A5070964118- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Climate variability and models
- Marine and fisheries research
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Geological formations and processes
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Marine and environmental studies
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Underwater Acoustics Research
- Workplace Health and Well-being
- Technostress in Professional Settings
- Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
- Geological and Tectonic Studies in Latin America
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
2005-2017
Kiel University
2006
Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology
2004-2005
University of Miami
1980-2003
We report results from a 1‐year (September 1987 to September 1988) moored current meter array spanning the continental margin off French Guiana near 8° N in western tropical Atlantic. Current profiles were recorded at three sites: shelf break, over mid‐continental slope, and base of rise. Upper level mean currents showed northwestward flowing North Brazil (NBC) offshore retroflection this flow into Equatorial Countercurrent late summer through about January. Generally weak upper flows...
Abstract. Here we present first observations, from instrumentation installed on moorings and a float, of unexpectedly low (<2 μmol kg−1) oxygen environments in the open waters tropical North Atlantic, region where concentration does normally not fall much below 40 kg−1. The low-oxygen zones are created at shallow depth, just mixed layer, euphotic zone cyclonic eddies anticyclonic-modewater eddies. Both types prone to high surface productivity. Net respiration rates for found be 3 5 times...
Observations from the WOCE PCM-1 moored current meter array east of Taiwan for period September 1994 to May 1996 are used derive estimates Kuroshio transport at entrance East China Sea. Three different methods calculating employed and compared. These include 1) a "direct" method that uses conventional interpolation measured currents extrapolation surface bottom estimate structure, 2) "dynamic height" in which temperature measurements moorings on opposite sides channel dynamic height...
Observations from the World Ocean Circulation Experiment PCM-1 moored current meter array in East Taiwan Channel are analyzed and combined with TOPEX/Poseidon altimetry data Parallel Climate Model simulation to study Kuroshio variability relationships westward propagating sea surface height anomalies Philippine Sea. Approximately 60% of total subinertial velocity temperature variance east is associated so-called "transport" "meandering" modes revealed empirical orthogonal function analysis....
A 5.8-year time series of moored current meter observations is used with hydrographic section data, CME model results, and gridded wind fields over the North Atlantic to describe mean structure variability circulation volume transports east Abaco, Bahamas, at 26.5°N. Antilles Current, 5 Sv northward transport, confined against Bahamas boundary in upper 800 m combines approximately 19 Florida Current transport balance Sverdrup interior circulation, does not contribute interhemispheric...
The current system east of the Grand Banks was intensely observed by World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) array ACM-6 during 1993–95 with eight moorings, reaching about 500 km out from shelf edge and covering water column 400-m depth to bottom. More recently, a reduced Institut für Meerskunde (IfM) at Kiel, Germany, four moorings deployed 1999–2001, focusing on deep-water flow near western continental slope. Both sets moored time series, each 22 months long, are combined here for mean...
Current measurements with five repeated moored arrays were carried out from April 1982 to June 1984 across the Florida between West Palm Beach and Grand Bahama Island; a reduced sixth array was continued until 1985. Transport calculated directly by vertical integration of 40-hour low-passed northward current components extrapolation surface using mean shears ova extent mooring. These transports compared well 96 transport sections measured PEGASUS determined cable voltage measurements. During...
Abstract Repeated shipboard observation sections across the boundary flow off northeastern Brazil as well acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) and current-meter records from a moored array deployed during 2000–04 near 11°S are analyzed here for both northward warm water by North Undercurrent (NBUC) above approximately 1100 m southward of Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) underneath. At 5°S, mean nine yields an NBUC transport 26.5 ± 3.7 Sv (Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) along boundary; at five is 25.4 7.4...
A decade of weak convection in the Labrador Sea associated with decreasing water mass transformation, combination advective and eddy fluxes into area, caused significant warming deep waters both central boundary current system along shelf break. The connection to export Deep Water was studied based on moored meter stations between 1997 2009 at exit Sea, near break 53°N. More than 100 year‐long records spanning full column have been analyzed respect high frequency variability, decaying from...
