A5033090175- Electoral Systems and Political Participation
- Media Influence and Politics
- Social Media and Politics
- Political Influence and Corporate Strategies
- Migration and Labor Dynamics
- Economic Policies and Impacts
- Elite Sociology and Global Capitalism
- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Fiscal Policies and Political Economy
- Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
- Politics and Conflicts in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Middle East
- Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth
- Political Conflict and Governance
- Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
- Migration, Refugees, and Integration
- Russia and Soviet political economy
- Social Policy and Reform Studies
- Judicial and Constitutional Studies
- scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Disaster Management and Resilience
- Gender Politics and Representation
Stanford University
2015-2024
Cornell University
2019-2024
Graduate School USA
2017-2020
University of California, Berkeley
2019
Yale University
2019
Stanford Medicine
2018
Georgetown University
1991-2016
Walsh University
2016
Princeton University
2016
Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars
2016
Author guidelines for journals could help to promote transparency, openness, and reproducibility
While previously polarization was primarily seen only in issue-based terms, a new type of division has emerged the mass public recent years: Ordinary Americans increasingly dislike and distrust those from other party. Democrats Republicans both say that party's members are hypocritical, selfish, closed-minded, they unwilling to socialize across party lines. This phenomenon animosity between parties is known as affective polarization. We trace its origins power partisanship social identity,...
We studied publication bias in the social sciences by analyzing a known population of conducted studies--221 total--in which there is full accounting what published and unpublished. leveraged Time-sharing Experiments Social Sciences (TESS), National Science Foundation-sponsored program researchers propose survey-based experiments to be run on representative samples American adults. Because TESS proposals undergo rigorous peer review, studies sample all exceed substantial quality threshold....
Do voters effectively hold elected officials accountable for policy decisions? Using data on natural disasters, government spending, and election returns, we show that reward the incumbent presidential party delivering disaster relief but not investing in preparedness spending. These inconsistencies distort incentives of public officials, leading to underinvest preparedness, thereby causing substantial welfare losses. We estimate $1 spent is worth about $15 terms future damage it mitigates....
We review advances in the study of retrospective voting, or how citizens evaluate and act on their perceptions government performance. As a whole, recent literature provides more complete nuanced picture voter as sometimes, but not always, effectively incentivizing elected officials to enhance public welfare. Leveraging examples voting areas other than economy, field is heading toward middle ground which voters resemble decision makers many domains. In cases, coherent logic governs voters'...
Do people form relationships based upon political similarity? Past work has shown that social are more politically similar than expected by chance, but the reason for this concordance is unclear. Is it because prefer others, or attributable to confounding factors such as convergence, structures, and sorting on nonpolitical characteristics? Addressing question challenging we typically do not observe partners prior relationship formation. Consequently, leverage domain of online dating. We...
What explains variation in individuals’ opposition to immigration? While scholars have consistently shown cultural concerns be strong predictors of opposition, findings regarding the labor‐market competition hypothesis are highly contested. To help understand these divergent results, we distinguish between prevalence and conditional impact determinants immigration attitudes. Leveraging a targeted sampling strategy high‐technology counties, conduct study Americans’ attitudes toward H‐1B...
When government fails, whom do citizens blame? Do these assessments rely on biased or content-rich information? Despite the vast literatures retrospective voting in political science and attribution psychology, there exists little theory evidence how apportion blame among public officials wake of failure. We designed a survey experiment which respondents ranked seven order much they should be blamed for property damage loss life New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina. manipulated information...
Does information irrelevant to government performance affect voting behavior? If so, how does this help us understand the mechanisms underlying voters' retrospective assessments of candidates' in office? To precisely test for effects information, we explore electoral impact local college football games just before an election, events that has nothing do with and which no response would be expected. We find a win 10 d Election Day causes incumbent receive additional 1.61 percentage points...
Abstract With growing affective polarization in the United States, partisanship is increasingly an impediment to cooperation political settings. But does also affect behavior nonpolitical settings? We show evidence that it does, demonstrating its effect on economic outcomes across a range of experiments real‐world environments. A field experiment online labor market indicates workers request systematically lower reservation wages when employer shares their stance, reflecting preference work...
The past decade has witnessed an explosion of interest in the partisan polarization American electorate. Scholarly investigation this topic coincided with media's portrayal a polity deeply divided along lines. Yet little research so far considered consequences coverage political polarization. We show that media increases citizens' beliefs electorate is polarized. Furthermore, depiction polarized causes voters to moderate their own issue positions but dislike opposing party. These empirical...
