Schizophrenia is a major psychiatric disease, which affects the centre of personality, with severe problems perception, cognition as well affective and social behaviour. In cerebrospinal fluid drug-free schizophrenic patients, significant decrease in level total glutathione (GSH) by 27% (P<0.05) was observed compared to controls, keeping reported reduced its metabolite gamma-glutamylglutamine. With new non-invasive proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy methodology, GSH medial prefrontal...

We obtained nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of liquids in fields a few microtesla, using prepolarization millitesla and detection with dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Because the sensitivity SQUID is frequency independent, we enhanced both signal-to-noise ratio spectral resolution by detecting NMR signal extremely low fields, where lines become very narrow even for grossly inhomogeneous measurement fields. In absence chemical shifts, proton-phosphorous scalar...

MRI scanners enable fast, noninvasive, and high-resolution imaging of organs soft tissue. The images are reconstructed from NMR signals generated by nuclear spins that precess in a static magnetic field B0 the presence gradients. Most clinical operate at = 1.5 T, corresponding to proton resonance frequency 64 MHz. Because these systems rely on large superconducting magnets, they costly demanding infrastructure. On other hand, low-field imagers have potential be less expensive, confining,...

Abstract T 1 ‐weighted contrast MRI with prepolarization was detected a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). A spin evolution period in variable field between and detection enabled the measurement of fields 1.7 μT 300 mT; dispersion curves agarose gel samples over five decades frequency were obtained. SQUID at 5.6 kHz drastically reduces homogeneity requirements compared to conventional field‐cycling methods using Faraday coil detection. This allows measurements be easily...

Glutathione in its reduced form (GSH) is the most important free radical scavenging compound mammalian nervous system that prevents membrane lipid peroxidation. It suspected epileptic seizures are accompanied by a massive production of reactive oxygen species, i.e., oxidative stress.Using an (1)H MRS technique developed at authors' site, authors measured glutathione levels volume interest (VOI) 25 x mm placed structurally normal-appearing tissue parietooccipital region each hemispheres...

The feasibility of selective in vivo detection glutathione (l-γ-glutamyl-l-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH) the human brain by means 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 1.5 T is demonstrated. A double quantum coherence (DQC) filtering sequence was used combination with PRESS volume selection. strongly coupled cysteinyl CH2 compound GSH found to be most suitable target for spectral editing. Analytical calculations employing a product operator description ABX three-spin system were made order...

We report the use of an atomic magnetometer based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency modulated light (FM NMOR) to detect nuclear magnetization xenon gas. The a spin-exchange-polarized sample ($1.7 $cm$^3$ at pressure $5 $bar, natural isotopic abundance, polarization 1%), prepared remotely detection apparatus, is measured sensor (which insensitive leading field 0.45 G applied sample; independent bias $140 \mu$G). An average magnetic $\sim 10 $nG induced by 10-cm diameter...

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments performed in fields on the order of microtesla yield line widths comparable to lifetime limit even grossly inhomogeneous magnets. The potential loss sensitivity is overcome by combining prepolarization millitesla and signal detection with a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID). enhanced spectral resolution attainable enables NMR studies pure liquids solutions without need for strong We have investigated variety heteronuclear systems...

Abstract An improved double quantum coherence (DQC) filter for the selective in vivo detection of glutathione (GSH) human brain at 1.5 Tesla is presented. The goal was to minimize contamination DQC‐filtered GSH signal 2.9 ppm with contributions arising from GABA. modification consists tailoring frequency response read pulse, which converts DQC into anti‐phase single such a way that GABA β and γ resonances 3.0 1.9 ppm, respectively, remain unaffected. implementation incorporating Dante pulse...

Abstract Analytical methods are used to characterize the response of strongly coupled two‐spin system citrate point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS)‐based sequences at 3 T. The signal output is analyzed line by line, as well in Cartesian product operator basis. Patterns with a periodicity 80.9 ms identified. Furthermore, it shown that TE = n · ( ∈ {0,1,2,…}), spin evolution can be described without direct reference strong coupling terms. theoretical results found good agreement vivo...

Abstract Normal metabolite concentrations were determined in five different brain regions of healthy adult volunteers using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H MRS) vivo. The absolute vivo N‐acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine and phosphocreatine (Cre), choline containing compounds (Cho) quantified from measurements obtained with a head‐shaped simulation phantom. Scanner performance calibration accuracy assessed by phantom experiments. Localized spectra acquired on clinical 1.5 T...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) encounters fundamental limits in circumstances which the static magnetic field is not sufficiently strong to truncate unwanted, so-called concomitant components of gradient field. This limitation affects attainable optimal image fidelity and resolution most prominently low-field imaging. In this article, we introduce use pulsed magnetic-field averaging toward relaxing these constraints. It found that an object can be retrieved by low fields presence full...

Two-dimensional (2D) strong-coupling point-resolved spectroscopy (S-PRESS) is introduced as a novel approach to (1)H MR (MRS) in the prostate. The technique provides full spectral information and allows for an accurate characterization of citrate (Cit) signal. method based on acquiring series PRESS spectra with constant total echo time (TE). indirect dimension encoded by varying relative lengths first second TEs (TE(1) + TE(2) = TE). In resulting 2D spectra, only signal strongly coupled spin...

Abstract A chemical‐shift‐selective filter (CSSF) was applied to the detection of J ‐coupled metabolites in human brain. This is an acquisition‐based technique that requires chemical shifts (CS's) different metabolites, but not their whole multiplet structures, be resolved. The sequence based on 2D constant‐time spin‐echo experiment, which yields pure CS spectra indirect dimension. Localization achieved through point‐resolved spectroscopy (PRESS). method enables unequivocal glutamate and myo...