A5051251984- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Hepatitis C virus research
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Global Health Workforce Issues
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Blood donation and transfusion practices
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Malaria Research and Control
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Trauma, Hemostasis, Coagulopathy, Resuscitation
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Ophthalmology and Eye Disorders
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
Bir Hospital
2024
Queensland Health
2023-2024
Australian National University
2023-2024
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2023
Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital
2012-2022
Tribhuvan University
2009-2022
Basil Hetzel Institute
2019-2020
The University of Adelaide
2019-2020
Patan Academy of Health Sciences
2019
The University of Queensland
2014-2018
A novel T cell–based ZIKV vaccine, encoding NS1 protein, confers protection against systemic infection.
Screening of transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) among blood donors can be a cost-effective approach to monitor the prevalence, distribution, and trends healthy-looking individuals. The study aimed determine seroprevalence four TTIs, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV), C (HCV) syphilis, in Kathmandu, Nepal.A total 21,716 units were tested for presence anti-HIV 1/2 IgG/IgM, HBsAg, anti-HCV anti-Treponema pallidum IgG/IgM/IgA using commercial ELISA kits following...
BACKGROUND Hepatitis E virus (HEV) poses a risk to transfusion safety. In Australia, locally acquired HEV is rare and cases are mainly reported in travelers returning from countries endemic for HEV. The posed by safety Australia unknown; therefore, we aimed measure the rate of current infection Australian blood donations. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A total 14,799 donations were tested RNA transcription‐mediated amplification, with confirmatory testing reverse transcription–polymerase chain...
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is transfusion-transmissible and therefore poses a risk to blood transfusion safety. Seroprevalence studies are useful for estimating disease burden determining factors. Considerable variability in the sensitivity of HEV antibody detection assays exists. This study aimed compare performances commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) Australian donor samples. Plasma samples that tested positive (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...
As one of the causative agents viral hepatitis, hepatitis E virus (HEV) has gained public health attention globally. HEV epidemics occur in developing countries, associated with faecal contamination water and poor sanitation. In industrialised nations, infections are travel to countries endemic for HEV, however, autochthonous infections, mainly through zoonotic transmission, increasingly being reported. can also be transmitted by blood transfusion. Nepal experienced a number outbreaks,...
Abstract Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an emerging public health problem in Nepal. Despite the implementation of a successful TB control program Nepal, notifications MDR-TB are increasing, yet reasons unknown. The objective this study was to understand genetic diversity and epidemiological characteristics MDR- Mycobacterium (MTB) isolates We isolated genotyped 498 MDR-MTB collected from April 2009 March 2013 analyzed patients’ background information. Our results showed that...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant contributor to the global disease burden, and development of an effective vaccine required eliminate HCV infections worldwide. CD4
Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy, a central-distal axonopathy, passes through latent, progressive, static and improvement phases. During the phase, peripheral nerves regenerate unmasking spinal cord lesion with myelopathic features. We report case of 16-year-old male who developed myelopathy 6 weeks following chlorpyrifos poisoning. He had motor weakness 4/5 in bilateral hips 3/5 knees ankles. Spasticity exaggerated reflexes ankle clonus were present lower limbs. Sensory upper limb...
Despite direct acting antivirals (DAAs) curing >95% of individuals infected with hepatitis C (HCV), in order to achieve the World Health Organization HCV Global Elimination Goals by 2030 there are still major challenges that need be overcome. DAAs alone unlikely eliminate absence a vaccine can limit viral transmission. Consequently, prophylactic is necessary relieve worldwide burden disease. DNA vaccines promising platform due their commercial viability and ability elicit robust...
Osmotic demyelination syndrome is a rare condition reported mainly in the case of rapid correction hyponatremia, but it can occur even complicated diabetes mellitus either during hyperglycemia or anytime mellitus. We report developing osmotic syndrome. The patient had presented with altered sensorium and seizure, which was initially diagnosed as hyperglycemia, his treatment, magnetic resonance imaging brain revealed central pontine myelinolysis. Our search on causes other than hyponatremia...
Background: HIV, HBV, Syphilis and HCV share common modes of transmission.Objective: The study was aimed to determine the co-infection rate HBV among seropositive identified blood donors.Methods: conducted on samples screened as at Nepal Red Cross Society, Central Blood Transfusion Service, Kathmandu, Nepal. were further tested for Syphilis.Results: Eight co-infections observed in 139 seropositives with total 5.75% (95% CI = 2.52-11.03).Conclusion: Co-infection is prevalent healthy looking donors
Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is one of the common causes infective endocarditis (IE). IE can present with various neurological complications such as stroke, brain abscess, and meningitis, mortality rate be very high in cases.
Chickenpox and shingles are vaccine preventable diseases caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV). is more common in children before adolescence among ≥50 years of age. With this study we aimed to determine changes VZV epidemiology following chickenpox introduction Queensland.This case series used notified cases infection Queensland from January 2010 December 2021. In Queensland, notifications received as mostly clinically unspecified pathology laboratories. Intermittent enhanced surveillance...
In many developed countries hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections have occurred predominantly in travellers to endemic for HEV. HEV is a potential threat blood safety as the transfusion-transmissible. To minimise this risk Australia, individuals diagnosed with are deferred. Malarialdeferrals, when donors restricted from donating fresh components following travel toanareain which malaria endemic, probably also decrease risk, by deferring who The aim of study describe overseas-acquired cases...
Introduction: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality in low-income countries. WHO recommends use tranexamic acid addition to oxytocin for prevention and treatment PPH. However, it not yet standardized. Our study aims assess effectiveness preventing PPH low-risk patients. Method: This hospital-based case-control included 60 patients, 30 undergoing vaginal delivery cesarean delivery. Fifteen cases received 1 g 10 units oxytocin, while 15 controls only oxytocin....
ABSTRACT Background In 2022, publicly funded influenza vaccine was made available to all residents of Queensland, Australia. This study compared epidemiology in 2022 with previous years (2017–2021) and estimated effectiveness (VE) during 2022. Methods The involved a descriptive analysis notifications case–control estimate VE. Cases were laboratory‐confirmed influenza, controls individuals who test negative for COVID‐19. matched on age, postcode specimen collection date. VE against...
Five members of a family were brought to emergency with complaints high grade fever, pain abdomen, diarrhoea and vomiting. The symptoms started after five hours food, the vegetable curry by this family. Four them in hypovolemic shock two had significant pus cells stool examination. All discharged seven days. Stool culture three these patients showed salmonella.