A5087353199- Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders
- Connexins and lens biology
- Glaucoma and retinal disorders
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Amino Acid Enzymes and Metabolism
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Multisensory perception and integration
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Axon Guidance and Neuronal Signaling
Johns Hopkins University
2015-2023
Johns Hopkins Medicine
2015-2023
Salk Institute for Biological Studies
2005-2019
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2006-2019
University of Baltimore
2019
Illinois College
2018
University of California, San Diego
2007-2016
National University College
2016
Kyungpook National University
2016
Seoul National University
2016
Insect embryos, with their relatively simple nervous systems, provide a model system which to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying cell recognition during neuronal development. Such an approach can take advantage of accessible cells grasshopper embryo genes Drosophila. The growth cones identified neurons express selective affinities for specific axonal surfaces; such specificities give rise stereotyped patterns fasciculation common both species. These other results suggest...
The cerebellar vermis, long associated with axial motor control, has been implicated in a surprising range of neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive affective functions. Remarkably little is known, however, about the specific cell types neural circuits responsible for these diverse Here, using single-cell gene expression profiling anatomical circuit analyses vermis output neurons mouse fastigial (medial cerebellar) nucleus, we identify five major classes glutamatergic projection...
1. This study investigates the contribution of optic tectum in encoding metric and kinetic properties saccadic head movements. We describe dependence movement components (size, direction, speed) on parameters focal electrical stimulation barn owl's tectum. The results demonstrate that both site amount activity can influence saccade metrics kinetics. 2. Electrical elicited rapid movements closely resembled natural made response to auditory visual stimuli. kinetics these were similar those eye...
The cerebellum funnels its entire output through a small number of presumed glutamatergic premotor projection neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei and GABAergic that feed back to inferior olive. Here we use transgenic mice selectively expressing green fluorescent protein glycinergic demonstrate many medial (fastigial) are fact glycinergic, not as previously thought. These exhibit similar firing properties neighboring receive direct input from both Purkinje cells excitatory fibers....
<h3>Background/aims</h3> Patients with vestibular disease have been observed to concomitant cognitive and psychiatric dysfunction. We evaluated the association between vertigo, impairment conditions in a nationally representative sample of US adults. <h3>Methods</h3> performed cross-sectional analysis using 2008 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which included Balance Dizziness Supplement, questions about function comorbidity. (memory loss, difficulty concentrating, confusion)...
Vestibular function declines with age, and emerging evidence suggests that vestibular loss is associated cognitive impairment. Whether dysfunction age-related decline unknown.We used data from the 1999-2002 National Health Nutrition Examination Surveys to evaluate influence of on performance in a nationally representative sample U.S. adults aged ≥60 years (n = 1,303). was measured modified Romberg test, by digit symbol substitution (DSS) score test. We also developed structural equation...
Behavioral reflexes can be modified by experience via mechanisms that are largely unknown. Within the circuitry for vestibuloocular reflex (VOR), neurons in medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) show adaptive changes firing rate responses correlated with VOR gain (the ratio of evoked eye velocity to input head velocity). Although synaptic strength typically assumed underlie VOR, modulation intrinsic ion channels dictate could also play a role. Little is known, however, about how channel function...
Vision during early life plays an important role in calibrating sound localization behavior. This study investigates the effects of visual deprivation on and neural representation auditory space. Nine barn owls were raised with eyelids sutured closed; one owl was congenitally anophthalmic. Data from these birds compared data normal experience. Sound behavior significantly less precise blind-reared than owls. The scatter errors particularly large elevation, though it abnormally both...
Identification of marker genes expressed in specific cell types is essential for the genetic dissection neural circuits. Here we report a new strategy classifying heterogeneous populations neurons into functionally distinct and identifying associated genes. Quantitative single-cell expression profiling related to neurotransmitters ion channels enables functional classification neurons; transcript profiles gene candidates identify molecular handles manipulating each type. We apply this mouse...
The identification of neuron types within circuits is fundamental to understanding their relevance behavior. In the vestibular nuclei, several classes neurons have been defined in vivo on basis activity during behavior, but it unclear how those correspond identified slice preparations. By targeting recordings labeled transgenic mouse lines, this study reveals that continuous distribution intrinsic parameters observed medial nucleus (MVN) can be neatly subdivided into two populations neurons,...
To fire at high rates, neurons express ionic currents that work together to minimize refractory periods by ensuring sodium channels are available for activation shortly after each action potential. Vestibular nucleus operate around baseline firing rates and encode information with bidirectional modulation of up several hundred Hz. determine the mechanisms enable these sustain were measured during using potential clamp technique in vestibular acutely dissociated from transgenic mice. Although...
The cerebellum influences behavior and cognition exclusively via Purkinje cell synapses onto neurons in the deep cerebellar vestibular nuclei. In contrast with rich information available about organization of cortex its synaptic inputs, relatively little is known microcircuitry postsynaptic to cells. Here we examined types microcircuits through which cells influence an oculomotor controlled by cerebellum, horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex, involves only two eye muscles. Using a combination...
Large conductance K + (BK) channels are a key determinant of neuronal excitability. Medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons regulate eye movements to ensure image stabilization during head movement, and changes in their intrinsic excitability may play critical role plasticity the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Plasticity MVN is mediated by kinases, BK influence excitability, but whether endogenous directly modulated kinases unknown. Double somatic patch-clamp recordings from revealed large...
To describe the ocular motor abnormalities in 9 patients with a lesion involving nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH), key constituent of vestibular-cerebellar-brainstem neural network that ensures eyes are held steady all positions gaze.We recorded eye movements, including vestibulo-ocular reflex during head impulses, vertigo and NPH.Our showed an ipsilesional-beating spontaneous nystagmus, horizontal gaze-evoked nystagmus more intense on looking toward ipsilesional side, impaired pursuit to...
The cerebellum controls motor learning via Purkinje cell synapses onto discrete populations of neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei and brainstem vestibular nuclei. In circuitry that subserves vestibulo-ocular reflex, postsynaptic targets cells, termed flocculus target (FTNs), are thought to be a critical site learning. Little is known, however, about intrinsic cellular properties FTNs, which sparsely distributed medial nucleus. To identify these neurons, we used L7 promoter express...