During the periparturient period, dairy cows suffer drastic metabolic stress because of plasma increased non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) that stem from a negative energy balance. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is hepatokine activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway to maintain intracellular balance and tissue integrity via promotion catabolism inhibition anabolic regulation. FGF21 treatment caused 50% reduction in triglyceride (TG) content liver cows. However,...

During peripartum period, dairy cows are highly susceptible to energy metabolism disorders such as fatty liver and ketosis. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), known hepatokines, play important roles in lipid metabolism. The purposes of our study were evaluate variations serum ANGPTL4 FGF21 concentrations periparturient changes these analyte energy-related metabolic early lactation cows. This was divided into two experiments. Experiment I: Blood...

Abstract Background A better comprehension of the redox status during periparturient period may facilitate development management and nutritional solutions to prevent subclinical hyperketonemia (SCHK) hypocalcemia (SCHC) in dairy goats. We aimed evaluate variation goats with SCHK SCHC their periods. Guanzhong (n = 30) were assigned 10), healthy (HEAL, n 10) groups based on blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) calcium (Ca) concentrations. Blood withdrawn from every week 3 weeks before expected...

Chromium propionate (Cr-Pro) and calcium (Ca-Pro) are widely applied in dairy production, especially the alleviation of heat stress (HS). HS can reduce abundance rumen microbiota lactation performance cows. The present work mainly focused on evaluating effects Cr-Pro Ca-Pro performance, ruminal bacterial community, postpartum cows as well identifying differences their mechanisms. Fifteen multiparous Holstein with equivalent weights (694 ± 28 kg) milk yields (41.2 1.21 kg/day) were randomly...

Subclinical hyperketonemia (SCHK) is the major metabolic disease observed during transition period in dairy goats, and characterized by high plasma levels of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB). However, no prior study has comprehensively assessed metabolomic profiles goats with SCHK. Plasma samples were collected within 1 h after kidding from SCHK (BHB concentration >0.8 mM, n = 7) clinically healthy <0.8 similar body condition score (2.75 ± 0.15, mean standard error...

Strontium (Sr) belongs to the same group in periodic table as calcium (Ca). Sr level can serve an index of rumen Ca absorption capacity; however, effects on Ca2+ metabolism are unclear. This study aims investigate effect bovine epithelial cells. The cells were isolated from newborn Holstein male calves (n = 3, 1 day old, 38.0 ± 2.8 kg, fasting). half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) Sr-treated and cell cycle used establish treatment model. Transcriptomics, proteomics, network...

Abstract Dairy goats experience metabolic stress during the peripartal period, and their ability to navigate this stage of lactation is related occurrence development diseases. Unlike dairy cows, there a lack comprehensive analysis changes in plasma profiles goats, particularly using high-throughput techniques. A subset 9 clinically-healthy were used from cohort 96 primiparous Guanzhong (BCS, 2.75 ± 0.15). Blood samples collected at seven time points around parturition (d 21, 14, 7 before...

Monocrotaline (MCT), a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, is the major toxin in Crotalaria , which causes cell apoptosis humans and animals. It has been reported that liver vulnerable target of MCT. However, exact molecular mechanism interaction between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress injury induced by MCT still unclear. In this study, cytotoxicity on primary rat hepatocytes was analyzed CCK-8 assay Annexin V-FITC/PI assay. Protein expression detected western blotting immunofluorescence staining. As...

The aims of the study reported in Research Communication were to evaluate changes macrominerals and major calcitropic hormone concentrations 51 healthy dairy cows over peripartum period, compare those with subject subclinical hypocalcaemia (SCH) on calving day. results showed that serum calcium (Ca) potassium (K) lowest periparturient at parturition, while sodium (Na) parathyroid (PTH) highest. Serum magnesium (Mg), chloride (Cl) phosphorus (P) highest 1 wk prepartum, however, concentration...

Summary Negative energy balance is considered as the pathological basis of metabolic disorders in periparturient dairy cows. Serum non‐esterified fatty acids ( NEFA ) are one most important indicators status. Fibroblast growth factor 21 FGF 21) has been identified a hepatokine involved regulation adaptations, such promoting hepatic lipid oxidation and ketogenesis, during deprivation. However, direct effects on expression secretion bovine hepatocytes not entirely clear. The objective this...

During the perinatal period, abnormally high plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration caused by negative energy balance (NEB) can impose a significant metabolic stress on liver of dairy cows. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important adaptive response that serve to maintain cell homeostasis in event stress. The protein kinase R-like endoplasmic (PERK) pathway most rapidly activated cascade when ER occurs cells and has impact regulation hepatic lipid metabolism autophagy...

The present study evaluated the effects of strontium (Sr) on proliferation and differentiation chondrocytes isolated from dairy cows, whether Sr exerts its via transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling. were patellar cartilage newborn Holstein bull calves ( n = 3, 1 day old, 38.0 ± 2.8 kg, fasting) within 15 min after euthanasia, treated with different concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 10 μg/ml, as SrCl 2 ·6H O). After pretreatment or without activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) inhibitor (10...

Abstract In dairy cows, fatty liver is one of the most common metabolic diseases that occurs during periparturient period. Angiopoietin‐like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) a well‐known downstream target peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs), which regulate glucose and acid metabolisms. The inhibition lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity interferes with storage triglycerides (TG) in adipocytes, plays an essential role lipid metabolism rodents. However, it remains unclear whether ANGPTL4...

Background: Dairy goats are highly susceptible to subclinical hyperketonemia (SCHK) during the transition period. This study aimed compare variation in metabolic parameters and surrogate indexes of insulin resistance (sIR) between with SCHK clinically healthy (HEAL) Methods: Twenty Guanzhong dairy were assorted HEAL (n = 10) groups according blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations. The samples taken from jugular vein each goat at −3, −2, −1, 0 (partum), +1, +2, +3 weeks relative...

Abstract Background Strontium (Sr) has similar physicochemical properties as calcium (Ca) and is often used to evaluate the absorption of this mineral. Because major route Ca in bovine occurs rumen, it essential understand whether Sr impacts ruminal epithelial cells what extent. Results In present study, RNA sequencing assembled transcriptome assembly were identify transcription factors (TFs), screening bioinformatics analysis treated with Sr. A total 1405 TFs identified classified into 64...

Abstract Background: Strontium (Sr) has similar physicochemical properties as calcium (Ca) and is often used to evaluate the absorption of this mineral. Because major route Ca in bovine occurs rumen, it essential understand whether Sr impacts ruminal epithelial cells what extent. Results: In present study, RNA sequencing assembled transcriptome assembly were identify transcription factors (TFs), screening bioinformatics analysis treated with Sr. A total 1405 TFs identified classified into 64...

Dairy goats experience metabolic stress during the peripartal period, and their ability to navigate this stage of lactation is related occurrence development diseases. Unlike dairy cows, there a lack comprehensive analysis changes in plasma profiles goats, particularly using high-throughput techniques. This study used animal selected from cohort 96 primiparous Guanzhong (BCS, 2.75 ± 0.15) that were clinically healthy. Blood samples collected at seven time points around parturition (d 21, 14,...

The present study was conducted regarding four acute-phase proteins (APPs) including C-reactive protein (CRP), ceruloplasmin (CP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and haptoglobin (HP) in dairy goats during the periparturient period. aim of this to detect changes APPs plasma period healthy goats. Guanzhong with no other symptoms (n = 15) were selected on basis their blood calcium (Ca) β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration. collected once a week for ±3 weeks delivery. concentrations mentioned above...