Swimming microrobots that are energized by external magnetic fields exhibit a variety of intriguing collective behaviors, ranging from dynamic self-organization to coherent motion; however, achieving multiple, desired modes within one colloidal system emulate high environmental adaptability and enhanced tasking capabilities natural swarms is challenging. Here, we present strategy uses alternating program hematite particles into liquid, chain, vortex, ribbon-like microrobotic enables fast...

A neutrophil-hybrid microrobot is capable of active accumulation close to the brain and penetration across blood-brain barrier.

The T-1000 liquid metal terminator, which can transform and self-repair, represents a dream for decades that robots fundamentally change our daily life. Until now, some large-scale machines have been developed. However, there is no report on nanoscaled their biomedical applications. We describe here shape-transformable fusible rodlike swimming nanomachine, based the biocompatible transformable gallium. These nanomachines were prepared by pressure-filter-template technology, diameter length...

Significance This work proposes reconfigurable multifunctional ferrofluid droplets as soft robots to overcome the limitation of existing magnetically actuated miniature based on elastomers, i.e., they cannot navigate inside very clustered and constrained spaces reconfigure their shapes in situ for diverse tasks, due limited deformability predesigned shapes. We propose a fundamental mechanism controlling large deformation (e.g., splitting) coordinated motions multiple by programming external...

We report a magnetically actuated peanut-shaped hematite colloid motor that can not only move in rolling or wobbling mode fluids but also perform single cell manipulation and patterning noncontact way. The peanut reach maximal velocity of 10.6 μm s–1 under rotating magnetic field 130 Hz 6.3 mT achieve more precisely controllable motion predefined tracks. While mode, the reaches 14.5 conical 80 climb over steep slopes to adapt for complex environments. fluid flow simulation results reveal...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy, which typically kills cells through converting nontoxic oxygen into reactive species using photosensitizers (PSs). However, the existing PDTs are still limited by tumor hypoxia and poor targeted accumulation of PSs. To address these challenges, we here report an acoustically powered magnetically navigated red blood cell-mimicking (RBCM) micromotor capable actively transporting PS for enhanced PDT. The RBCM micromotors...

Abstract Magnetic miniature soft‐bodied robots allow non‐invasive access to restricted spaces and provide ideal solutions for minimally invasive surgery, micromanipulation, targeted drug delivery. However, the existing elastomer‐based (silicone) fluid‐based (ferrofluid or liquid metal) magnetically actuated soft have limitations. Owing its limited deformability, small‐scale robot cannot navigate through a highly environment. In contrast, although are more capable of deformation, they also by...

Magnetic miniature soft robots have shown great potential for facilitating biomedical applications by minimizing invasiveness and possible physical damage. However, researchers mainly focused on fixed-size robots, with their active locomotion accessible only when the cross-sectional dimension of these confined spaces is comparable to that robot. Here, we realize scale-reconfigurable ferrofluidic (SMFRs) based ferrofluid droplets propose a series control strategies reconfiguring SMFR's scale...

Abstract Millimeter-scale soft continuum robots offer safety and adaptability in transluminal procedures due to their passive compliance, but this feature necessitates interactions with surrounding lumina, leading potential medical risks restricted mobility. Here, we introduce a millimeter-scale robot, enabling apical extension while maintaining structural stability. Utilizing phase transition components, the robot executes cycles of tip-based elongation, steered accurately through...

An intrinsic plastic ${\mathrm{Cu}}_{45}{\mathrm{Zr}}_{46}{\mathrm{Al}}_{7}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{2}$ bulk metallic glass (BMG) with high strength and superior compressive strain of up to 32.5% was successfully fabricated by copper mold casting. The attributed a large amount randomly distributed free volume induced Ti minor alloying, which results in extensive shear band formation, branching, interaction self-healing cracks. mechanism plasticity presented here suggests that the creation BMGs...

Recent progress of untethered mobile micromotors has shown immense potential for targeted drug delivery <italic>in vivo</italic>.

Abstract Developing microrobots with multiple deformabilities has become extremely challenging due to the lack of materials that are soft enough at microscale level and inability be reconfigured after fabrication. In this study, it is aimed prove liquid composed ferrofluid droplets inherently deformable they can controlled, individually or in aggregate, programmable deformabilities. For example, liquid‐microrobot monomer (LRM) pass through narrow channels via elongation achieve scaling...

Miniaturization, fast motion, high resolution, agility, and good adaptability are relatively contradictory characteristics in mobile robot design. It is indeed a challenge to satisfy these performances at the same time. Inspired by arthropod metamerism nature, herein, millirobot composed of three piezoelectric segments proposed. The tethered for power, whole size 58 × 44 12 mm; it uses several principles locomotion, can carry loads cross obstacles, also has rapidity agility like centipede...

Abstract A magnetic urchin‐like microswimmer based on sunflower pollen grain (SPG) that can pierce the cancer cell membrane and actively deliver therapeutic drugs is reported. These drug loaded microperforators are fabricated a large scale by sequentially treating natural SPGs with acidolysis, sputtering, vacuum loading. The microswimmers exhibit precise autonomous navigation obstacle avoidance in complex environments via association artificial intelligence. Assemblies of further enhance...

Abstract Many astonishing biological collective behaviors exist in nature, and artificial microrobotic swarms have been developed by emulating these scenarios. However, microswarms typically single structures lack the adaptability that many exhibit to thrive complex environments. Inspired viscoelastic fire ant aggregations using a combination of experiment simulation, strategy trigger ferrofluid droplets into forming exhibiting both liquid‐like solid‐like is reported. By spatiotemporally...

The problem of learning-based control for robots has been extensively studied, whereas the security issue under malicious adversaries not paid much attention to. Malicious can invade intelligent devices and communication networks used in robots, causing incidents, achieving illegal objectives, even injuring people. This article first investigates problems optimal false data injection attack scheduling countermeasure design car-like framework deep reinforcement learning. Using a...

Recent strides in the development of untethered miniature robots have shown advantages diverse actuation methods, flexible maneuverability, and precise locomotion control, which has made attractive for biomedical applications such as drug delivery, minimally invasive surgery, disease diagnosis. However, biocompatibility environmental adaptability are among challenges further vivo due to sophisticated physiological environment. Herein, we propose a biodegradable magnetic hydrogel robot (BMHR)...

In this paper, teleoperated 3-D microassembly of spherical objects with haptic feedback is presented. A dual-tip gripper controlled through a interface used to pick-and-place microspheres (diameter: 4-6 μm). The proposed approach align the spheres based on user-driven exploration object be manipulated. amplitude measurements from cantilevers in dynamic mode. That is, operator perceives contact while freely exploring manipulation area. data recorded during are processed online and generate...

A flexible robotic system (FRS) developed for multiscale manipulation and assembly from nanoscale to microscale is presented. This based on the principle of atomic force microscopy comprises two individually functionalized cantilevers. After reconfiguration, could be used pick-and-place scale several micrometers, as well parallel imaging/nanomanipulation. Flexibilities capabilities were validated by microspheres silicon nanowires build 3-D micro/nanoscale structures in ambient conditions....

A new method for programmable generation and motion control of a snakelike magnetic microrobot swarm (SMS) is presented. The SMS assembled from peanut-shaped hematite colloidal particles (length: ~3 μm, diameter: ~1.5 μm) driven by rotating fields. exhibits dynamic-equilibrium chain that can capture additional microrobots to complete its evolution. Here, the SMS's mechanisms collective are analyzed simulated. Based on an investigation attractive potential, hydrodynamic interactions, viscous...