A5086867527- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Pharmacological Effects and Assays
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Plant Toxicity and Pharmacological Properties
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Dietary Effects on Health
- Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies
- Sperm and Testicular Function
- Pregnancy-related medical research
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
2024-2025
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
2024-2025
University of Kentucky
1998-2009
Colorado State University
1998
University of Washington
1993
Texas A&M University
1992
MEP Equine Solutions (United States)
1992
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
1991
Baxter (United States)
1990
University of Veterinary Science
1983
An enduring question in evolutionary biology concerns the degree to which episodes of convergent trait evolution depend on same genetic programs, particularly over long timescales. In this work, we genetically dissected repeated origins and losses prickles-sharp epidermal projections-that convergently evolved numerous plant lineages. Mutations a cytokinin hormone biosynthetic gene caused at least 16 independent prickles eggplants wild relatives genus
Recent studies associate obesity and insulin resistance in horses with development of abnormal reproductive function debilitating laminitis. The factors contributing to obese are unknown. However, human provide evidence that elevated inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), IL1, IL6 play direct roles obesity-associated resistance. Thus, inflammation may be a key link between horses. aim the current investigation was examine possible relationships obesity,...
Summary Twelve untrained aged mares were used to determine whether 7 days of light exercise improved peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity. Mares divided into obese‐exercised (n = 3), obese‐sedentary lean‐exercised 3) and lean‐sedentary groups. The exercised groups worked at a trot heart rate (HR) not more than 140 beats/min for 30 min in round pen. Each group was subjected 3 euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamps: prior (P), 24 h following the seventh training session (E) 9 postexercise (PE)....
In mares, obesity is associated with continuous reproductive activity during the non-breeding season. To investigate effect of and alterations in metabolic parameters on oestrous cycle, two related studies were conducted. Experiment 1, obese (body condition score > 7) mares fed ad libitum or moderately feed restricted late summer autumn months. Feed restriction did not alter proportion entering seasonal anoestrus. However, exhibited a significantly longer duration significant increases...
Abstract An enduring question in evolutionary biology concerns the degree to which episodes of convergent trait evolution depend on same genetic programs, particularly over long timescales. Here we genetically dissected repeated origins and losses prickles, sharp epidermal projections, that convergently evolved numerous plant lineages. Mutations a cytokinin hormone biosynthetic gene caused at least 16 independent prickles eggplants wild relatives genus Solanum . Strikingly, homologs promote...
Summary. The plasma concentrations of FSH, LH and prolactin in ewes were measured at frequent intervals during 24-h periods anoestrus different times from the onset breeding season. Ewes kept under natural daylength conditions compared with which season was advanced by exposure to constant short days (8L:16D). FSH mid-anoestrus did not vary day there no effect or any changes could be associated ovulation. In all pulsatile releases observed on each sampling occasion. During occurrence pulses...
Cryptic genetic variants exert minimal or no phenotypic effects alone but have long been hypothesized to form a vast, hidden reservoir of diversity that drives trait evolvability through epistatic interactions. This classical theory has reinvigorated by pan-genome sequencing, which revealed pervasive variation within gene families and regulatory networks, including extensive cis-regulatory changes, duplication, divergence between paralogs. Nevertheless, empirical testing cryptic variation's...
The effects of dietary energy and recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) on pattern LH release, follicular development, onset puberty were studied in 40 Angus heifers. At 7 mo age, heifers assigned to a 2 x factorial experiment; the main (high [HDE]: 14.15 Mcal ME/d or moderate [MDE]: 10.84 ME/d) (bST; 350 mg every wk vehicle). Beginning at 9 observed twice daily for estrous activity. From 10.5 12 five from each treatment group selected weekly ultrasound examination ovarian structures...
Peripheral insulin resistance is the failure of proper cellular glucose uptake in response to insulin. Insulin and hyperinsulinemia are associated with several disease states horse reproductive function disturbances humans, including polycystic ovarian syndrome. To test hypothesis that (IR) disrupt estrous cycle mares, two experiments were conducted first develop a model induce IR then examine effect this on duration cycle. In Exp. 1, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (HEC) procedure was...
