A5078869255- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Microscopic Colitis
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Gut microbiota and health
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Nosocomial Infections in ICU
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Gastrointestinal disorders and treatments
- Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment
- Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection
- Digestive system and related health
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
2006-2024
University of Cincinnati
2014-2023
Medpace (United States)
2022
University of Louisville
2020-2021
Crohn's and Colitis Foundation
2021
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
2015
University of Wrocław
2014
Wroclaw Medical University
2014
Infectious Diseases Society of America
2013
Procter & Gamble (United States)
2007-2008
<h3>Background</h3> Variability in endoscopic assessment necessitates rigorous investigation of descriptors for scoring severity ulcerative colitis (UC). <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate variation the overall severity, intra- and interindividual descriptive terms to create an Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index Severity which could be validated. <h3>Design</h3> A two-phase study used a library 670 video sigmoidoscopies from patients with Mayo Clinic scores 0–11, supplemented by 10 videos five...
Background & AimsWe studied the reliability of previously described Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index Severity (UCEIS) and validated it with an independent cohort investigators.MethodsWe created a new library 57 videos flexible sigmoidoscopy stratified them based on disease severity. Twenty-five investigators were each randomly assigned to assess 28 (which included 4 duplicates intraobserver reliability). Investigators blinded clinical details except for 2 duplicated (to impact knowledge...
Although intestinal homeostasis is maintained by stem cells (ISCs), regeneration impaired upon aging. Here, we first uncover changes in architecture, cell number, and composition Second, identify a decline the regenerative capacity of ISCs aging because canonical Wnt signaling ISCs. Changes expression Wnts are found themselves their niche, including Paneth mesenchyme. Third, reactivating enhances function both murine human and, thus, ameliorates aging-associated phenotypes an organoid assay....
Etrasimod (APD334) is an oral, selective sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator in development for immune-mediated inflammatory disorders. We assessed the efficacy and safety of etrasimod patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC).In a phase 2, proof-of-concept, double-blind, parallel-group study, adult outpatients modified Mayo Clinic scores (MCSs) (stool frequency, rectal bleeding, endoscopy findings) 4-9, endoscopic subscores 2 or more, bleeding 1 more were...
Bezlotoxumab is a human monoclonal antibody against Clostridium difficile toxin B indicated to prevent C. infection (CDI) recurrence (rCDI) in adults at high risk for rCDI. This post hoc analysis of pooled monocolonal antibodies C.difficile therapy (MODIFY) I/II data assessed bezlotoxumab efficacy participants with characteristics associated increased The population was the modified intent-to-treat who received or placebo (n = 1554) by factors rCDI that were prespecified statistical plan:...
Background and aims: To evaluate the safety efficacy of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide alicaforsen (ISIS 2302) in Crohn's disease. Methods: Active (Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) 200–350), steroid dependent (prednisone 10–40 mg) patients were randomised into three treatment groups: placebo versus ISIS 2302 (2 mg/kg intravenously times a week) for two or four weeks. Patients treated months 3, with withdrawal attempted by week 10....
Delayed-release oral mesalamine 2.4 g/day to 4.8 has been shown be effective in treating mildly moderately active ulcerative colitis (UC), but it is unknown whether an initial dose of more than patients with UC and the subgroup moderate disease.A six-week, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial assessing safety clinical efficacy a new (ASCEND I) medication randomly assigned 301 adults delayed-release (400 mg tablet [n=154]) or (800 [n=147]). The primary end point was overall...
The majority of antibiotic-induced diarrhea is caused by Clostridium difficile ( C. difficile). Hospitalizations for infection (CDI) have tripled in the last decade, emphasizing need to better understand how organism colonizes intestine and maintain infection. mucus provides an interface bacterial-host interactions changes intestinal been linked host health. To assess production composition healthy CDI patients, main mucins MUC1 MUC2 oligosaccharides were examined. Compared with subjects,...
Clostridium difficile infection is the most common health-care-associated in USA. We assessed safety and efficacy of ridinilazole versus vancomycin for treatment C infection.We did a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, non-inferiority study. Participants with signs symptoms positive diagnostic test result were recruited from 33 centres USA Canada randomly assigned (1:1) to receive oral (200 mg every 12 h) or (125 6 10 days. The primary endpoint was achievement sustained...
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is principally responsible for hospital acquired, antibiotic-induced diarrhea and colitis represents a significant financial burden on our healthcare system. Little known about C. proliferation requirements, better understanding of these parameters critical development new therapeutic targets. In cell lines, toxin B has been shown to inhibit Na + /H exchanger 3 (NHE3) loss NHE3 in mice results an altered intestinal environment coupled with transformed...
To determine whether clinical information influences endoscopic scoring by central readers using the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity [UCEIS; comprising 'vascular pattern', 'bleeding', 'erosions and ulcers']. Forty performed 28 evaluations, including 2 repeats, from a library 44 video sigmoidoscopies stratified Mayo Clinic Score. Following training, were randomised to with ['unblinded', n = 20, 4 control videos misleading information] or without ['blinded', 20] information. A...
Departments of Immunology and Medicine, University Alberta, Edmonton, the Multi Organ Transplant Service, Hospital, John P. Robards Research Institute Department Microbiology Immunology, Western Ontario, London, Canada 2 Address correspondence to: Linda M. Pilarski, T6G2H7.
The peptic ulcer heals through a complex process, although the relapse often occurs several years later after healing. Our hypothesis is that even visual evidence of healing gastric ulceration, regenerated epithelium aberrant for an extended interval, increasing susceptibility to damage and further diseases.Gastric ulcers were induced in mice by serosal topical application acetic acid.Gastric acid visually healed within 30 days. However, epithelial architecture was poor. gene profile tissue...
The integrin beta 1 (CD29) is a marker for total very late activation Ag integrins on cells, and exhibits considerable fluctuation in cell surface density at various stages of T development. We have analyzed expression subsets human thymus, cells from healthy babies children, comparison to adults aged 26 75. adult peripheral blood include CD29-, CD29lo, CD29hi set. Compared with adults, PBMC children reduced numbers both CD29lo but equivalent CD29- cells. number increases gradually age,...
Summary Background and aims : To evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics clinical efficacy of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide alicaforsen (ISIS 2302) at 250–350 mg in Crohn's disease. Methods Patients (> 50 kg) with active disease (Crohn's activity index ≥ 220) were assigned by gender, randomly, to two treatment groups: 300 or 350 mg, infused intravenously three times a week for 4 weeks. All patients weighing 36–50 kg received 250 alicaforsen....
This randomized, open-label phase 2a study investigated the safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of olorinab-a highly selective, peripherally acting, full agonist cannabinoid receptor 2-in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) experiencing abdominal pain.Eligible subjects 18-80 years age quiescent to mildly active CD were randomized receive olorinab 25 or 100 mg three times daily for 8 weeks. The primary objective was assess safety/tolerability.Fourteen received (N = 6) 8). Ten...