Ulcerative colitis (UC) is considered an immune disease, which related to the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and disorders host system metabolism. Sophora flavescens Aiton has been used for clinical treatment UC in China East Asia thousands years. It many traditional prescriptions modern preparations, its curative effects are definite. We first report that flavonoids (S. flavescens) EtOAc extract (SFE) could potentially attenuate dextran sodium sulfate-induced mice, changed current...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease. Sophora flavescens ( S. ), also named Kushen, famous Chinese herbal medicine that has been used to prevent and cure T2DM both in folk medical institution. However, its mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, the pharmacodynamic effects EtOAc extract (SFE) on high-fat diet low-dose streptozotocin-induced rats were examined. Fecal metabolomics analysis 16S rRNA gene sequencing applied determine influence SFE treatment...

Waxy starches from cereal grains contain >90% amylopectin due to naturally occurring mutations that block amylose biosynthesis. have unique organoleptic characteristics (e.g. sticky rice) as well desirable physicochemical properties for food processing. Using isogenic pairs of wild type sorghum lines and their waxy derivatives, we studied the effects in whole grain context on human gut microbiome. In vitro fermentations with stool microbiomes show beneficial taxonomic metabolic signatures...

We cloned the rpoN (ntrA and glnF) gene encoding sigma(54) from phytopathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. maculicola strain ES4326. The P. ES4326 complemented aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella aerogenes mutants for a variety of mutant phenotypes, including inability to utilize nitrate as sole nitrogen source. DNA sequence analysis revealed that deduced amino acid was most similar (86% identity; 95% similarity) protein encoded by putida gene. A marker exchange protocol used construct an...

Abstract A large‐scale outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) occurred in Shanghai, China, early December 2022. To study the incidence and characteristics otitis media with effusion (OME) complicating SARS‐CoV‐2, we collected 267 middle ear (MEE) samples 172 nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs from patients. The SARS‐CoV‐2 virus was detected by RT‐PCR targeting. virus, angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE2), transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) expression human...

Imbalance of Th1/Th2 pro-inflammatory cytokines plays an important role in the development and progression IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Clinical exacerbation IgAN are frequently preceded by episodes upper respiratory tract infection, palatine tonsils represent predominant immunocompetent tissue tract. This study examined tonsillar lymphocytes who suffered from tonsillitis (n = 22), using derived patients with chronic 24) but without renal disease as a control. We identified polarization toward...

Polyphenol extracts from red raspberry (RR) whole fruit or pulp, but not seed, attenuate high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity in mice. Because host metabolism is linked to the microbiota, we investigated effects of polyphenols RR fruit, and seed on microbiome. significantly decreased abundance specific taxa that were increased during HF feeding relative a low-fat diet, including Ruminococcus an unclassified genus Clostridiales. Compared pulp Roseburia levels Mogibacteriaceae. uniquely...

<b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> Clinical development and exacerbation of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) are frequently preceded by episodes upper respiratory tract infection such as tonsillitis. This study aimed to determine the role interleukin-4 (IL-4)/signal transducer activator transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling pathway homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) in aberrant IgA1 <i>O</i>-glycosylation production, identify potential therapeutic targets IgAN....

One new flavanonol 4 H-​1-​benzopyran-​4-​one,2-​(4-​hydroxyphenyl)​-​3,​7-​dihydroxy-​5-​methoxy-​8-​[5-​methyl-​2-​(1-​methylethenyl)​-​4-​hexenyl]​(21), and twenty-six known compounds 1-20, 22-27 were isolated from the dried root of Sophora flavescens (S. flavescens) in this chemical study. Their structures elucidated according to spectroscopic spectrometric methods. All evaluated for their cytotoxicity against lung cancer A549 cells colon HCT116 cells. Among them, compound 21 showed...

Abstract In previous studies, it was revealed that ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extracts from Sophora flavescens Ait. improved glucose tolerance, reduced hyperglycemia, and restored insulin levels in diabetic patients. The aim of this study to develop an accurate sensitive UHPLC–MS method for simultaneous determination flavonoids EtOAc Kushen rat plasma. Ethyl acetate–acetonitrile (2:1) selected as the solvent extract four A BEH C 18 column (2.1 mm × 100 mm, 1.7 μm) with a guard cartridge chosen...

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are carboxylic that contain fewer than six carbons and the metabolites of intestinal flora. SCFAs participate in almost all circulatory system components regulate physiological functions an organism. In addition, these compounds recognized to be important gut homeostasis metabolic disease occurrence. The comprehensive analysis feces is challenging due their large polarity differences, wide concentration range complex matrix. Most existing analytical methods...

The new probabilistic approaches to the natural language conditional imply that there is a parallel relation between indicative conditionals "if s then b" and bets "I bet $1 if in two aspects. First, probability of an winning are both probability, P(s|b). Second, have third value "void" (neither true nor false, neither wins loses) when antecedent false (¬s)Second, cases which (¬s) do not make or losing outcomes for bets. These aspects been found Western participants. In present studies, we...

Abstract Background: Waxy starches contain >90% amylopectin and are derived from grain crops carrying naturally-occurring mutations that block amylose biosynthesis. The absence of in waxy produces unique physiochemical properties desirable for food processing, but the effects increased amylopectin/amylose ratios on gut microbiome physiological characteristics host not well characterized. Here, we used a whole-grain model with isogenic pairs wild type sorghum lines their derivatives to...

Dietary polyphenols such as ellagitannins undergo microbial conversion to yield urolithins, which improve insulin sensitivity. However, feeding ellagic acid-containing foods sometimes yields variable levels of metabolic improvements in humans, suggesting that some individuals may not harbor the specific microbes responsible for transforming acid (EA) into urolithins. One species gut bacteria, Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens (G. uro), has been shown convert EA urolithins vitro. role G. uro...

To read the full abstract: Diabetes. 2019 Aug;68(8):1604–1613. doi: 10.2337/db18-1308. Epub May 24. PMID: 31127056

This study (NCT05588531) aimed to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of cefepime-avibactam (YK-1169) in healthy Chinese subjects explore optimal regimen for treating carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation.YK-1169 single-ascending doses (0.5, 1.25, 2.5 or 3.75 g, 2-h infusion) multiple (2.5 g every 8 h [q8h], given 7 days were evaluated pharmacokinetic studies. Subjects randomized receive cefepime (2 g), avibactam (0.5 g)...

Red raspberry (RR) polyphenols, including ellagic acid and their gut-derived metabolites, the urolithins, reduce inflammation improve insulin sensitivity. However, it is unknown whether gut microbiota responsible for these health benefits why certain individuals do not transform into urolithins. Here, we determined causative role microbiome in mediating from RR polyphenols using germ-free conventionalized mouse models of diet-induced obesity. We also tested Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens (G....