A5039903504- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Humor Studies and Applications
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Intelligence, Security, War Strategy
- Linguistics and Discourse Analysis
- Military History and Strategy
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Literature, Culture, and Criticism
- Diverse Musicological Studies
- Apelin-related biomedical research
- Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Birth, Development, and Health
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Neuroethics, Human Enhancement, Biomedical Innovations
- Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies
Marquette University
2016-2023
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2020-2022
Johns Hopkins University
2020-2022
Indiana University Bloomington
2013
An evolutionary and cognitive account of the addictive mind candy that is humor. Some things are funny-jokes, puns, sitcoms, Charlie Chaplin, The Far Side, Malvolio with his yellow garters crossed-but why? Why does humor exist in first place? do we spend so much our time passing on amusing anecdotes, making wisecracks, watching Simpsons? In Inside Jokes, Matthew Hurley, Daniel Dennett, Reginald Adams offer an perspective. Humor, they propose, evolved out a computational problem arose when...
While pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) signaling in the hypothalamic ventromedial nuclei (VMN) has been shown to regulate feeding, a challenge unmasking role for this peptide obesity is that excess feeding can involve numerous mechanisms including homeostatic (hunger) and hedonic-related (palatability) drives. In these studies, we first isolated distinct drives by developing novel model of binge behavior which homeostatic-driven was temporally separated from driven...
Background Plausible phenotype mechanisms following bariatric surgery include changes in neural and gastrointestinal physiology. This pilot study aims to investigate individual combined neurologic, gut microbiome, plasma hormone pre- versus post-vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), medical weight loss (MWL). We hypothesized post-weight would be associated with central reward system brain connectivity, differences postprandial responses, increased microbiome...
Abstract Light improves cognitive function in humans; however, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying positive effects of light remain unclear. One obstacle is that most rodent models have employed lighting conditions cause deficits rather than improvements. Here we developed a mouse model where function, which provides insight into light. To increase exposure without eliminating daily rhythms, exposed mice to either standard photoperiod or long day photoperiod. Long days enhanced...
Abstract Objective Patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) display increased levels of oxidative stress that correlates disease severity. Unfortunately, the biological ramifications AN‐induced on brain are largely unknown. Our lab uses preclinical activity–based anorexia (ABA) paradigm to model symptoms AN. The goal present study was determine how ABA experience affects state and its consequences in adolescent female rats. Method We compared systemic glutathione cysteine plasma concentrations...
Leptin signaling pathways, stemming primarily from the hypothalamus, are necessary for maintaining normal energy homeostasis and body weight. In both rodents humans, dysregulation of leptin leads to morbid obesity diabetes. Since resistance is considered a primary factor underlying obesity, understanding regulation could lead therapeutic tools provide insights into causality obesity. While actions in some hypothalamic regions such as arcuate nuclei have been characterized, less known about...
The importance of neuronal glutamate to synaptic transmission throughout the brain illustrates immense therapeutic potential and safety risks targeting this system. Astrocytes also release glutamate, clinical relevance which is unknown as range functions reliant on signaling from these cells hasn't been fully established. Here, we investigated system xc- (Sxc), a mechanism with an in vivo rodent expression pattern that restricted astrocytes. As most animals do not express Sxc, first compared...
As patients with anorexia nervosa tend to "like" palatable tastants less than controls, we set out model this preclinically by using the taste reactivity test (TRT) assess hedonic state in rats following weight restoration from a bout of activity-based (ABA).Female (n = 31) were surgically implanted an intraoral catheter, which allowed experimenters baseline TRT six tastants. Following TRT, animals either exposed condition (ABA; 1.5HR chow/ad lib wheel until 25% loss), kept sedentary (SED;...
Dans cet article, nous dressons un inventaire des phénomènes qu’une théorie de l’humour devrait expliquer. La première partie fait valoir que est une propriété qui s’attache à certains événements mentaux, plutôt qu’à objets du monde (les blagues, par exemple). Nous signalons l’une conséquences ce : les prises isolément, ne sont pas phénomène universel. suggérons également que, même s’il se peut certaines formes rire soient déclenchées situations n’ont rien d’humoristique, il existe lien...
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We aim to discover safer and more effective therapeutics for CNS disorders. Current therapeutic development is hindered by dosing out drugs safe consumption. By identifying proteins with narrow functional roles in the brain (i.e., behavioral control), we can develop targeting these improved treatment safety efficacy. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: focused on an evolutionarily new, non-neuronal, non-synaptic glutamate signaling mechanism, system xc- (Sxc). Sxc activity was...