A5029006978- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Respiratory and Cough-Related Research
- Occupational exposure and asthma
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Noise Effects and Management
- Health, psychology, and well-being
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Occupational and environmental lung diseases
- School Health and Nursing Education
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Health and Wellbeing Research
- Health disparities and outcomes
- Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Occupational Health and Safety Research
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Newcastle University
2025
Royal Victoria Infirmary
2025
FibroGen (United States)
2021-2024
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
2021-2024
University of Manchester
2021-2024
James Cook University Hospital
2023-2024
University of Liverpool
2017-2020
Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2020
Royal Liverpool University Hospital
2017
University of California, San Francisco
2004-2016
Many patients with asthma have uncontrolled disease despite treatment inhaled glucocorticoids. One potential cause of the variability in response to is heterogeneity role interleukin-13 expression clinical phenotype. We hypothesized that anti–interleukin-13 therapy would benefit who had a pretreatment profile consistent activity.
No single pulmonary-specific variable, including the severity of hypoxemia, has been found to predict risk death independently when measured early in course acute respiratory distress syndrome. Because an increase pulmonary dead-space fraction described observational studies syndrome, we systematically illness and evaluated its potential association with death.
Objectives: To evaluate the association between interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and interleukin-10 clinical outcomes including mortality in patients with acute lung injury to determine whether lower tidal volume ventilation was associated a decrease plasma cytokines injury. Design: Multiple-center, randomized trial. Setting: Intensive care units ten university centers. Patients: The study included 861 enrolled National Heart, Lung Blood Institute Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Clinical...
Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) are recommended in patients with asthma that is not well-controlled; however, many continue to have inadequately controlled despite this therapy. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy safety of omalizumab severe who receiving high-dose ICS LABAs, or without additional controller Design: Prospective, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov registration...
Objective: Studies from single centers have suggested that mortality acute lung injury (ALI) has declined over time. However, recent trends in ALI across the United States are unknown. We sought to determine whether advances treatment of and related critical illnesses resulted decreased ALI. Design: Retrospective cohort study patients enrolled Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Network randomized controlled trials. Setting: Adult intensive care units participating ARDS Patients:...
To determine whether baseline plasma levels of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a novel marker alveolar type I cell injury, are associated with severity and outcomes acute lung RAGE affected by lower tidal volume ventilation.Measurement from 676 subjects enrolled in large randomised controlled trial ventilation injury.Higher was increased injury. In addition, higher mortality (OR death 1.38 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.68) per 1 log increment RAGE; p = 0.002) fewer ventilator...
<h3>Background</h3> Psychological functioning is an important determinant of health outcomes in chronic lung disease. To better define the role anxiety obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a study was conducted inter-relations between and COPD large cohort subjects with matched control group. <h3>Methods</h3> Data were used from FLOW (Function, Living, Outcomes, Work) patients (n=1202) controls without (n=302). Anxiety measured using subscale Hospital Depression Scale. <h3>Results</h3>...
BackgroundThe Epidemiologic Study of Xolair (omalizumab): Evaluating Clinical Effectiveness and Long-term Safety in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Asthma (EXCELS) assessed the long-term safety omalizumab a clinical practice setting as part phase IV US Food Drug Administration postmarketing commitment.ObjectiveWe sought to evaluate omalizumab-treated nonomalizumab-treated patients. Primary outcome measures focused on assessment malignancies.MethodsEXCELS was prospective observational cohort...
Context.—The association between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and respiratory symptoms has not been well established in adults.Objective.—To study the health of bartenders before after legislative prohibition smoking all bars taverns by state California.Design.—Cohort interviewed prohibition.Setting Participants.—Bartenders at a random sample San Francisco.Main Outcome Measures.—Interviews assessed symptoms, sensory irritation ETS exposure, personal smoking, recent upper tract...
Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is attributed predominantly to tobacco smoke, occupational exposures are also suspected risk factors for COPD. Estimating the proportion of COPD attributable occupation thus an important public health need. A randomly selected sample 2,061 US residents aged 55-75 yrs completed telephone interviews covering respiratory health, general status and history. Occupational exposure during longest-held job was determined by self-reported vapours,...
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), which contains potent respiratory irritants, may lead chronic airway inflammation and obstruction. Although ETS exposure appears cause asthma in children adults, its role causing COPD has received limited attention epidemiologic studies.Using data from a population-based sample of 2,113 U.S. adults aged 55 75 years, we examined the association between lifetime risk developing COPD. Participants were recruited all 48 contiguous states by random...
In patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a recent ARDS Network randomized controlled trial demonstrated that low tidal volume (Vt) mechanical ventilation strategy (6 ml/kg) reduced mortality by 22% compared traditional (12 ml/kg). this study, we examined the relative efficacy of Vt among 902 different clinical risk factors for ALI/ARDS who participated in trials. The factor was associated substantial variation mortality. death (before discharge home...
Background: Because injury to the alveolar epithelial barrier is a characteristic feature of acute lung (ALI) and respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), plasma surfactant protein levels may have prognostic value. To test this hypothesis proteins A D (SP-A SP-D) were measured in patients with ALI or ARDS enrolled NHLBI sponsored multicentre Network randomised controlled trial 6 ml/kg v 12 tidal volume strategy. Methods: Data from 565 participants clinical used. Plasma SP-A SP-D at baseline on...
Systemic endothelial activation and injury are important causes of multiorgan system failure. We hypothesized that plasma levels von Willebrand factor (VWF), a marker injury, would be associated with clinical outcomes in acute lung (ALI) respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In 559 patients ALI/ARDS enrolled the National Heart, Lung, Blood Institute ARDS Network trial two VT strategies, VWF were measured at randomization (mean 350 +/- 265% normal control plasma) Day 3 (344 207%). Baseline...
<h3>Background</h3> Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common cause of death and disability, little known about the effects socioeconomic status (SES) race–ethnicity on health outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> The aim this study to determine independent impacts SES COPD severity status, functional limitations acute exacerbations among patients with access healthcare. Data were used from Function, Living, Outcomes Work cohort 1202 Kaiser Permanente Northern California Medical...
The contribution of occupational exposures to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and, in particular, their potential interaction with cigarette smoking remains underappreciated.Data from the FLOW study 1202 subjects COPD (of which 742 had classified as stage II or above by Global Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria) and 302 referent matched age, sex race recruited a large managed care organisation were analysed. Occupational assessed using two methods: self-reported exposure...
Objective: Patients with trauma-associated acute lung injury have better outcomes than patients other clinical risks for injury, but the mechanisms behind these improved are unclear. We sought to compare and biological features of those determine whether trauma reflect their baseline health status or less severe both. Design, Setting, Patients: Analysis data from 1,451 enrolled in two large randomized, controlled trials ventilator management injury. Measurements Main Results: Compared were...
Microvascular injury, inflammation, and coagulation play critical roles in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). Plasma protein C levels are decreased patients with associated higher mortality fewer ventilator-free days.To test efficacy activated (APC) as a therapy for ALI.Eligible subjects were critically ill who met American/European consensus criteria ALI. Patients severe sepsis an APACHE II score 25 or more excluded. Participants randomized to receive APC (24 microg/kg/h 96 h)...
Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is an inflammatory process that can be attenuated by protective ventilation strategies. Our objectives to further investigate the pathogenesis of ALI and VILI mechanism protection in these syndromes were: 1) determine if plasma measurements soluble TNF receptor I (sTNFRI) II (sTNFRII) would predict development mortality a small single center trial; 2) test predictive value markers TNF-α larger, broader group patients with ALI; 3) hypothesis low tidal...