Excess vitamins, especially folate, are consumed during pregnancy but later-life effects on the offspring unknown. High multivitamin (10-fold AIN-93G, HV) gestational diets increase characteristics of metabolic syndrome in Wistar rat offspring. We hypothesized that vitamin active DNA methylation, accounts for these through epigenetic modification food intake regulatory genes. Male dams fed 10-fold folate (HFol) diet and weaned to recommended (RV) or HFol were compared with those born RV 29...

Abstract Background: Obesity is associated with increased consumption and preference for dietary fat. Experimental models of fat-induced obesity use either lard or vegetable shortening. Yet, there are no direct comparisons these commonly used fat sources, the influence their fatty acid composition, on development diet-induced obesity. Objective: To compare effects hydrogenated vegetable-shortening diets, which differ in weight gain insulin resistance rats. Methods design: Male Wistar rats...

High multivitamin (HV, tenfold AIN-93G) gestational diets fed to Wistar rats increase food intake, obesity, and characteristics of metabolic syndrome in the offspring. We hypothesized that methyl vitamins, specifically folate, HV diet contribute obesogenic phenotypes consistent with their epigenetic effects on hypothalamic intake regulatory mechanisms.Male offspring dams AIN-93G high vitamins (HMethyl; B12, B6) (Study 1) recommended folate (HVRF) 2) were compared those from vitamin (RV)...

Maternal intake of multivitamins or folic acid above the basal dietary requirement alters growth and metabolic trajectory rat offspring. We hypothesized that a modest increase in content maternal diets would alter offspring's phenotype, these effects could be corrected by matching diet with diet. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were placed on control 2.5× acid-supplemented prior to mating during pregnancy lactation. At weaning, pups from each group randomized for 25 weeks. Male dams fed 3.7%...

Abstract n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), derived from marine oils, have been shown to protect against various neurological diseases. However, very little is known about their potential anticonvulsant properties. The objective of the present study was determine whether enrichment brain lipids with PUFA inhibits seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol. We demonstrate that increased levels in transgenic fat‐1 male mice, which are capable de novo synthesis n‐6 PUFA, increases latency...

Abstract In this study, we determined the phospholipid FA composition in mammary gland of transgenic Fat‐1 mouse. This is first animal model developed that can endogenously synthesize n−3 PUFA. The synthesis PUFA achieved through expression fat‐1 transgene encoding for an desaturase from Caenorhabditis elegans , which utilizes n−6 as substrate. Wild‐type and female mice were terminated at 7 wk age fifth was removed. Lipids extracted phospholipids separated by TLC converted to FAME analysis...

Rats fed gestational diets high in multivitamin or folate produce offspring of altered phenotypes. We hypothesized that female rat born to dams a diet folic acid (HFol) have compromised bone health and feeding the same HFol attenuates these effects. Pregnant rats were with either recommended (RFol) 10-fold higher amounts. Female weaned RFol for 17 weeks. maternal resulted lower body weights (6%, P = 0.03) and, after adjusting weight femoral length, smaller area (2%, 0.03), compared control...

The objective was to compare the effect of dairy and nondairy beverages when consumed with carbohydrate at breakfast on subjective appetite, food intake (FI), postprandial glycemia (PPG) in healthy young adults. Twenty-six males females (13 13 females; 23.0 ± 2.6 years; BMI: 22.3 1.5 kg/m2) participated a randomized crossover study. They nonisocaloric amounts (250 mL) almond beverage, soy 1% fat milk, yogurt water (control) cereal 120 min later, an ad libitum meal. Subjective PPG, insulin...

The AIN-93G diets based on soya protein or casein were fed to pregnant Wistar rats from day 3 of gestation and compared for their effects characteristics the metabolic syndrome in male offspring. Pregnant randomised either a (C) (S) diet ( n 12) during only (Expt 1) lactation 2). Male offspring weaned C S 9 weeks 15 In Expt 1, pups born S-fed dams had higher fasting blood glucose (BG), systolic pressure (SBP) diastolic (DBP) at week 4, (BG) response administration P < 0·001) body weight...