Abstract Over the past 17 years, western boundary current system of Labrador Sea has been closely observed by maintaining 53°N observatory (moorings and shipboard station data) measuring top‐to‐bottom flow field offshore from shelf break. Volume transports for North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) components were calculated using different methods, including gap filling procedures deployment periods with suboptimal instrument coverage. On average Western Boundary Current (DWBC) carries 30.2 ± 6.6...
Moored current measurements of 11‐month duration were carried out in the boundary currents east Madagascar, near 12°S at Cape Amber where mean flows northwestward and 23°S approximately southward. Transports derived from moored depth range 150–1100 m compare reasonably well with those ship sections by Swallow et al. (this issue). At 12°S, very energetic transport variations occur 40‐ to 55‐day‐period band, contributing about 40% total variance, while band fluctuations contribute only 15%...
Results from an interannually forced, 0.08° eddy‐resolving simulation based on the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model, in conjunction with a small but well‐determined transport database, are used to investigate currents and transports associated Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) subpolar North (SPNA). The model results yield consistent warming western SPNA since early 1990s, along mean similar those observed for trans‐basin AMOC across World Circulation Experiment hydrographic...
Moored observations of Kuroshio current structure and transport variability were made across the channel between northeast Taiwan Ryukyu Islands at 24°N from September 19, 1994, to May 27, 1996. This was a cooperative effort United States Taiwan. The moored array designated PCM‐1, for World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) resolving array. dominant occurred on 100‐day timescales is shown by Zhang et al . [2001] be caused warm mesoscale eddys merging with south causing offshore meandering...
The Deep Western Boundary Current east of the Grand Banks has been observed during 1999–2005 by moored current‐meter stations and shipboard current profiling sections. These recent observations can be compared with those a WOCE array deployed 1993–95 at same location. Overall, Water currents reported here do not support suggestions basin‐wide "slowdown" Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.
During April 1987 to June 1988, a four-mooring, transport-resolving current meter array was deployed in section extending 70 km eastward from Abaco, Bahamas, at 26.5°N. Mean currents the upper layer (≤800 m) showed clockwise rotation that appears be associated with small scale, quasi-permanent, anticyclonic gyre centered just northeast or Bahamas. Deep mean were persistenly southward and indicated strong, deep jet, Western Boundary Current (DWBC), reaching core speeds of 20 cm s−1at 2500 m...
Long term mooring observations show a substantial warming of the Deep Labrador Current (DLC) during last decade. In this paper we address question whether these water mass changes are accompanied by comparable in deep western boundary current. Individual estimates alongshore current from moored instruments and transports Lowered ADCP sections indicate systematic increase strength on order 15% mean period prior to 1999 thereafter. A combination measurements allows indexing DLC intensity over
A 1-year time series of volume transport through the Florida Straits near 27 degrees N was derived from an array five subsurface current meter moorings. The estimates, determined on basis constant shear extrapolation velocities to surface, are in good agreement with transports submarine cable and Pegasus measurements. annual cycle 1982-1983 is complicated by large-amplitude fluctuations scales 1 3 weeks, but it does exhibit a maximum summer minimum fall-winter, consistent historical results...
Annual and interannual variations in the Florida Current, Caribbean, subtropical Atlantic are investigated with use of historical sea level differences wind field data. Observational model evidence suggests that seasonal transport cycle Current is locally forced, either upstream Caribbean or downstream over topography. Although at shorter periods bottom pressure fluctuations on left side contribute almost all variance difference across Straits hence transport, this relation does not seem to...
Observational evidence from a two-ship synoptic survey, one-year-long current measurements at four sites, and two independent long-term expendable-baththermograph (XBT) data sets is combined to describe the circulation east of Bahamas. The results indicate that weak Antilles Current actually exists mid-depths, about 300–100 m, with northward transport along this boundary 4 × 106 m3 s−1. However, both dynamic height fields water mass distributions suggest does not represent return flow...
This report is an introduction to the accompanying collection of reports that present results a 2-year period intensive monitoring Florida Current. Both direct observing systems (ship-deployed current profilers and moored meters) indirect (coastal tide gauge stations, bottom pressure arrays, submarine cable, acoustic radar installations) were used measure temperature volume transport.