A5065776020- Birth, Development, and Health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Folate and B Vitamins Research
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Analytical Chemistry and Sensors
- Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
- Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
- Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Peptidase Inhibition and Analysis
University of Toronto
2015-2024
Canada Research Chairs
2020
Faculty (United Kingdom)
2020
Toronto Public Health
2020
Institut Curie
2013
Inserm
2013
Ohio University
2004-2013
University of Zurich
2013
Sapienza University of Rome
2013
Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo
2013
Hyperleptinemia accompanying obesity affects endothelial nitric oxide (NO) and is a serious factor for vascular disorders. NO, superoxide (O(2)(-)), peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) nanosensors were placed near the surface (5+/-2 microm) of single human umbilical vein cell (HUVEC) exposed to leptin or aortic endothelium obese C57BL/6J mice, concentrations calcium ionophore (CaI)-stimulated O(2)(-), ONOO(-) recorded. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression L-arginine in HUVEC measured. Leptin did...
Reactive oxygen species are major determinants of vascular aging. JunD, a member the activated protein-1 family transcription factors, is emerging as gatekeeper against oxidative stress. However, its contribution to reactive homeostasis in vasculature remains unknown.Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation was impaired young and old JunD(-/-) mice (6 22 months old) compared with age-matched wild-type mice. displayed an age-independent decline endothelial nitric oxide release synthase activity...
Most patients with diabetes also have hypertension, a risk factor associated atherothrombotic disease and characterized by endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction loss of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Recent studies suggest possible antihypertensive effect dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibition; however, the underlying mechanism is not understood. In this study, we tested effects DPP4 inhibitor, saxagliptin, on EC function, blood pressure, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1)...
We tested the activity of nebivolol, a beta1-selective blocker with respect to nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO) generation in endothelium normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY rats) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The endothelial effects nebivolol its 2 optical enantiomers were correlated antioxidant compared another beta-blocker, atenolol, agonists synthase (eNOS), calcium ionophore (CI) acetylcholine (ACh). on bioavailability NO ONOO, indicators function dysfunction,...
Aim: Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction contributes to insulin resistance in diabetes and is characterized by reduced nitric oxide (NO) release, increased nitroxidative stress enhanced inflammation. The purpose of this study was test the effect improved postprandial glucose control on EC function insulin-resistant rats as compared fasting (FG) changes.Methods: Obese Zucker were treated with 10 mg/kg/day saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor, for 4 or 8 weeks lean rats. NO...
Abstract Background: Obesity is associated with increased consumption and preference for dietary fat. Experimental models of fat-induced obesity use either lard or vegetable shortening. Yet, there are no direct comparisons these commonly used fat sources, the influence their fatty acid composition, on development diet-induced obesity. Objective: To compare effects hydrogenated vegetable-shortening diets, which differ in weight gain insulin resistance rats. Methods design: Male Wistar rats...
High-intensity exercise (HIEX) suppresses appetite in adults and is thought to be mediated by appetite-regulating hormones. However, the effects of HIEX-induced inflammatory stress biomarkers on control body weight have not been reported children or adults. The objective this study was describe acute HIEX at 70% peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) postexercise selective inflammation, stress, regulatory hormones normal-weight (NW) overweight/obese boys. NW (n = 11) boys aged 10–18 y were...
Elevation of nitric oxide (NO*) can either promote or inhibit ultraviolet B light (UVB)-induced apoptosis. In this study, we determined real-time concentration NO* and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) their role in regulation membrane integrity Nanosensors (diameter 300-500 nm) were used for direct situ simultaneous measurements ONOO(-) generated by UVB cultured keratinocytes mice epidermis. An exposure to immediately at maximal 190 nm followed NO(*) release with a 91 nm. The kinetics UVB-induced...
• Angiotensin II receptor blockers improve endothelial cell-dependent vasodilation in patients with hypertension through suppression of angiotensin type 1 receptors but may have additional and differential effects on nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) function.• The key finding from this study is that (ARBs) differentially enhanced (NO) release a manner influenced by certain genetic variants eNOS. This provides new insights into the ARBs eNOS function are high importance vascular medicine clinical...
High multivitamin (HV, tenfold AIN-93G) gestational diets fed to Wistar rats increase food intake, obesity, and characteristics of metabolic syndrome in the offspring. We hypothesized that methyl vitamins, specifically folate, HV diet contribute obesogenic phenotypes consistent with their epigenetic effects on hypothalamic intake regulatory mechanisms.Male offspring dams AIN-93G high vitamins (HMethyl; B12, B6) (Study 1) recommended folate (HVRF) 2) were compared those from vitamin (RV)...
Abstract Background: The effect of carbohydrate (CHO) foods on blood glucose (BG) is ranked by their glycemic index (GI). Boiled and mashed potatoes (BMPs) are as high GI foods, whereas pasta rice have moderate rankings. objective this study was to compare ad libitum consumption common CHO dishes consumed with meat meal-time food intake post-meal satiety, BG, insulin gut hormones in 11- 13-year-old normal weight children. Methods: Two randomized crossover studies were conducted. At weekly...
Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction contributes to hypertension and mechanisms of atherosclerosis. Agents that improve EC function may provide vascular protection, especially in patients with multiple risk factors. In this study, we examined the effects beta(1)-selective antagonists, nebivolol metoprolol, on renal spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats diabetes.Male SH were treated streptozotocin (STZ) induce type 2 diabetes, followed by treatment or metoprolol at mg/kg/day (vs. vehicle). After...
Background: Folic acid plays an important role in early brain development of offspring, including proliferation and differentiation neural stem cells known to impact the function food intake regulatory pathways. Excess (10-fold) intakes folic gestational diet have been linked increased obesity male rat offspring post-weaning.Objective: The present study examined effects content diets on two hypothalamic neuronal populations, neuropeptide Y (NPY) pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), within pathways...
Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are associated with epigenetic changes of gene expression. However, the relationship between micronutrients, regulation expression, IR during development diet-induced obesity has yet to be defined. Our objective is describe effect micronutrient addition diets on its related genes development.Male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat (HFD) or low-fat (LFD) without multi-vitamin mineral mix (MVM) containing vitamins A, B1, B6, B12, Zn, Se for 9 weeks. Compared LFD...