Protein ingestion increases skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from endurance exercise. We aimed to determine the effect of graded doses dietary co-ingested with carbohydrate on whole-body metabolism, and myofibrillar (MyoPS) mitochondrial (MitoPS) In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group design, 48 healthy, young, endurance-trained men (mean ± SEM age: 27 1 y) received primed continuous infusion l-[ring-2H5]-phenylalanine, l-[ring-3,5-2H2]-tyrosine,...

Protein ingestion increases muscle protein synthesis rates. However, limited data are currently available on the effects of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) and ketoacid (BCKA) postprandial The aim this study was to compare impact ingesting 6 g BCAA, BCKA, 30 milk (MILK) rise in circulating concentrations subsequent myofibrillar rates older males. In a parallel design, 45 males (age: 71 ± 1 y; BMI: 25.4 0.8 kg/m2) were randomly assigned ingest drink containing or MILK. Basal assessed by...

Insects have recently been identified as a more sustainable protein-dense food source and may represent viable alternative to conventional animal-derived proteins. We aimed compare the impacts of ingesting lesser mealworm– milk-derived protein on digestion amino acid absorption kinetics, postprandial skeletal muscle synthesis rates, incorporation dietary protein–derived acids into de novo at rest during recovery from exercise in vivo humans. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial,...

Abstract Purpose Plant-derived proteins have received considerable attention as an alternative to animal-derived proteins. However, plant-derived are considered less anabolic properties when compared with The lower muscle protein synthesis rates following ingestion of plant- been attributed the essential amino acid content and/or their specific deficiencies. This study aimed compare post-prandial 30 g pea-derived milk-derived in healthy, young males. Methods In a randomized, double-blind,...

Poor nutritional status is frequently observed in end-stage renal disease patients and associated with adverse clinical outcomes increased mortality. Loss of amino acids (AAs) during hemodialysis (HD) may contribute to protein malnutrition these patients.We aimed assess the extent AA loss HD consuming their habitual diet.Ten anuric chronic (mean ± SD age: 67.9 19.3 y, BMI: 23.2 3.5 kg/m2), undergoing 3 times per week, were selected participate this study. Spent dialysate was collected...

Abstract We measured the impact of blood flow restriction on muscle protein synthesis rates, mass and strength during 2 weeks strict bed rest. Twelve healthy, male adults (age: 24 ± 3 years, body index: 23.7 3.1 kg/m ) were subjected to 14 days rest with unilateral performed three times daily in 5 min cycles (200 mmHg). Participants consumed deuterium oxide we collected saliva samples throughout Before immediately after rest, lean (dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scan) thigh volume...

This case study assessed body composition, muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic health of the present female world champion powerlifter in 70+ age category who started resistance exercise training at 63 years with no prior experience structured training. Measures composition (magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning, leg volume); strength (one-repetition maximum press extension, voluntary contraction, handgrip strength);...

Sarcopenia, or the loss of muscle mass and strength, is known to increase risk for falls (hip) fractures in older people. The objective this study was assess skeletal fiber characteristics elderly female hip fracture patients.Percutaneous needle biopsies were collected from vastus lateralis 15 healthy young women (20 ± 0.4 years), (79 1.7 with a fall-related (82 1.5 years). Immunohistochemical analyses performed Type I II size, myonuclear satellite cell content.Type size significantly...

Muscle fibre hypertrophy is accompanied by an increase in myonuclear number, domain size or both. It has been suggested that increases precede accretion and subsequent muscle during prolonged exercise training. In this study, we assessed the changes size, satellite cell content throughout 12 weeks of resistance-type training young men.Twenty-two men (23 ± 1 year) were assigned to a progressive, 12-weeks programme (3 sessions per week). biopsies from vastus lateralis taken before after 2, 4,...

Protein ingestion and cooling are strategies employed by athletes to improve postexercise recovery and, as such, facilitate muscle conditioning. However, whether affects postprandial protein handling subsequent synthesis rates during from exercise has not been assessed. We investigated the effect of on incorporation dietary protein-derived amino acids into acute (hourly) well prolonged (daily) myofibrillar resistance-type over 2 weeks. Cold-water immersion lowers capacity take up and/or...

Resistance-type exercise increases muscle protein synthesis rates during acute postexercise recovery. The impact of resistance-type training on (local) under free-living conditions a day-to-day basis remains unclear. We determined the daily unilateral local myofibrillar 3-day period. Twelve healthy young men (22 ± 1 yr) were recruited to participate in this study where they performed daily, intervention Two days before subjects ingested 400 ml deuterated water ( 2 H O). Additional 50-ml...

Background: Short successive periods of physical inactivity occur throughout life and contribute considerably to the age-related loss skeletal muscle mass. The maintenance mass during brief disuse is required prevent functional decline maintain metabolic health. Objective: To assess whether daily leucine supplementation a short period can attenuate subsequent in vivo humans. Methods: Thirty healthy (22 ± 1 y) young males were exposed 7-day unilateral knee immobilization intervention by means...

Protein ingestion during recovery from resistance-type exercise increases postexercise muscle protein synthesis rates. Whey has been reported to have greater anabolic properties than soy protein, an effect which may be attributed the higher leucine content of whey.The objective this study was compare postprandial myofibrillar (MyoPS) and mitochondrial (MitoPS) rates after carbohydrate with whey, soy, or enriched free (to match whey) a single bout concurrent resistance- endurance-type in...

Short periods of bed rest lead to the loss muscle mass and quality. It has been speculated that dietary feeding pattern may have an impact upon protein synthesis rates and, therefore, modulate We subjected 20 healthy men (age: 25 ± 1 yr, body index: 23.8 0.8 kg/m2) wk strict with intermittent (4 meals/day) or continuous (24 h/day) enteral tube feeding. Participants consumed deuterium oxide for 7 days before throughout 7-day period. Prior immediately after rest, lean (dual energy X-ray...

Skeletal muscle plasticity is reflected by a dynamic balance between protein synthesis and breakdown, with basal tissue rates ranging 0.02 0.09%/h. Though it evident that other musculoskeletal tissues should also express some level of plasticity, data on most these in vivo humans limited. Six otherwise healthy patients (62±3 y), scheduled to undergo unilateral total knee arthroplasty, were subjected primed continuous intravenous infusions L-[ring-13C6]-Phenylalanine throughout the surgical...

ABSTRACT Purpose Strenuous exercise induces intestinal injury, which is likely related to splanchnic hypoperfusion and may be associated with gastrointestinal complaints commonly reported during certain modalities. Increasing circulating nitric oxide (NO) levels or inducing postprandial hyperemia improve perfusion, thereby attenuating injury exercise. Therefore, we investigated the effects of both dietary nitrate ingestion sucrose on perfusion induced by prolonged strenuous cycling. Methods...

Whey and micellar casein are high-quality dairy proteins that can stimulate postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates. How whey compare with milk in their capacity to myofibrillar (MyoPS) mitochondrial (MitoPS) rates during postexercise recovery is currently unknown. The objective of this study was MyoPS MitoPS after protein-carbohydrate co-ingestion protein, whey, or from a single bout concurrent resistance- endurance-type exercise young healthy men. In randomized, double-blind,...

All tissues undergo continuous reconditioning via the complex orchestration of changes in tissue protein synthesis and breakdown rates. Skeletal muscle has been well studied this regard, shown to turnover at a rate 1-2% per day vivo humans. Few data are available on rates other tissues. Because obvious limitations with regard brain sampling no study ever measured Here, we applied stable isotope methodology directly assess neocortex hippocampus six patients undergoing temporal lobectomy for...