High intakes of multivitamins (HV) during pregnancy by Wistar rats increase food intake, body weight, and characteristics the metabolic syndrome in male offspring. In this study, high-fat soluble vitamins were fed combination gestation to test hypothesis that they partially account for effects HV diet. Pregnant (14-16/group) a recommended multivitamin diet (1-fold all vitamins) or vitamin (HFS; 10-fold A, D, E, K) pregnancy. Offspring preference as well expression selected genes hypothalamus...

Background Obesity is associated with increased consumption and preference for dietary fat. Experimental models of fat‐induced obesity use either lard or vegetable shortening. Yet, there are no direct comparisons these commonly used fat sources, the influence their fatty acid composition on development diet‐induced obesity. Objective To compare effects hydrogenated shortening diets, which differ in composition, weight gain insulin resistance rats. Methods Design Male Wistar rats were fed ad...

Rat offspring born to dams fed a high multivitamin diet (HV) are shown have increased risks of obesity and metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that low-vitamin postweaning would enhance these characteristics in HV dams. During pregnancy, Wistar rats were the AIN-93G with or without 10-fold increase vitamin content. In Experiment 1, at weaning, males recommended (RV) 1/3 content (1/3 RV) for 12 weeks. 2, females RV 1/6 35 Body weight was measured on weekly basis, food intake daily 1 h after...

Increasing dairy consumption may be an alternative to weight loss diets. Therefore, we compared the effects of adding 4 servings per day fat‐free and low‐fat products energy restricted (ER, 500 kcal) diet over 8 weeks on body weight, waist circumference satiety hormones in overweight/obese individuals. 36 men women (age: 46±1.19 years; BMI: 30.4±0.46 kg/m 2 ) completed study. By week 8, all participants reduced (‐1.13±0.38 kg; P<0.01) (‐0.70±0.19 cm; P=0.001). Consumption fasting levels...

High multivitamin (HV, 10‐fold AIN‐93G) gestational diets fed to Wistar rats produce offspring with higher food intake, obesity and characteristics of metabolic syndrome. The objective was determine if folate within the HV diet contributes obesogenic phenotype through epigenetic effects on hypothalamic regulatory mechanisms. Male dams normal (NF) (HVNF) were compared those from dams. Offspring weaned a high fat for 8 weeks. HVNF had lower intake (5%, P=0.0005), body weight (4%, P=0.03),...

High multivitamin (10‐fold, HV) or folic acid (Fol) intake alone during pregnancy leads to an obesogenic phenotype in the offspring but its effects on later post‐weaning (PW) weight gain of dams has not been reported. This study investigated whether Fol as a component HV gestational diet affects PW and associates with expression peroxisome‐proliferator activated receptor isoforms (PPAR‐α/β/γ) involved lipid metabolism adipocyte differentiation. Wistar rat were fed AIN‐93G containing either:...

Diet‐induced obesity is known to alter dopamine neurochemistry within central reward circuitry essential for coding the rewarding properties of palatable foods. Our objective was investigate whether high multivitamin (10‐fold, HV) intake during pregnancy alone, which increases post‐weaning (PW) weight gain in Wistar rat dams, affects their (DA) metabolism and related gene expression nucleus accumbens (NAc) when exposed an obesogenic environment. Pregnant rats were fed AIN‐93G diet with...

High multivitamin (10‐fold, HV) diet fed during pregnancy to Wistar rat dams increases food intake and characteristics of metabolic syndrome in their offspring weaned the recommended vitamin (RV) AIN‐93G diet. This study determined if a HV or 10‐ fold high folate (HFol) prevents consequences gestational through epigenetic effects on hypothalamic mechanisms regulating intake. Male were RV, HFol diets for 29 weeks, compared those born RV Food intake, body weight, glucose response load, gene...

The effects of multi‐vitamin supplementation during pregnancy in CD‐1 mice on body weight, glucose regulation and the expression appetite‐regulatory genes hypothalamus offspring were investigated. Pregnant dams fed AIN‐93G diet containing recommended (1V), 2.5‐fold (2.5V) or 5‐fold (5V) vitamin content gestation. Offspring weaned to a high‐fat obesogenic diet, sacrificed at weaning 13 wk post‐weaning. No difference birth weight litter size was observed. Body (BW) fat similar among groups 5V...