds are well recognized, but confusion about the life cycles of parasites has led to taxonomic inconsistencies. In this study, we characterized segments chromosomal small large-subunit ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes coccidial from 23 species birds, as heat shock protein 70, apicoplast rRNA, 5.8s rRNA a subgroup these animals, correlated genetic data with morphologic findings for different parasite developmental stages, host...
Balamuthia mandrillaris is a newly described free-living amoeba capable of causing fatal meningoencephalitis in humans and animals. Because the number human cases rapidly increasing, this infection now considered an important emerging disease by medical community. A retrospective review pathology database for Zoological Society San Diego (the Zoo Wild Animal Park) period July 1965 through December 1994 revealed five amoebic meningoencephalitis, all Old World primates. The infected animals...
Summary Between 1988 and 1991, feline immunodeficiency virus ( fiv ) infection status was evaluated in 1,160 cats examined at an oncology referral general practice Los Angeles, California. Twenty-nine (2.5%) were positive. Neoplasia present 18 of the 29 (62%) cats. Sampling for neoplasia intentionally biased group. However, 33% (6/18) -infected with originated from practice. Three neoplastic processes observed; myeloproliferative disease mpd ; 5/18), lymphoma lsa squamous cell carcinoma scc...
Following field observations of wild Agassiz's desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) with oral lesions similar to those seen in captive herpesvirus infection, we measured the prevalence antibodies Testudinid (TeHV) 3 populations California. The survey revealed 30.9% antibody prevalence. In 2009 and 2010, two adult male tortoises, gross consistent trauma puncture wounds, respectively, were necropsied. Tortoise 1 was from central Mojave Desert tortoise 2 northeastern Desert. We extracted DNA...
Abstract The influence of climate change on wildlife disease dynamics is a burgeoning conservation and human health issue, but few long‐term studies empirically link to pathogen prevalence. Polar bears ( Ursus maritimus ) are vulnerable the negative impacts sea ice loss as result accelerated Arctic warming. While have associated changes in polar bear body condition, reproductive output, survival, abundance reductions ice, no documented impact exposure. We examined 425 serum samples from 381...
ABSTRACT In 1996, a disease outbreak occurred at captive breeding facility in Idaho, causing anorexia, dehydration, and diarrhea or sudden death 72 of 110 Northern aplomado falcons ( Falco femoralis septentrionalis ) from 9 to 35 days age 6 102 peregrine peregrinus 14 25 age. Sixty-two six died. Epidemiologic analyses indicated point source epizootic, horizontal transmission, increased relative risk associated with cross-species brooding eggs. Primary lesions affected birds were inclusion...
Abstract Ingestion of foreign anthropogenic material, here called junk, has been documented in many avian taxa but become especially problematic some Old World Gyps vulture populations within the last 30 years. Here, we document effects ingested junk on a reintroduced population Critically Endangered California Condor Gymnogyps californianus southern California, U.S.A. Of 13 breeding attempts to date (2001–2005), only one resulted successful fledging. nests where either nest substrate was...
Mycoplasmas are an important cause of upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) in desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) and have been a main focus attempts to mitigate disease-based population declines. Infection risk can vary with animal's origin, making screening tests popular tools for determining infection status individuals populations. To provide additional methods investigating URTD we developed quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays specific agents causing clinical signs URTD: Mycoplasma...
Medical records and necropsy reports of 410 pigeons doves from the Zoological Society San Diego were examined to determine if birds treated with fenbendazole (FBZ) or albendazole (ABZ) had a higher incidence toxic-related signs than untreated control birds. Birds presented for nonmedical reasons (quarantine, relocation, preshipment examinations, routine parasite screening) used exclusively avoid confounding variables. observed 45 days after presentation. Compared 4–6% mean weight gain in...
When the fi rst patients with ILI in households were unvaccinated, was observed 59 of 136 children, yielding an SAR b0 43.4%.Among 6 exposures caused by vaccinated patients, developed 1 person, b1 16.7%.Although not signifi cant (p = 0.40), reduction infectiousness vaccination estimated to be -SAR /SAR 61.6%(95% CI -132.3% 93.6%).The 01 0% (i.e., exposure unvaccinated person a patient did result infl uenza).Limiting defi nition uenza confi rmed cases, all 8 persons uenza, and 0b 1b 10.8% 0%,...