Few topics in public opinion research have attracted as much attention recent years partisan polarization the American mass public. Yet, there has been considerably less investigation into whether people perceive electorate to be polarized and patterns of these perceptions. Building on work social psychology, we argue that Americans more with respect policy issues than actually exists, a phenomenon known false polarization. Data from nationally representative probability sample novel...
The use of the World Wide Web to conduct surveys has grown rapidly over past decade, raising concerns regarding data quality, questionnaire design, and sample representativeness. This research note focuses on an issue that not yet been studied: Are respondents who complete self-administered more quickly—perhaps taking advantage participation benefits while minimizing effort—also prone response order effects, a manifestation “satisficing”? I surveyed random US adult population manipulated in...
Do Statistical Reporting Standards Affect What Is Published? Publication Bias in Two Leading Political Science Journals
Policy debates on strategies to end extremist violence frequently cite poverty as a root cause of support for the perpetrating groups. There is little evidence this contention, particularly in Pakistani case. Pakistan's urban poor are more exposed negative externalities militant and may fact be less supportive To test these hypotheses we conducted 6,000‐person, nationally representative survey Pakistanis that measured affect toward four organizations. By applying novel measurement strategy,...
Legislators claim that how they explain their votes matters as much or more than the roll calls themselves. However, few studies have systematically examined legislators’ explanations and citizen attitudes in response to these explanations. We theorize legislators strategically tailor constituents order compensate for policy choices are incongruent with constituent preferences, reinforce congruent. conduct a within‐subjects field experiment using U.S. senators subjects test this hypothesis....
We investigated the effects of Facebook’s and Instagram’s feed algorithms during 2020 US election. assigned a sample consenting users to reverse-chronologically-ordered feeds instead default algorithms. Moving out algorithmic substantially decreased time they spent on platforms their activity. The chronological also affected exposure content: amount political untrustworthy content saw increased both platforms, classified as uncivil or containing slur words Facebook, from moderate friends...
Does Facebook enable ideological segregation in political news consumption? We analyzed exposure to during the US 2020 election using aggregated data for 208 million users. compared inventory of all that users could have seen their feeds with information they saw (after algorithmic curation) and which engaged. show (i) is high increases as we shift from potential actual engagement; (ii) there an asymmetry between conservative liberal audiences, a substantial corner ecosystem consumed...
Abstract Many critics raise concerns about the prevalence of ‘echo chambers’ on social media and their potential role in increasing political polarization. However, lack available data challenges conducting large-scale field experiments have made it difficult to assess scope problem 1,2 . Here we present from 2020 for entire population active adult Facebook users USA showing that content ‘like-minded’ sources constitutes majority what people see platform, although information news represent...
We studied the effects of exposure to reshared content on Facebook during 2020 US election by assigning a random set consenting, US-based users feeds that did not contain any reshares over 3-month period. find removing substantially decreases amount political news, including from untrustworthy sources, which are exposed; overall clicks and reactions; reduces partisan news clicks. Further, we observe produces clear in knowledge within sample, although there is some uncertainty about how this...
Since the inception of American National Election Study (ANES) in 1940s, data have been collected via face-to-face interviewing homes members area probability samples adults, same gold-standard approach used by U.S. Census Bureau, other federal agencies, and some nongovernment researchers for many most high-profile surveys conducted today. This paper explores whether comparable findings about voters elections would be obtained a different, considerably less expensive method: Internet...
Despite great attention to the quality of research methods in individual studies, if publication decisions journals are a function statistical significance findings, published literature as whole may not produce accurate measures true effects. This article examines two most prominent sociology (the American Sociological Review and Journal Sociology) another important though less influential journal ( The Quarterly) for evidence bias. effect .05 level on pattern findings is examined using...
Random Events, Economic Losses, and Retrospective Voting: Implications for Democratic Competence
Does partisan conflict damage citizens’ perceptions of Congress? If so, why has polarization increased in Congress since the 1970s? To address these questions, we unpack “electoral connection” by exploring mass public's attitudes toward via two survey experiments which manipulated characteristics members and Congress. We find that party reduces confidence among citizens across spectrum. However, there exists heterogeneity strength identification with respect to evaluations members....
At a time of high level polarization in C ongress, public opinion surveys routinely find that A mericans want politicians to compromise. When evaluating legislation, does the preference for bipartisanship legislative process trump partisan identities? We it not. conduct two experiments which we alter aspects political context see how people respond parties (not) coming together achieve broadly popular policy goals. Although citizens can recognize bipartisan processes, preferences legislating...