Pulse crops (annual grain legumes such as field pea, lentil, dry bean, and chickpea) have become an important component of the cropping system in northern Great Plains North America over last three decades. In many areas, intensity damping-off, seedling blight, root rot, premature ripening pulse is increasing, resulting reduction stand establishment yield. This review provides a brief description pathogens that make up rot complex summarizes management on pulses region. Initially, several...

Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (syn. Gliocladium catenulatum ) is an effective fungal biological agent against Fusarium root and stem rot Pythium damping-off diseases on cucumber plants. Both chitinase β-1,3-glucanase enzymes were produced when C. was grown a synthetic medium containing chitin or laminarin as sole carbon source, respectively. Chitinase production also induced by cell walls, while activity both well growth homogenized roots low-carbon media. Mycelial of Pythium, exposed to...

Surveys of pulse crops across the Canadian prairies were undertaken between 2014 and 2017 to assess distribution severity root rot field pea lentil, identify most important causal agents, compare efficiency culturing techniques with multiplex PCR. Root was present in every lentil surveyed all three provinces. When assessed based on province soil zone, moderate severe symptoms (severity > 3 a 1–7 scale) occurred 25–99% fields, but only 8–34% fields. both higher growing seasons high...

In recent years, root rots have severely impacted yields of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in the Canadian province Alberta. Above-normal precipitation levels springs 2011 to 2013 led hypothesis that Aphanomyces euteiches Drechsler may play a role rot water-saturated fields. To determine causal agent(s) rot, 145 fields were surveyed at flowering July (1). Symptoms abundant; most prominent included red vascular streaking and dark brown tap root, indicative Fusarium spp., but discoloration...

Pea root rot complex ( PRRC ) describes a group of closely associated soilborne pathogens that cause disease in field pea. Aphanomyces euteiches and several Fusarium spp. are the most prevalent damaging microorganisms within this complex, although impact interspecific interactions on progression remains largely unexplored. Furthermore, fast reliable method detecting quantifying these is not currently available. The objectives experiment were to: (i) investigate effect microbial severity pea...

Plant signaling hormones such as ethylene have been shown to affect the host response various pathogens. Often, resistance responses necrotrophic fungi are mediated through synergistic interactions of (ET) with jasmonate pathway. On other hand, ET is also an inducer senescence and cell death, which could be beneficial for some invading Fusarium graminearum, a causative agent in head blight wheat, hemibiotrophic pathogen, meaning it has both biotrophic phases during course infection. However,...

Fusarium avenaceum is a generalist pathogen responsible for diseases in numerous crop species. The fungus produces series of mycotoxins including the cyclohexadepsipeptide enniatins. Mycotoxins can be pathogenicity and virulence factors various plant-pathogen interactions, enniatins have been shown to influence aggressiveness on potato tubers. To determine role these other F. avenaceum-host enniatin synthase 1 (ESYN1) disruption overexpression mutants were generated their ability infect...

The oomycete pathogen, Aphanomyces euteiches , was implicated for the first time in pea and lentil root rot Saskatchewan Alberta 2012 2013. Subsequent surveys from 2014 to 2017 revealed that (ARR) widespread across Canadian prairies. absence of effective chemical, biological, cultural controls lack genetic resistance leave only one management option: avoidance. objectives this study were relate oospore levels autoclaved non-autoclaved soils ARR severity soil types vast prairie landscape...

Root rot is a concern in the pea growing areas of Canada and elsewhere world, since it can cause significant yield loss. Fusarium spp. are considered major root pathogens. In this study, pathogenicity host range species collected from earlier surveys commercial fields Alberta were evaluated. Forty-five isolates belonging to six selected for testing under greenhouse conditions. solani f. sp. pisi F. avenaceum most aggressive species, followed by oxysporum, culmorum redolens. Due their ability...

ABSTRACT Pea production across the world is significantly limited by root rot disease, which caused many fungal and oomycetes pathogens. In Canada, Fusarium avenaceum most devastating pathogen of complex pea. Host genetic resistance effective control method for this disease. Evaluation global pea accessions Canadian varieties F. has not been reported to date. This study evaluated 20 different market classes with pigmented or nonpigmented seed coats flowers under controlled conditions. The...

Balasubramanian, P. M., Conner, R. L., McLaren, D. Chatterton, S. and Hou, A. 2014. Partial resistance to white mould in dry bean. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 683–691. White mould, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is a constraint on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production across Canada. Under high disease pressure, cultivars succumb the resulting severe loss of seed yield quality. Disease development highly influenced environmental conditions. In absence complete with both field...

The ecological requirements for the colonization of geranium leaves by biocontrol agent Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata strain J1446 were investigated. Although this is a soil-inhabiting fungus, treatment foliage with can reduce grey mould caused Botrytis cinerea in greenhouse. To characterize extent foliar colonization, GUS-transformed isolate C. was applied to two cultivars, Pelargonium × hortorum and domesticum . Population levels found be highest on senescent stems, followed fully...

Pseudomonas syringae is a genetically diverse bacterial species complex responsible for numerous agronomically important crop diseases. Individual P . isolates are assigned pathovar designations based on their host of isolation and the associated disease symptoms, these often assumed to reflect specificity although this assumption has rarely been rigorously tested. Here we developed rapid seed infection assay measure virulence 121 common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ). This collection includes...

Abstract The biocontrol fungus Clonostachys rosea f. catenulata (Gliocladium catenulatum) strain J1446, commercially available as Prestop® (Verdera Oy, Finland), is an effective antagonist against several root and foliar greenhouse pathogens. agent forms dense networks of hyphae on plant roots, grows internally in epidermal cells, produces hydrolytic enzymes, all which lead to a reduction pathogen propagules. An understanding the environmental host factors that influence colonization by C....

Oomycetes are a diverse group of microorganisms; however, little is known about their composition and biodiversity in agroecosystems. Illumina MiSeq was used to determine the type abundance oomycetes associated with pea root rot Canadian prairies. Additional objectives study were identify differences oomycete communities health compare among 3 prairie provinces, where field peas commonly cultivated. Samples soil from rhizosphere (Pisum sativum L.) collected patches asymptomatic or diseased...

Blossom blight of seed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), caused by the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a potentially devastating disease on Canadian Prairies in moist growing seasons. Monitoring airborne spore concentrations these could facilitate forecasting region. Nineteen fields southern Alberta, Canada were assessed throughout seasons 2014 2015. Trace levels blossom symptoms found both years; however, plated floret pod samples indicated that, overall, B....