A5028253446- HIV Research and Treatment
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Respiratory viral infections research
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Hepatitis C virus research
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Infection Control in Healthcare
- Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
Saint Louis University
2014-2023
VA St. Louis Health Care System
2016-2021
Biology of Infection
2018
Engineering Associates (United States)
2018
St. Louis VA Medical Center
1994-2008
UCLouvain Saint-Louis Brussels
1992-2007
Veterans Health Administration
1991-2006
United States Department of Veterans Affairs
1987-2004
Johns Hopkins University
1994-1998
Vanderbilt University
1994-1998
Clinical studies have been inconclusive about the effectiveness of N95 respirators and medical masks in preventing health care personnel (HCP) from acquiring workplace viral respiratory infections.To compare effect vs for prevention influenza other infections among HCP.A cluster randomized pragmatic study conducted at 137 outpatient sites 7 US centers between September 2011 May 2015, with final follow-up June 2016. Each year 4 years, during 12-week period peak illness, pairs (clusters)...
Phase I studies of volunteers not infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 HIV-1) have shown that immunization envelope subunit vaccine products elicits antibodies neutralize laboratory-adapted (prototype) HIV-1 strains in vitro. Prototype are adapted to grow continuous (neoplastic) cell lines and more susceptible neutralization than primary isolates cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In this study, 50 sera from nine phase trials 16 HIV-1-infected persons were evaluated...
Influenza-associated morbidity and mortality has not decreased in the last decade, despite increased receipt of vaccine. To improve immunogenicity influenza vaccine, a high-dose (HD) trivalent, inactivated vaccine was developed.A multicenter, randomized, double-blind controlled study conducted to compare HD (which contains 60 microg hemagglutinin per strain) with licensed standard-dose (SD) 15 adults > or = 65 years age.HD administered 2575 subjects, SD 1262 subjects. There statistically...
Human coronaviruses (HCoV) are common causes of respiratory illnesses (RI) despite preexisting humoral immunity. Sera were obtained near the onset RI and 3 to 4 weeks later as part a prospective study 200 subjects evaluated for from 2009 2013. Antibodies against HCoV strains measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay neutralization comparing older adults with cardiopulmonary diseases (99 subjects) younger, healthy (101 subjects). Virus shedding was detected in secretions polymerase chain...
A safety and immunogenicity trial was conducted in vaccinia-immune vaccinia-naive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-uninfected adults who were randomized to receive 10(6) or 10(7) TCID50 of canarypox (ALVAC) vector expressing HIV-1MN gp160 10(5.5) ALVAC-rabies glycoprotein control at 0 1 2 months ALVAC-gp160 50 microg HIV-1SF2 recombinant (r) gp120 microfluidized emulsion 9 12 months; others received rgp120 0, 1, 6, months. All vaccines well-tolerated. Neither status before vaccination nor...
Little is known about the prevalence of mucosal antibodies induced by infection with human coronaviruses (HCoV), including HCoV-229E and -OC43 recently described strains (HCoV-NL63 -HKU1). By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we measured anti-HCoV IgG in serum IgA nasal wash specimens collected at seven U.S. sites from 105 adults aged 50 years older (mean age, 67 ± 9 years) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most patients (95 [90%]) had least one more More antibody to each HCoV strain...
Objective: To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombinant envelope glycoprotein (rgp160) candidate vaccine in humans. Subjects: Healthy adults (72) who were seronegative for HIV-1 randomly assigned to one four groups. Interventions: The subjects receive 40 or 80 µg rgp160,10 hepatitis B vaccine, placebo three doses (on days 0, 30, 180), with an elective, nonblinded administration fourth dose on day 540. Measurements Main Results:...
Tuberculous spondylitis in the United States is a disease of decreasing incidence and, when compared to that developing nations, affects an older population. The thoracic and lumbar spine most frequently involved, advanced several vertebrae may be destroyed with resulting significant morbidity mortality. usual clinical presentation consists fever, back pain, nonspecific systemic symptoms varying duration. More presents neurological deficits, kyphotic deformities spinal column, paravertebral...
Induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells is considered one the important correlates for protective efficacy candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines. To induce lymphocytes (CTLs) along with neutralizing antibody and CD4+ cell help, a live canarypox construct expressing gp120, transmembrane gp41, gag protease genes, sequences containing CTL epitopes in nef pol was given simultaneously with, or followed by, rgp120 SF2. CTLs were detected 61% volunteers at some time during...
Objective: To determine the ability of live attenuated canarypox virus expressing HIV antigens to induce CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses and prime for neutralizing antibody boosting with purified recombinant gp120 subunit vaccine. Design: A prospective, double-blind, randomized, immunogenicity safety study was conducted in healthy adults at low risk acquiring infection who were seronegative HIV. Methods: T-cells directed against Env or Gag target cells measured after canarypox-HIV-1 vaccine...