Two groups of mares were exposed to an abrupt, artificial increase or a natural in daylength. In both groups, mean LH pulse frequency increased with time year and was accompanied by reciprocal decrease amplitude. A non-pulsatile pattern secretion observed some sampled close the day ovulation. Maximum onset breeding season occurred earlier those abrupt blood samples collected frequently, serum concentrations relation year. However, during 60 days before ovulation, when increased, daily values...
The reproductive tracts of nine thoroughbred mares were examined by ultrasound to determine the day ovulation (day 0).Mares fitted with intercavernous sinus cannulae on before start sample collection pituitary venous effluent rich in oxytocin.Intercavernous blood samples collected for at least 36 h 5 min intervals beginning noon 13 (n = 2), 15 5) or 16 2) after ovulation.Concentrations oxytocin and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin F2\ g=a\ (PGFM) plasma determined radioimmunoassay.Three...
Pan-genomics and genome editing technologies are revolutionizing the breeding of globally cultivated crops. A transformative opportunity lies in reciprocal exchange genotype-to-phenotype knowledge agricultural traits between these major crops hundreds locally indigenous crops, thereby enhancing diversity resilience our food system. However, species-specific genetic variants their interactions with desired natural or engineered mutations pose barriers to achieving predictable phenotypic...
Summary. To determine whether tonic LH secretion in ovariectomized mares is characterized by pulsatile release, frequent blood samples (every 15 min) were collected from 5 horse nine 8-h periods between February and May. Mean serum concentrations increased 9-fold associated with a 4-fold increase mean pulse frequency. These results provide the first evidence of release suggest that increasing daylengths spring months may
Summary. Daily determinations of FSH and prolactin in plasma were made for 10–12 weeks after parturition ewes which lambed either the middle (December) or late (February) breeding season. Fluctuations concentrations could not be related to time occurrence otherwise oestrus ovulation. However, there was evidence an increased secretion post partum but only those February. The lack elevated level during post-partum period December-lambing associated with earlier return by these animals....
The relationship between daily mean FSH concentrations in serum and the pattern of detected by frequent sampling for 12-h periods (samples every 15 min) was examined five mares during transition into breeding season. mature anestrous were exposed to a natural increase daylength. Blood samples collected from February 1 until first ovulation season (April 14 ± 3.7 days, Mean SEM). Periods blood collection performed two weeks. obtained jugular venipuncture or cannula (frequent samples)....
The metabolic effects of short-term feed restriction and dietary calorie source were studied in horses receiving high-roughage or high-concentrate diets. Four Thoroughbred geldings assigned to four treatment groups a 4 x Latin square experiment. treatments 1) nutritionally adequate ration (70% roughage, 30% concentrate; AHR), 2) (40% 60% AHC), 3) 70% the intake AHR diet (RHR), 4) AHC (RHC). Diets designed meet caloric need undergoing moderately intense work. Blood samples taken on first 7 d...
Consumption of wild-type (toxic) endophyte-infected tall fescue (E+) by horses during late gestation is known to adversely affect pregnancy outcome; however, little the potential disruptive consequences E+ consumption mares critical phases placentation and fetal development in early pregnancy. The objective this study was evaluate detrimental effects feeding gestation. Mares (n = 12) paired stage (d 65 100) were assigned diets (six per diet) consisting endophyte-free (E−) or seed (50% E−...
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of MMP (TIMP) regulate remodeling events necessary for ovulation. Thus, changes in TIMP expression protein enzyme activity were examined vivo vitro during follicular development atresia the horse. Equine granulosa cells fluid from medium (15 to 29 mm) healthy atretic follicles large (>30 preovulatory collected by transvaginal aspiration. The either snap-frozen (in study) or cultured 48 h determine gene MMP-2 MMP-9 TIMP-1 TIMP-2....