A5014773401- Helminth infection and control
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
University of Liverpool
2016-2024
Waterford Institute of Technology
2022-2023
Munster Technological University
2022
South East Technological University
2022
University of Nottingham
2009-2017
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
2009-2013
Sutton Hospital
2011-2013
Medical Research Council
2009-2013
University College Dublin
2006-2012
Zero to Three
2011
Significance Abnormal damage and scarring of tissue (fibrosis) in the lungs can lead to pulmonary fibrosis. Patients that develop various forms fibrosis are difficult treat have a high level mortality. In this study we used mouse models address role cytokine interleukin (IL)-25 type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) animal show for IL-25 ILC2 generation Furthermore, identified elevated levels ILC2s patients with idiopathic This provides insights on factors may initiate humans therapeutic potential.
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a significant and intractable disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium bovis. In the United Kingdom, despite an aggressive eradication programme, prevalence BTB increasing with unexplained, exponential rise in cases year on year. Here we show study involving 3,026 dairy herds England Wales that there negative association between exposure to common, ubiquitous helminth parasite, Fasciola hepatica diagnosis BTB. The magnitude single intradermal comparative...
Fasciola hepatica is a prevalent helminth parasite of livestock. Infection results in polarization the host's immune response and generation type 2 helper (Th2) responses, which are known to be inhibitory Th1 responses. Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) bacterial disease economic zoonotic importance. Control polices for this rely on extensive annual testing test-and-slaughter policy. The correct diagnosis BTB relies cell-mediated We established model coinfection F. Mycobacterium bovis BCG examine...
CD95 ligand (CD95L) is expressed by immune cells and triggers apoptotic death. Metalloprotease-cleaved CD95L (cl-CD95L) released into the bloodstream but does not trigger signaling. Hence, pathophysiological role of cl-CD95L remains unclear. We observed that skin-derived endothelial from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients after cleavage, promoted T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocyte transmigration across barrier at expense regulatory cells. cell migration relied on a direct interaction...
Summary Background Interleukin (IL)‐25 (IL‐17E) is a potent inducer of the type‐2 immune effector response. Previously we have demonstrated that neutralizing anti‐IL‐25 antibody, given during establishment ovalbumin‐specific lung allergy, abrogates airways hyperreactivity. Objective Blocking IL‐25 results in suppression IL‐13, cytokine known to exacerbate pulmonary inflammation, and an unexpected reciprocal increase IL‐17A. The role IL‐17A asthma complex with reports both pro‐inflammatory...
The trematode Fasciola hepatica is responsible for chronic zoonotic infection globally. Despite causing a potent T-helper 2 response, it believed that immunomodulation rendering this host reactive non-protective response thereby allowing the parasite to remain long-lived. We have previously identified growth factor, FhTLM, belonging TGF superfamily can developmental effects on parasite. Herein we demonstrate FhTLM exert influence over immune functions in receptor specific fashion. bind...
Fasciola hepatica, the liver fluke, is a common parasite of cattle in much world. Previously, we have shown that infected with F. hepatica altered responsiveness (delayed type hypersensitivity reaction and cytokine responses) to M. bovis BCG infection. We hypothesized co-infection would, likewise, alter immune response virulent infection, possible implications for disease diagnosis progression. Our previous work hepatica/M. BCG-infected demonstrated reduction interferon (IFN)-γ co-infected...
Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pulmonis and Pasteurella pneumotropica was studied in conventional, specific pathogen-free (SPF), germ-free mice. When P. serially passed conventional mice, M. , as well recovered from mice with gross lesions. both organisms were recovered. SPF given a nasal instillation of alone, or combination the two developed pneumonia when present. These findings suggested that contribute to typical murine pneumonia. That might be an L form because some inoculated either...
Trichinella spiralis can modulate host immune responses to retain a suitable environment for its long-term survival. Incidentally, the parasite elicits regulatory effects through immunomodulatory molecule release, which suppress inflammation and may be used treatment of unrelated inflammatory diseases in someday. Here we identified characterized novel T. cystatin (TsCstN), inhibits mediated by LPS-treated macrophages.Proteins contained excretory–secretory (ES) product muscle-stage (ES-L1)...
ABSTRACT Alternative activation of macrophages (Mφ) during helminth infection is a characteristic feature the host immune response. Alternatively activated (AAMφ) are distinguished from others by high arginase 1 (Arg-1) activity, low nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin 10 (IL-10) production. In murine models, these cells have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties. They also implicated in exacerbating subsequent with secondary pathogen. this study we used cattle experimentally...
Infection with Fasciola hepatica causes an economically important disease in ruminants. Variability parasite load may indicate innate differences the host immune system. This study aimed to investigate immunological mechanisms that are associated variability burden following experimental F. infection cross-bred sheep. Of a total of 16 animals, four were randomly chosen as uninfected controls, and remainder infected 100 viable metacercariae. Uninfected animals used control group for...
Abstract IL-17 has emerged as a key player in the immune system, exhibiting roles protection from infectious diseases and promoting inflammation autoimmunity. Initially thought to be CD4 T-cell-derived, sources of are now known varied belong both innate adaptive arms system. Mechanisms for inducing production lymphoid cells rely on appropriate antigenic stimulation context TGF-β1, IL-6 and/or IL-1β. Using culture protocols adapted human studies, we have effectively induced bovine + WC1 γδ...
Bovine tuberculosis (BTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, has an annual incidence in cattle of 0.5% the Republic Ireland and 4.7% UK, despite long-standing eradication programmes being place. Failure to achieve complete is multifactorial, but limitations diagnostic tests are significant complicating factors. Previously, we have demonstrated that Fasciola hepatica infection, highly prevalent these areas, induced reduced sensitivity standard for BTB animals co-infected with F. M. bovis. This...
Abstract Alternatively activated macrophages (AAM) are a key feature Th2 immunity and have been associated with variety of roles during helminth infection. The role this cell subset plays in protzoan infection remain relatively unexplored, herein we describe the effects redox enzyme (rTgPrx) derived from Toxoplasma gondii on murine macrophage phenotype vitro. RTgPrx has previously maintainence parasite oxidative balance. Here our experiments show that rTgPrx promotes AAM as indicated by high...
The helminth Fasciola hepatica causes fasciolosis throughout the world, a major disease of livestock and an emerging zoonotic in humans. Sustainable control mechanisms such as vaccination are urgently required. To discover potential vaccine targets we undertook genome screen to identify members transforming growth factor (TGF) family proteins. Herein describe discovery three ligands belonging this superfamily cloning characterisation activin/TGF like molecule term FhTLM. FhTLM has limited...