A5083749257- Helminth infection and control
- Coccidia and coccidiosis research
- Parasite Biology and Host Interactions
- Parasites and Host Interactions
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Veterinary Practice and Education Studies
- Agricultural safety and regulations
- Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Gut microbiota and health
- Vector-borne infectious diseases
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Semiconductor materials and interfaces
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Diphtheria, Corynebacterium, and Tetanus
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Semiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices
- Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
University of Liverpool
2016-2025
University of Cambridge
2017
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
2003-2008
University of Manchester
1981-1993
Parasitic nematodes (roundworms) and platyhelminths (flatworms) cause debilitating chronic infections of humans animals, decimate crop production are a major impediment to socioeconomic development. Here we report broad comparative study 81 genomes parasitic non-parasitic worms. We have identified gene family births hundreds expanded families at key nodes in the phylogeny that relevant parasitism. Examples include modulate host immune responses, enable parasite migration though tissues or...
Abstract Background The liver fluke Fasciola hepatica is a major pathogen of livestock worldwide, causing huge economic losses to agriculture, as well 2.4 million human infections annually. Results Here we provide draft genome for F. , which find be among the largest known genomes at 1.3 Gb. This size cannot explained by duplication or expansion single repeat element, and remains paradox given burden it may impose on egg production necessary transmit infection. Despite potential inbreeding...
SUMMARY Few studies have described the combined effect of age, gender, management and control programmes on helminth prevalence egg shedding in grazing equines. Here, fecal samples collected from 1221 Thoroughbred horses, residing at 22 studs UK, were analysed. The distribution strongyle eggs amongst individuals relation to gender practices was investigated. Fecal worm counts (FWECs), as number per gramme (epg) feces, determined using a modification salt flotation method. FWEC (mean%)...
Fasciola hepatica, the liver fluke, is a trematode parasite of considerable economic importance to livestock industry and re-emerging zoonosis that poses risk human health in F. hepatica-endemic areas worldwide. Drug resistance substantial threat current future control yet little known about how biology influences development spread resistance. Given hepatica can self-fertilise therefore inbreed, there potential for greater population differentiation an increased likelihood recessive...
In recent years, resistance to the benzimidazole (BZ) and tetrahydropyrimidine (PYR) anthelmintics in global cyathostomin populations, has led reliance on macrocyclic lactone drugs (ML-of which ivermectin moxidectin are licensed horses) control these parasites. Recently, first confirmed case of both (IVM) (MOX) was reported USA yearlings imported from Ireland. This suggests that ML cyathostomins emerged, raises possibility regular movement horses may result rapid spread resistant...
The liver fluke Fasciola hepatica is a parasitic trematode that has major impact on livestock production and human health. Control of F difficult relies anthelmintics, particularly triclabendazole, due to its efficacy against both adult juvenile stages the parasite. Emergence triclabendazole-resistant populations been reported in number countries, including UK, but overall prevalence distribution triclabendazole resistance unknown. In this study, authors established presence reduced sheep...
Fasciola hepatica infection is responsible for substantial economic losses in livestock worldwide and poses a threat to human health endemic areas. The mainstay of control the only drug licenced use humans triclabendazole (TCBZ). TCBZ resistance has been reported on every continent threatens effective fasciolosis many parts world. To date, understanding genetic mechanisms underlying limited studies candidate genes, based assumptions their role action. Taking an alternative approach, we...
Summary Reasons for performing study: Improved education of veterinarians and equine owners/managers is essential in implementing parasite control strategies that are less reliant on chemicals. Methods: This questionnaire study, conducted 61 UK Thoroughbred (TB) establishments during 2009 2010, was designed to obtain an understanding current helminth practices studs. To our knowledge, this the first occasion statements obtained from TB studs via have been supported by statistical analysis....
The trematode Fasciola hepatica is responsible for chronic zoonotic infection globally. Despite causing a potent T-helper 2 response, it believed that immunomodulation rendering this host reactive non-protective response thereby allowing the parasite to remain long-lived. We have previously identified growth factor, FhTLM, belonging TGF superfamily can developmental effects on parasite. Herein we demonstrate FhTLM exert influence over immune functions in receptor specific fashion. bind...
A growing body of evidence, particularly in humans and rodents, supports the existence a complex network interactions occurring between gastrointestinal (GI) helminth parasites gut commensal bacteria, with substantial effects on both host immunity metabolic potential. However, little is known fundamental biology such other animal species; nonetheless, given considerable economic losses associated GI parasites, livestock equines, as well global threat emerging anthelmintic resistance, further...
Despite increasing awareness within the veterinary profession and equine industry of potential implications anthelmintic resistance (AHR), there is a concern that insufficient measures are being taken to reduce its development spread. This document was commissioned provide surgeons with up date information on worm control plans will prevent clinical disease while minimising selection pressure for resistance. Recommendations were developed using an informal two-round Delphi process,...
Abstract Background There is a lack of consensus on how best to balance our need minimise the risk parasite‐associated disease in individual horse, with limit use anthelmintics population preserve their efficacy through delaying further development resistance. Objectives To develop evidence‐based guidelines utilising modified GRADE framework. Methods A panel veterinary scientists relevant expertise and experience was convened. Relevant research questions were identified developed associated...
Abstract Background Anthelmintic resistance (AR) threatens effective equine parasite control. Quarterly data summaries from faecal worm egg count testing (FWECT) performed by UK laboratories have appeared in Equine Disease Surveillance Reports (EQDSR) since 2007, but not previously been assessed. Objectives To assess strongyle FWECT methods and thresholds used laboratories. investigate factors associated with quarterly laboratory positivity rates between 2007 2023. Study design Laboratory...
Despite years of investigation into triclabendazole (TCBZ) resistance in Fasciola hepatica, the genetic mechanisms responsible remain unknown. Extensive analysis multiple triclabendazole-susceptible and -resistant isolates using a combination experimental vivo vitro approaches has been carried out, yet few, if any, genes have demonstrated experimentally to be associated with phenotypes field. In this review we summarize current understanding TCBZ from employed date. We report genomic...
Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) affects grazing animals including horses but the extent to which it UK is unknown.To define how liver fluke horse population.Descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study.An F. excretory-secretory antibody detection ELISA with a diagnostic sensitivity of 71% and specificity 97% was validated used analyse serum samples. An abattoir study performed determine prevalence. A case-control 269 compared exposure between disease controls. Data on clinical signs...