A5038588882- Gut microbiota and health
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Microscopic Colitis
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks
- Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
Kiel University
2015-2024
University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein
2021-2024
University of Lübeck
2021-2024
University of Copenhagen
2019-2023
Humboldt State University
2023
Institute of Molecular Biology
2023
Institut für Tier-, Natur- und Umweltethik
2021
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology
2011-2019
Philipps University of Marburg
2015
Max Planck Society
2011
The FUT2 ( Secretor ) gene is responsible for the presence of ABO histo-blood group antigens on gastrointestinal mucosa and in bodily secretions. Individuals lacking a functional copy are known as “nonsecretors” display an array differences susceptibility to infection disease, including Crohn disease. To determine whether variation resident microbial communities with respect genotype potential factor contributing susceptibility, we performed 454-based community profiling intestinal...
Abstract Background The interplay between hosts and their associated microbiome is now recognized as a fundamental basis of the ecology, evolution, development both players. These interdependencies inspired new view multicellular organisms “metaorganisms.” goal Collaborative Research Center “Origin Function Metaorganisms” to understand why how microbial communities form long-term associations with from diverse taxonomic groups, ranging sponges humans in addition plants. Methods In order...
<h3>Objective</h3> A global increase of IBD has been reported, especially in countries that previously had low incidence rates. Also, the knowledge human gut microbiome is steadily increasing, however, limited information regarding its variation on a scale available. In light microbial involvement IBDs, we aimed to (1) identify shared and distinct IBD-associated mucosal microbiota patterns from different geographical regions including Europe (Germany, Lithuania) South Asia (India) (2)...
The intestinal microbiota is involved in many physiological processes and it increasingly recognized that differences community composition can influence the outcome of a variety murine models used biomedical research. In an effort to describe account for variation across animal facilities participating members DFG Priority Program 1656 "Intestinal Microbiota", we performed survey C57BL/6J mice from 21 different mouse rooms/facilities located at 13 institutions Germany. Fresh feces was...
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory disorder which comprises two main conditions: Crohn's (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the etiology of IBD has not been fully elucidated, gut microbiota hypothesized to play vital role in its development. The aim this cross-sectional study was characterize fecal CD or UC patients state remission reveal potential factors sustaining residual levels inflammation triggering relapses. Ninety-eight clinical (66 UC, 32...
Glycans play important roles in host-microbe interactions. Tissue-specific expression patterns of the blood group glycosyltransferase β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (B4galnt2) are variable wild mouse populations, and loss B4galnt2 is associated with altered intestinal microbiota. We hypothesized that variation alters susceptibility to pathogens. To test this, we challenged mice genetically engineered express different tissue-specific a Salmonella Typhimurium infection model. found...
The analysis of microbiome compositions in the human gut has gained increasing interest due to broader availability data and functional databases substantial progress methods, but also high relevance health disease. While most analyses infer interactions among highly abundant species, large number low-abundance species received less attention. Here we present a novel method based on Boolean operations applied microbial co-occurrence patterns. We calibrate our approach with simulated...
Highlights•The last meal of the Iceman, a European Copper Age mummy, was reconstructed•Our multipronged approach deciphers composition and food processing•His high-fat diet supplemented with wild meat cerealsSummaryThe history humankind is marked by constant adoption new dietary habits affecting human physiology, metabolism, even development nutrition-related disorders. Despite clear archaeological evidence for shift from hunter-gatherer lifestyle to agriculture in Neolithic Europe [1], very...
Abstract Background Human well-being has been linked to the composition and functional capacity of intestinal microbiota. As regular exercise is known improve human health, it not surprising that was previously described positively modulate gut microbiota, too. However, most previous studies mainly focused on either elite athletes or animal models. Thus, we conducted a randomised intervention study effects different types training (endurance strength) in physically inactive, healthy adults...
