A5056364640- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Nonlinear Differential Equations Analysis
- Stability and Controllability of Differential Equations
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Fractional Differential Equations Solutions
- Differential Equations and Numerical Methods
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Advanced Mathematical Modeling in Engineering
- Numerical methods for differential equations
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Stochastic processes and financial applications
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2023
University of California, San Diego
2023
University of Colorado Boulder
2013-2022
University of Colorado System
2021
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
2013-2018
NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory
2017
NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory
2013-2016
Skyline College
2016
Marshall Space Flight Center
2003-2015
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2010-2014
Abstract Atmospheric rivers (ARs) play vital roles in the western United States and related regions globally, not only producing heavy precipitation flooding, but also providing beneficial water supply. This paper introduces a scale for intensity impacts of ARs. Its utility may be greatest where ARs are most impactful storm type hurricanes, nor’easters, tornadoes nearly nonexistent. Two parameters dominate hydrologic outcomes ARs: vertically integrated vapor transport (IVT) AR duration...
A case study is presented of an atmospheric river (AR) that produced heavy precipitation in the U.S. Pacific Northwest during March 2005. The documents several key ingredients from planetary scale to mesoscale contributed extreme nature this event. multiscale analysis uses unique experimental data collected by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) P-3 aircraft operated Hawaii, coastal wind profiler global positioning system (GPS) meteorological stations Oregon, satellite...
The amount of solar energy reflected from various soils and types vegetation has been measured as a function sun elevation in six different wavelength ranges the ultraviolet, visible near-infrared regions spectrum. It is shown that there significant dependence reflectance on both for all surfaces which measurements were made.
Abstract Ensemble Forecast Operations (EFO) is a risk‐based approach of reservoir flood control operations that incorporates ensemble streamflow predictions (ESPs) made by the California‐Nevada River Center. Reservoir for each member an ESP are individually modeled to forecast system conditions and calculate risk reaching critical operational thresholds. release decisions simulated manage forecasted with respect established tolerance levels. EFO was developed Lake Mendocino, 111,000...
Abstract Extreme quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF) performance is baselined and analyzed by NOAA’s Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT) using 11 yr of 32-km gridded QPFs from NCEP’s Weather Prediction Center (WPC). The analysis uses regional extreme thresholds, quantitatively defined as the 99th 99.9th percentile values all wet-site days 2001 to 2011 for each River Forecast (RFC) region, evaluate QPF at multiple lead times. Five verification metrics are used: probability detection (POD),...
The U.S. Geological Survey, Multi Hazards Demonstration Project (MHDP) uses hazards science to improve resiliency of communities natural disasters including earthquakes, tsunamis, wildfires, landslides, floods and coastal erosion. project engages emergency planners, businesses, universities, government agencies, others in preparing for major disasters. also helps set research goals provides decision-making information loss reduction improved resiliency. first public product the MHDP was...
Abstract During Northern Hemisphere winters, the West Coast of North America is battered by extratropical storms. The impact these storms paramount concern to California, where aging water supply and flood protection infrastructures are challenged increased standards for urban protection, an unusually variable weather regime, projections climate change. Additionally, there inherent conflicts between releasing provide storing meet requirements supply, quality, hydropower generation,...
Abstract Recent and historical events illustrate the vulnerabilities of U.S. west to extremes in precipitation that result from a range meteorological phenomena. This vision provides an approach mitigating impacts such weather water is tailored unique conditions user needs Western 21st Century. It includes observations for tracking, predicting, managing occurrence major storms informed by user‐requirements, workshops, scientific advances, technological demonstrations. The recommends...
Abstract Accurate forecasts of precipitation during landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) are critical because ARs play a large role in water supply and flooding for many regions. In this study, we have used hundreds observations to verify global regional model making landfall Northern California offshore the midlatitude northeast Pacific Ocean. We characterized forecast error predictability limit AR vapor transport, static stability, onshore precipitation, standard fields. Analysis is also...
This paper establishes results concerning the exponential decay of strong solutions a linear hyperbolic integrodifferential equation in Hilbert space. Rather than more commonly used assumptions that relaxation function is non-negative, decreasing and convex, dissipation modelled by requiring dynamic viscosity be positive function. restriction has firm thermodynamic basis. Frequency domain methods are employed.
