We examined cerebral lipid peroxidation, estimated by a thiobarbituric acid test, in rat brain regions after 30 minutes of severe forebrain ischemia and at recirculation periods up to 72 hours. The peroxide levels remained unaltered all during the first hour but were selectively increased between 8 hours ischemia-sensitive hippocampus, striatum, cortex. most pronounced increases (30-37%) seen 48 recirculation. In contrast, unchanged infarcted 24 intracarotid injection microspheres,...

To evaluate the contribution of cellular dysfunction and neuronal loss to brain N‐ acetylaspartate (NAA) depletion, NAA was measured in tissue by HPLC UV detection rats subjected cerebral injury, associated or not with cell death. When lesion induced intracarotid injection microspheres, fall related degree embolization severity oedema. striatal local malonate, larger volume, higher depletion. However, reduction oedema treatment lipophilic iron chelator dipyridyl (20 mg/kg, 1 h before every 8...

The pathogenesis of ischemic stroke is a complex sequence events including inflammatory reaction, for which the microglia appears to be major cellular contributor. However, whether post-ischemic activation microglial cells has beneficial or detrimental effects remains elucidated, in particular on long term brain plasticity events. objective our study was determine, through modulation post-stroke response, what extent are involved some specific neuronal plasticity, neurite outgrowth and...

A decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability has been proposed to contribute endothelial dysfunction and increased peripheral resistances during essential arterial hypertension. Given that arginine is a substrate for both arginase NO synthase, activity may be critical factor bioavailability. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the effects of inhibitor alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).Vascular reactivity experiments were performed on thoracic...

There is little reliable population based information about the distribution of risk factors among various ischaemic stroke subtypes, even though determining factor profiles major importance to develop targeted preventive strategies.The first ever subtypes was established in a prospective study conducted Dijon, France (152,606 inhabitants). Cases were collected between January 2005 and December 2006, classified using TOAST classification. Vascular recorded determine profile for each...

Changes in circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were reported patients with or at risk for cardiovascular diseases associated endothelial dysfunction, suggesting a link between BDNF and functionality. However, little is known on BDNF. Our aim was to investigate levels/localization, function, relevance of (western blotting) localization (immunostaining) assessed the heart aorta from rats impaired (spontaneously hypertensive [SHR]), normal (Wistar Kyoto [WKY]), improved...

Lacunar infarcts are usually regarded as benign stroke, but population-based studies required to assess the exact place of this stroke subtype in cerebrovascular pathology.We evaluated trends incidence rates, risk factor profiles, and survival rates symptomatic lacunar from a prospective registry 1989 2006.We recorded 2536 ischemic strokes. Among these, 715 (28%) were (354 men 361 women). From 2006, we observed significant rise 2 sexes considered together (relative risk, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.005...

Whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are measured in the brain animal models of stroke, neurotrophin stroke patients plasma or serum samples. The present study was designed to investigate meaning circulating BDNF patients.Unilateral ischemic induced rats by injection various numbers microspheres into carotid circulation order mimic different degrees severity observed patients. Blood serially collected from jugular vein before and after (4 h, 24 h 8 d) embolization whole...

<b>Background:</b> Atrial fibrillation (AF) is strongly associated with age, and epidemiologic studies are needed to evaluate the impact of both aging population use anticoagulant therapy in patients AF on incidence cardioembolic stroke (CE/AF stroke). <b>Methods:</b> We evaluated trends rates, risk factors, prestroke therapy, survival CE/AF from a prospective population-based registry, 1985 2006. <b>Results:</b> A total 3,064 ischemic strokes, including 572 (18.7%) were recorded. Over 22...

Physical exercise constitutes an innovative strategy to treat deficits associated with stroke through the promotion of BDNF-dependent neuroplasticity. However, there is no consensus on optimal intensity/duration exercise. In addition, whether previous changes effect brain not known. Therefore, present study compared effects a clinically-relevant form cerebral BDNF levels and localization in control versus rats. For this purpose, treadmill (0.3 m/s, 30 min/day, for 7 consecutive days) was...

Because arginase and nitric oxide (NO) synthases (NOS) compete to degrade l-arginine, plays a crucial role in the modulation of NO production. Moreover, 1 isoform is marker M2 phenotype macrophages that play key tissue remodeling resolution inflammation. While has been extensively investigated ischemic stroke, effect stroke on pathway unknown. The present study focuses expression/activity localization before after (1, 8, 15 30 days) photothrombotic model. This model results cortical lesion...

Recent evaluations of agri-environmental schemes have questioned the effectiveness using management prescriptions to achieve intended outcomes. This paper explores an alternative approach delivery biodiversity objectives French farmers. It presents analysis innovative collaborative programme focusing on ecological results rather than prescriptions. In particular, argumentation which this new focus has given rise within community nature managers is examined. reveals re-shaping notion...

Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin largely involved in cognition, is expressed by cerebral endothelial cells led us to explore rats the contribution of microvasculature BDNF found brain tissue and link between cerebrovascular nitric oxide (NO) production.Brain protein levels were measured before after situ removal endothelium was achieved perfusion with 0.2% CHAPS (3-[(3-cholamidopropyl) dimethylammonio]-1-propane sulphonate) solution. mRNA as well NO...

Abstract BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is present in skeletal muscle, controlling muscular metabolism, strength and regeneration processes. However, there no consensus on cellular source. Furthermore, while endothelial tissue expresses large amount, whether cells inside muscle expressed has never been explored. The aim of the study was to provide a comprehensive analysis localization rat muscle. Cellular activated Tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptors studied by...

We examined the efficacy of liposoluble iron chelator 2,2′-dipyridyl (DP) in reducing histological damage rats submitted to cerebral ischemia and mechanisms involved potential cytoprotection. For this purpose, DP (20 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 15 min before 1 h after induction cortical photothrombotic vascular occlusion rat. Histological studies were performed assess infarct volume (at days 3 postischemia) astromicroglial activation day postischemia). Damage endothelial neuronal cells...

The recombinant form of tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is the only curative treatment for ischemic stroke. Recently, t-PA has been linked to metabolism brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a major neurotrophin involved in post-stroke neuroplasticity. Thus, objective our study was investigate impact rt-PA on circulating BDNF levels humans and animals. Serum t-PA/plasmin activity were measured at hospital admission up 90 days stroke patients receiving (n = 24) or not 14) perfusion....

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through TrkB activation is central for brain functioning. Since the demonstration that plasmin able to process pro-BDNF mature BDNF and these two forms have opposite effects on neuronal survival plasticity, a particular attention has been paid link between tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)/plasmin system metabolism. However, t-PA via its action different N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits also considered as neuromodulator of glutamatergic...