Journal Article Augmentation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Neutralizing Antibody by Priming with gp160 Recombinant Vaccinia and Boosting in Vaccinia-Naive Adults Get access Barney S. Graham, Graham Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Dept. Medicine, Division Infectious Diseases, A-3310 MCN, Vanderbilt University School Nashville, TN 37232. Search for other works this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas J. Matthews, Matthews Robert B. Belshe, Belshe Mary Lou Clements,...
Live attenuated viral vectors that express human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigens are being developed as potential vaccines to prevent HIV infection. The first phase 2 trial with a canarypox vector (vCP205, which expresses gp120, p55, and protease) was conducted in 435 volunteers without gp120 boosting, expand the safety database compare immunogenicity of who were at higher risk lower for Neutralizing antibodies MN strain stimulated 94% given vCP205 plus 56% alone. CD8+ cytotoxic T...
• To assess the implications of meningitis in a more mature population, we reviewed records patients with meningitis: 71 aged 50 years and older 138 15 to 49 years. Among 54 (76%) had bacterial, nine (13%) granulomatous, eight (11%) aseptic meningitis. cases bacterial age group,<i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>accounted for 24% (13/54) enteric bacilli accounted 17% (9/54). Serious complications occurred 38 elderly (70%) meningitis, mortality 24 (44%). In younger group complication rate were...
The safety and immunogenicity of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp160 recombinant vaccinia (HIVAC-1e) vaccine was evaluated in vaccinia-naive, healthy adults at low risk for acquiring HIV-1 infection. Volunteers (n = 36) were randomized to receive HIVAC-1e or control two dosages by bifurcated needle puncture 0 2 months; 12 6 recipients received either 10(6) 10(7) pfu/mL each inoculation. There no significant difference lesion size, level viral replication, systemic symptoms...
We prospectively followed inpatients receiving treatment for pressure sores to identify the better of two local regimens. Twenty-seven patients with 76 received hydrocolloid dressings (HCDs) and 25 52 Dakin's solution (chloramine-T)-soaked wet-to-dry dressings. Thirty-eight (73%) initially had severe nutritional depletion. The mean serum albumin value sore groups was lower than that an age-matched group without sores. In HCD group, 66 (86.8%) improved compared 36 (69.2%) in group. regimen...
The clinical features and incidence of human coronavirus (HCoV) infections in chronically ill older adults need better definition.HCoV infection was determined on the basis a 4-fold increase serum antibody detection HCoV by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Laboratory-documented influenza (LDI) detected serologic assay culture. illnesses were compared with other acute respiratory identified active surveillance, during 1998-99 winter respiratory-virus season, 2215 patients...
We conducted a randomized, controlled, multicenter, phase II study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of an investigational intradermal (ID) trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) high-dose (HD) intramuscular (IM) TIV in older adults (≥65 years age). Older adult subjects were immunized with ID containing either 15μg hemagglutinin (HA)/strain (n=636) or 21μg HA/strain (n=634), HD IM 60μg (n=320), standard-dose (SD) (Fluzone(®); HA/strain; n=319). For comparison, younger (18-49 age) SD...
A recombinant human immunodeficiency virus 1 IIIB (HIV-1IIIB) gp120 subunit vaccine (IIIB-rgp120/HIV-1, Genentech) was tested for safety and immunogenicity in a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase-I trial. HIV-1-seronegative adult volunteers received three 100 micrograms or 300 doses of IIIB-rgp120/HIV-1 alum adjuvant (10 vaccinees each group), alone (8 vaccinees), at 0, 4, 32 weeks by intramuscular injection. The injections were well tolerated both groups. Antibodies that...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has been recognized recently as an important adult pathogen. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was designed to compare humoral responses licensed trivalent influenza vaccine given concomitantly with 1 of 2 RSV formulations in persons > or =65 years old cardiopulmonary disease. Hemagglutinin-inhibition assays and neutralization were used measure levels antibody RSV, respectively. Subjects respiratory illnesses during subsequent winters...
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of mandatory and nonmandatory influenza vaccination policies on rates symptomatic absenteeism among healthcare personnel (HCP). DESIGN Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING This study took place at 3 university medical centers with 4 Veterans Affairs (VA) systems policies. PARTICIPANTS The included 2,304 outpatient HCP sites 1,759 sites. METHODS incidence duration in settings, participating Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial both...
To test the safety and immunogenicity of a high-titered preparation ALVAC-HIV vCP205 in both high-risk low-risk persons to evaluate variations dosing schedule, we conducted multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial this vector combination with recombinant subunit gp120 150 HIV-1-seronegative volunteers. The ALVAC vaccine was well tolerated; adverse events were minimal not influenced by dosing. At day 728, cumulative probability cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response 76% (95% confidence...