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) is the most common form of autoimmune in children and adults. Although our understanding disease mechanisms has progressed, little known about estimating patient outcomes. Therefore, NEOS (anti-NMDAR Encephalitis One-Year Functional Status) score was introduced as a tool to predict progression NMDARE. Developed mixed-age cohort, it currently remains unclear whether can be optimized for pediatric NMDARE.This retrospective observational...
Factors shaping the human intestinal microbiota range from environmental influences, like smoking and exercise, over dietary patterns disease to host's genetic variation. Recently, we could show in a microbiome genome-wide association study (mGWAS) targeting variation influencing β diversity of gut microbial communities, that approximately 10% overall can be explained by host genetics. Here, report on application new method for genotype-β-diversity testing, distance-based F (DBF) test. With...
Here we provide compelling evidence that inflammation in a murine model of Crohn’s disease–like is characterized by an immune reaction presumably directed at disease-relevant microflora genetically susceptible host with impaired mucosal barrier function and bacterial clearance.
Abstract Compared to the huge microbial diversity in most mammals, human gut microbiomes have lost while becoming specialized for animal-based diets – especially compared chimps, their genetically closest ancestors. The lowered within of westernized populations has also been associated with different kinds chronic inflammatory diseases humans. To further deepen our knowledge on phylogenetic and ecologic impacts health fitness, we established herein presented biobank as well its comprehensive...
Microbial communities have long been suspected to influence inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal tract of patients with bowel disease. However, these effects are often influenced by treatments and can rarely be analyzed treatment-naïve onset cases. Specifically, microbial differences between IBD pathologies new cases investigated provide novel insight into dynamics microbiota Crohn's disease (CD) ulcerative colitis (UC).Fifty-six (67.3% CD, 32.7% UC) 97 healthy controls were...
Abstract Microbial communities in the intestinal tract are suggested to impact ethiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The human microbiome might modulate neuroinflammatory processes and contribute neurodegeneration AD. However, microbial compositions patients with AD at different stages still not fully characterized. We used 16S rRNA analyses investigate oral fecal microbiota mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 84), at-risk individuals (APOE4 carriers; 17), healthy controls (n 50)...
Metaorganism research contributes substantially to our understanding of the interaction between microbes and their hosts, as well co-evolution. Most is currently focused on bacterial community, while archaea often remain at sidelines metaorganism-related research. Here, we describe archaeome a total eleven classical emerging multicellular model organisms across phylogenetic tree life. To determine microbial community composition each host, utilized combination bacteria-specific 16S rRNA gene...
Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) play a fundamental role in vertebrate immune response and are amongst most polymorphic genes genomes. It is generally agreed that highly nature MHC maintained through host–parasite co-evolution. Two nonexclusive mechanisms selection supposed to act on genes: superiority heterozygous individuals (overdominance) an advantage for rare alleles. However, precise their relative importance still unknown. Here, we examined dependent parasite load...
The FUT2 gene encodes an α-1,2-fucosyltransferase responsible for the expression of ABO histo-blood-group antigens on mucosal surfaces and bodily secretions. Individuals who carry at least one functional allele are known as "secretors", whereas those homozygous loss-of- function mutations "nonsecretors". Nonsecretor individuals more susceptible to chronic inflammatory disorders such Crohn Disease, which may be mediated by alterations in microbiota. Here, we investigated dynamics microbial...
Little is known about the involvement of type 2 immune response-promoting intestinal tuft cells in metabolic regulation. We here examined temporal changes small cell number and activity response to high-fat diet-induced obesity mice investigated relation whole-body energy metabolism phenotype intestine epididymal white adipose tissue. Intake high fat diet resulted a reduction overall numbers epithelial reduced expression markers Il25 Tslp . Amongst &gt;1,700 diet-regulated transcripts...
Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is a rare autoinflammatory bone disease for which lack of bacterial involvement key diagnostic feature to distinguish it from other symptomatically related diseases. However, the growing evidence suggesting an host-associated microbiota in rheumatic disorders together with now wide accessibility modern culture-independent methods warrant closer examination CRMO.In this study, we show through 16S rRNA gene profiling that numerous features...