A5019723180- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Forensic and Genetic Research
- Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Paleopathology and ancient diseases
- Digestive system and related health
- Ancient and Medieval Archaeology Studies
- Yersinia bacterium, plague, ectoparasites research
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Historical and Archaeological Studies
- Eurasian Exchange Networks
- Race, Genetics, and Society
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
2015-2023
University of Applied Sciences Mainz
2022
Farming and sedentism first appeared in southwestern Asia during the early Holocene later spread to neighboring regions, including Europe, along multiple dispersal routes. Conspicuous uncertainties remain about relative roles of migration, cultural diffusion, admixture with local foragers Neolithization Europe. Here we present paleogenomic data for five Neolithic individuals from northern Greece northwestern Turkey spanning time region earliest farming into We use a novel approach...
The precise genetic origins of the first Neolithic farming populations in Europe and Southwest Asia, as well processes timing their differentiation, remain largely unknown. Demogenomic modeling high-quality ancient genomes reveals that early farmers Anatolia emerged from a multiphase mixing Asian population with strongly bottlenecked western hunter-gatherer after last glacial maximum. Moreover, ancestors went through period extreme drift during westward range expansion, contributing highly...
The Cycladic, the Minoan, and Helladic (Mycenaean) cultures define Bronze Age (BA) of Greece. Urbanism, complex social structures, craft agricultural specialization, earliest forms writing characterize this iconic period. We sequenced six Early to Middle BA whole genomes, along with 11 mitochondrial sampled from three Aegean Sea. (EBA) genomes are homogeneous derive most their ancestry Neolithic Aegeans, contrary earlier hypotheses that Neolithic-EBA cultural transition was due massive...
The recovery and analysis of ancient DNA protein from archaeological bone is time-consuming expensive to carry out, while it involves the partial or complete destruction valuable rare specimens. fields palaeogenetic palaeoproteomic research would benefit greatly techniques that can assess molecular quality prior sampling. To be relevant, such screening methods should effective, minimally-destructive, rapid. This study reports results based on spectroscopic (Fourier-transform infrared...
Abstract Twenty-four palaeogenomes from Mokrin, a major Early Bronze Age necropolis in southeastern Europe, were sequenced to analyse kinship between individuals and better understand prehistoric social organization. 15 investigated involved genetic relationships of varying degrees. The Mokrin sample resembles genetically unstructured population, suggesting that the community’s hierarchies not accompanied by strict marriage barriers. We find evidence for female exogamy but no indications...
Our understanding of prehistoric societal organization at the family level is still limited. Here, we generated genome data from 32 individuals an approximately 3,800-y-old burial mound attributed to Bronze Age Srubnaya-Alakul cultural tradition site Nepluyevsky, located in Southern Ural region Central Eurasia. We found that life expectancy was generally very low, with adult males living on average 8 y longer than females. A total 35 first-degree, 40 second-degree, and 48 third-degree...
Many European towns and villages trace their origins to Early Medieval foundations. In former Roman territories, emergence has traditionally been linked mass migrations from outside the Empire. However, recent studies have emphasised local continuity with some individual-level mobility. We generated analysed 248 historic genomes Late (3rd 4th century CE) (5th-8th burial sites in southern Germany, comparing them over 2,500 contemporary Iron Age addition 1,344 modern-day Italy Great-Britain....
Abstract Farming and sedentism first appear in southwest Asia during the early Holocene later spread to neighboring regions, including Europe, along multiple dispersal routes. Conspicuous uncertainties remain about relative roles of migration, cultural diffusion admixture with local foragers Neolithisation Europe. Here we present paleogenomic data for five Neolithic individuals from northwestern Turkey northern Greece – spanning time region earliest farming into We observe striking genetic...
Abstract It is now widely accepted that agriculture and settled village life arrived in Europe as a cultural package, carried by people migrating from Anatolia the Aegean Basin. The putative fisher-forager site of Lepenski Vir Serbia has long been acknowledged an exception to this model. Here, Mesolithic–Neolithic transition—possibly inspired interaction with new arrivals—was thought have taken place autochthonously on site. Our reinterpretation, based ancient genomes, well archaeological...
Summary While early Neolithic populations in Europe were largely descended from Aegean farmers, there is also evidence of episodic gene flow local Mesolithic hunter-gatherers into communities. Exactly how and where this occurred still unknown. Here we report direct for admixture between the two groups at Danube Gorges Serbia. Analysis palaeogenomes recovered skeletons revealed that second-generation mixed individuals buried amidst whose ancestry was either exclusively or Mesolithic. The...
Abstract The precise genetic origins of the first Neolithic farming populations, as well processes and timing their differentiation, remain largely unknown. Based on demogenomic modeling high-quality ancient genomes, we show that early farmers Anatolia Europe emerged from a multiphase mixing Near Eastern population with strongly bottlenecked Western hunter-gatherer after Last Glacial Maximum. Moreover, branch leading to is characterized by 2,500-year period extreme drift during its westward...
Abstract Twenty-four ancient genomes with an average sequencing coverage of 0.85±0.25 X were produced from the Mokrin necropolis, Early Bronze Age (2,100-1,800 BC) Maros culture site in Serbia, to provide unambiguous identification biological sex, population structure, and genetic kinship between individuals. Of 24 investigated individuals, 15 involved relationships varying degrees, including 3 parent-offspring relationships. All observed pairs mother son. In addition absence daughters, we a...
Lactase persistence (LP), the continued expression of lactase into adulthood, is most strongly selected single gene trait over last 10,000 years in multiple human populations. It has been posited that primary allele causing LP among Eurasians, rs4988235*T (Enattah et al. 2008), only rose to appreciable frequencies during Bronze and Iron Ages (Mathieson al 2015; Olalde 2018), long after humans started consuming milk from domesticated animals. This rapid rise attributed an influx peoples...
Joint inhumations of adults and children are an intriguing aspect the shift from collective to single burial rites in third millennium BC Western Eurasia. Here, we revisit two exceptional Beaker period adult-child graves using ancient DNA: Altwies Luxembourg Dunstable Downs Britain. Ancestry modelling patterns shared IBD segments between individuals examined, contemporary genomes Central Northwest Europe, highlight continental connections British Beakers. Although simultaneous burials may...
Abstract Today, it is widely accepted that agriculture and settled village life arrived in Europe as a cultural package, carried by people migrating from Anatolia the Aegean Basin. The putative fisher-forager site of Lepenski Vir Serbia has long been acknowledged an exception to this model. Here, Mesolithic-Neolithic transition - possibly inspired interaction with new arrivals was thought have taken place autochthonously on site. Our reinterpretation, based ancient genomes, well...