Abstract. Inaccurate parameter estimation is a significant source of uncertainty in complex terrestrial biosphere models. Model parameters may have large spatial variability, even within vegetation type. from can be significantly reduced by model–data fusion (MDF), which, however, difficult to implement over region with traditional methods due the high computational cost. This study proposed hybrid modeling approach that couples model data-driven machine learning method, which able consider...

Forest dynamics provide important information on the ecological environment. The Three-North Shelter Program (TNSFP) is one of world's largest reforestation/afforestation programs, however actual changes in forest cover Regions (TNR) China resulting from this program are highly uncertain. This study quantified fractional (FFC) at 30 m using Landsat data 1996 to 2020. Using Google Earth Engine platform, more than 40,000 images Landsat-5, 7 and Landsat-8 were integrated, annual surface...

During clathrin-mediated endocytosis in yeast cells, short actin filaments (< 200nm) and crosslinking protein fimbrin assemble to drive the internalization of plasma membrane. However, organization meshwork during remains largely unknown. In addition, only a small fraction force necessary elongate pinch off vesicles can be accounted for by polymerization alone. this paper, we used mathematical modeling study self-organization rigid presence elastic crosslinkers conditions relevant...

Particulate matter (PM) is a major air pollutant, which has significant impact on public health. Filtration of PM through filters common method to protect the environment. However, effective removal with conventional still remains challenge because its small sizes. Here, we reported formation ultrafine polyamide 6 (PA‐6) nanofiber membranes formed needleless electrospinning, in both relative humidity condition and electrode type were included discussion. The PA‐6S nanofibers by using spiral...

Abstract The Synaptotagmin-like Mitochondrial-lipid-binding Protein (SMP) domain is a newly identified lipid transfer module present in proteins that regulate homeostasis at membrane contact sites (MCSs). However, how the SMP associates with to extract and unload lipids unclear. Here, we performed vitro DNA brick-assisted assays silico molecular dynamics simulations investigate basis of association by extended synaptotagmin (E-Syt), which tethers tubular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plasma...

The development of high-performance flexible pressure sensors with porous hierarchical microstructures is limited by the complex and time-consuming preparation processes microstructures. In this study, a simple modified heat curing process was first proposed to achieve one-step hemispherical on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. process, laser-prepared template used form surface PDMS film. Meanwhile, thermal decomposition glucose monohydrate additive during led formation structures...

Abstract The reduction of aromatic compounds constitutes a fundamental and ongoing area investigation. selective polycyclic to give either fully or partially reduced products remains challenge, especially in applications complex molecules at scale. Herein, we present electrochemical hydrogenation arenes conducted under mild conditions. A noteworthy achievement this approach is the ability finely control both complete partial specific rings within by judiciously varying reaction solvents....

We report the formation of multi-layer nylon-6 (PA-6) nanofibrous membranes by electrostatic spinning coupled with a hot pressing process. The structure and porosity PA-6 were characterized using scanning electron microscope N2 nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherms. show that can be used for efficient continuous indigo dye filtration. Under condition constant pressure at 0.1 MPa dead end filtration, filter period time, filtration efficiency increases increase number layers in membranes....

Preparing hybrid microstructures on flexible substrates is a crucial approach to achieving highly sensitive pressure sensors. However, the preparation of soft materials often faces complex, time-consuming, and costly problems, which hampers advancement Herein, based 3D-printing template household microwave oven, simple, green, one-step irradiation process using glucose porogen applied develop sensor with volcano-sponge-like porous dome structure polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Due easily...

Abstract The elastic properties of membranes are typically characterized by a few phenomenological parameters, including bending and Gaussian curvature moduli measuring the membrane rigidity against its deformation topological change, as well spontaneous arising from asymmetry between two leaflets in lipid bilayers. Though tether-based fluctuation-based experiments commonly utilized to measure modulus, modulus is considered be much more difficult. In this paper, we study buckling process...

During clathrin-mediated endocytosis in yeast cells, a small patch of flat membrane is deformed into tubular shape. It generally believed that the tubulation powered by actin polymerization. However, studies based on quantitative measurement molecules suggest they are not sufficient to produce forces overcome high turgor pressure inside cell. In this paper, we model as viscous 2D fluid with elasticity and study dynamic deformation boundary lipid flow under osmotic pressure. We find absence...