Abstract Extreme precipitation events, and the quantitative forecasts (QPFs) associated with them, are examined. The study uses data from Hydrometeorology Testbed (HMT), which conducted its first field in California during 2005/06 cool season. National Weather Service River Forecast Center (NWS RFC) gridded QPFs for 24-h periods at (day 1), 48-h 2), 72-h 3) forecast lead times plus estimates (QPEs) sites (CA) Oregon–Washington (OR–WA) used. During 172-day period studied, some received more...
Data from an experiment to measure the upward and downward components of solar radiation aircraft during Barbados Oceanographic Meteorological Experiment (BOMEX) have been analyzed in present study. Two groups results were found. In cloud-free tropical troposphere: 1) Absorption entire troposphere can be twice as large previous estimates 13% given by Manabe Strickler. Comparison observed heating rates calculations shows that increase attenuation may due non-gaseous constituents atmosphere....
Abstract Floods caused by atmospheric rivers and wildfires fanned Santa Ana winds are common occurrences in California with devastating societal impacts. In this work, we show that winter weather variability California, including the occurrence of extreme impactful events, is linked to four circulation regimes over North Pacific Ocean previously named identified as “NP4 modes”. These modes come out phase each other during season, resulting distinct patterns recur throughout historical...
Cloud seeding experiments devoted to physical measurements of the effects shallow stable winter orographic clouds have been conducted in central Sierra Nevada California from 1984 1986. Seeding was done by aircraft using either dry ice or silver iodide at temperatures between −6° and −14°C. Aircraft, radar, surface instruments were used measure effects. A trajectory model target seeded precipitation ground where deployed. Results these are presented two case studies a summary analysis all 36...
During the months of May, June, July and August, 1978, a record number damaging hailstorms, causing losses upward $100 million, struck along High Plains Front Range regions New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming Montana. Nine these storms were observed from GOES-E geostationary satellite with digital visible infrared data recorded at CSU Direct Readout Satellite Groundstation. The digital, navigated imagery processed on an interactive image processing system for detection hail signatures. In all but...
The USGS Multihazards Project is working with numerous agencies to evaluate and plan for hazards damages that could be caused by extreme winter storms impacting California. Atmospheric hydrological aspects of a hypothetical storm scenario have been quantified as basis estimation human, infrastructure, economic, environmental impacts emergency-preparedness flood-planning exercises. In order ensure scientific defensibility necessary levels detail in the description, selected historical...
An important goal of combining weather radar with rain gauge data is to provide reliable estimates rainfall rate and accumulation further identify intense precipitation issue flood warnings. Scanning radars the ability observe over wider areas within shorter timeframes compared gauges, leading improved situational awareness more accurate warnings future flooding events. The focus this study on evaluating performance multi-radar multi-sensor (MRMS) system without impact a local gap filling...
Abstract Observational networks enhance real‐time situational awareness for emergency and water resource management during extreme weather events. We present examples of how a diverse, multitiered observational network in California provided insights into hydrometeorological processes impacts 3‐day atmospheric river storm centered on 14 February 2019. This network, which has been developed over the past two decades, aims to improve understanding mitigation effects from storms influencing...
The asymptotic behaviour of the solution general linear Volterra non-convolution difference equations on a finite dimensional space, is investigated. It proved under appropriate assumptions that converges to limit, which in non-trivial. These results are then used obtain exact rate decay solutions class convolution equations, have no characteristic roots. In particular, we convergence whose kernel does not converge exponentially. A useful formula for weighted limit discrete also obtained.
Radiometric data from the SMS-2 and GOES-1 geostationary satellites together with ground-based lidar scans have been combined to determine visible albedo, infrared emittance optical depth of cirrus clouds. The observations were made on an area about 10 km by square at Boulder, Colorado during two days. A method analysis was developed separate out cloud albedo surface effects, allow for possible anisotropy in bi-directional reflectance solar radiation clouds, compare results theoretical...
Cloud seeding to increase winter snowpacks over mountainous regions of the western United States have been in existence for almost 40 years. However, our understanding physical processes taking place clouds response this and expected precipitation increases are still subjects great scientific interest investigation. Recent field observations that emphasized direct clouds, their structure liquid water content, as well injection glaciogenic agents added knowledge. These helping provide some...