Pd-catalyzed cascade annulation of 2-iodoanilines with N,3-diphenylpropiolamides was achieved, which afforded a series indolo[2,3-c]quinolinones good yields and functional group compatibility. Previously, the retro-synthetic routine for indolo[2,3-c]quinolinone skeleton has often involved intramolecular disconnection C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond at variable positions, necessitates construction an indole or quinoline reactant multiple pre-set functionalities. Meanwhile, using C-H activation strategy to...

1,4-Dicarbonyl compounds are versatile scaffolds for the heterocycle synthesis, including Paal–Knorr reaction. Herein, a feasible electrosynthesis method to access 1,4-dicarbonyl has been developed from simple alkynes and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. When undivided cell is combined with constant current mode, aryl containing numerous medicinal motifs esters or ketones react smoothly. External oxidant catalyst-free conditions conform requirements of green synthesis.

The introduction of porous hierarchical microstructures effectively improves the sensitivity flexible pressure sensors. However, it is difficult to achieve for sensors through inexpensive, efficient, and simple preparation methods. Herein, a hemispherical array with microstructure prepared on polydimethylsiloxane substrate using one‐step microwave curing process glucose as porogen. Furthermore, electrode based combined an ionic liquid polymeric gel membrane obtain capacitive sensor. Thanks...

Abstract Actin has been shown to be essential for clathrin‐mediated endocytosis in yeast. However, actin polymerization alone is likely insufficient produce enough force deform the membrane against huge turgor pressure of yeast cells. In this paper, we used Brownian dynamics simulations demonstrate that crosslinking a meshwork nonpolymerizing filaments able compressive forces. We show can up several thousand pico‐Newtons if crosslinker high stiffness. The decays over time as result turnover,...

The spectral and spatial characteristics of Acousto-Optic Tunable Filters (AOTFs), such as a tuning curve, resolution, angular aperture, diffraction efficiency, are determined by the device's acousto-optic crystal configuration piezoelectric transducer. For high-throughput imaging applications, it is essential to enlarge bandwidth aperture during design phase AOTFs. Thus, mismatch due incident angle or wavelength was studied analytically using diagrams in this paper. Additionally,...

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Ca2+ ions play crucial roles in regulating many chemical and biological processes, but their impact on lipid bilayer membranes remains elusive, especially when the impacts two leaflets are asymmetrical. Using a recently developed multisite model, we performed molecular dynamics simulations to study of properties composed POPC POPS observed that both structure fluidity were significantly affected. In particular, examined influence asymmetrically distributed asymmetric bilayers found...

Walled cells, such as in plants and fungi, compose an important part of the model systems biology. The cell wall primarily prevents from over-expansion when exposed to water, is a porous material distributed with nanosized pores on it. In this paper, we study deformation membrane patch by osmotic pressure through nanopore wall. We find that there exists critical pore size or beyond which cannot stand against would inflate out further expand. scales linearly tension quadratically spontaneous...

Abstract. Inaccurate parameter estimation is a significant source of uncertainty in complex terrestrial biosphere models. Model parameters may have large spatial variability, even within vegetation type. from can be significantly reduced by model-data fusion (MDF), which, however, difficult to implement over region with traditional methods due the high computational cost. This study proposed hybrid modeling approach that couples model data-driven machine learning method, which uses satellite...

Machine learning is a novel and powerful technology has been widely used in various science topics. We demonstrate machine-learning-based approach built by set of general metrics rules inspired physics. Taking advantages physical constraints, such as dimension identity, symmetry generalization, we succeed to the Gell-Mann–Okubo formula using technique symbolic regression. This can effectively find explicit solutions among user-defined observables, be extensively applied studying exotic...

Intracellular pathogens, including all viruses and many bacteria, enter a host cell through either passive endocytosis or active self-propulsion. Though the cellular uptake of particles via endocytic process has been studied extensively, little work done on entry self-propelled such as Listeria monocytogenes. Here, we present theoretical model to investigate adhesive wrapping particle by plasma membrane, find type first-order transition from small partial state large triggered force. The...