To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a vaccine containing plasmid DNA with an insert encoding human tyrosinase (ie, huTyr vaccine) as adjunctive treatment for oral malignant melanoma (MM) in dogs.111 dogs (58 prospectively enrolled multicenter clinical trial 53 historical controls) stage II or III MM (modified World Health Organization staging scale, I to IV) which locoregional disease control was achieved.58 received initial series 4 injections (102 μg DNA/injection) administered...

Therapeutics are often administered to donkeys based on dosage and intervals recommended for horses because very few drugs have donkey-specific label indications. Yet differences between in drug distribution, metabolism elimination been noted most therapeutic agents studied. These can be partially explained by the donkey's unique physiology. Since their ancestors evolved a desert environment, modern donkey exhibits qualities that allow them tolerate dehydration better than horse recover more...

SUMMARY Objective To determine and compare cardiorespiratory recovery effects of sevoflurane, isoflurane, halothane in horses. Animals 8 clinically normal horses (4 mares, 4 geldings), 5 to 12 years old. Procedure Inhalation anesthesia was maintained for 90 minutes with or halothane. Anesthesia depth at 1.5 minimum alveolar concentration halothane, then reduced 30 60 minutes. A surgical plane reinduced by administration ketamine thiopental increasing the fractional inspired sevoflurane....

Objective Evaluation of a portable clinical analyzer for determination blood gas tensions, electrolyte and glucose concentrations, Hct in hospital setting. Design Prospective study. Animals 50 dogs, cats, 28 horses, all clinically normal. Procedure Blood samples were analyzed on to determine concentrations sodium, potassium, chloride, BUN, glucose, ionized calcium values Hct, pH, Pco 2 , Po . Values obtained compared with those from the same samples, using standard automatic (serum...

SUMMARY Objective To determine reliability of noninvasive methods arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (Sp O 2 ), end-tidal CO concentration (PEt and blood pressure (BP) determination during periods hypoxemia systemic BP perturbations. Animals 7 healthy, conditioned dogs weighing 19 to 22 kg. Procedure 3 pulse oximeters, capnometers, oscillometric monitors were used measure oxygen-carrying capacity the blood, heart rate, ventilatory status changes hypoxemia, altered BP. Pulse oximeter-derived...

Abstract Objective —To determine the tissue-restricted expression pattern of tyrosinase mRNA in canine and equine melanocytic tumors relative major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I variants tumors. Sample —39 8 tumor samples 10 6 normal tissue samples. Procedures —RNA was isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Real-time PCR assays were designed to amplify tyrosinase, S18 ribosomal RNA, transcripts. Relative determined by use as a reference comparison with pigmented...

Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) and equine laminitis in the horse are medical enigmas. Clinical scientific data were compared to evaluate degree of similarity that exists between these two peripheral vascular diseases. Data indicate certain pathologic pharmacologic aspects seem have common features. Some correlations maybe due simply both diseases having ischemia distal digits as a component. The exact etiology is not known for either disease. results this study suggest hypothesis RP same disease...

ABSTRACT Vaccination of cats with fowlpox virus expressing the avian influenza (AI) H5 hemagglutinin gene (TROVAC AI) resulted in detectable hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody responses to homologous A/Turkey/Ireland/1378/83 (H5N8) (A/tky/Ire/83) AI antigen. The HI heterologous A/Chicken/Indonesia/7/03 (H5N1) (A/ck/Indonesia/03) antigen were also detected all vaccinated cats, but only after booster vaccinations. vaccine described this study and other poxvirus-vectored vaccines may be...

Twenty-four adult striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) were administered the raccoon product formulation of Rabies Vaccine, Live Vaccinia-Vectored (Raboral V-RG, Merial Limited, Athens, Georgia, USA), either by oral instillation or in vaccine-filled coated sachets as single multiple doses. A control group remained unvaccinated. Twenty-three challenged 116 days postvaccination with rabies virus (skunk isolate). Six six naive succumbed to challenge. Four that received vaccine survived The did...

ABSTRACT Lyme borreliosis (LB) is a common infection of domestic dogs in areas where there enzootic transmission the agent Borrelia burgdorferi . While immunoassays based on individual subunits have mostly supplanted use whole-cell preparations for canine serology, only limited number informative antigens been identified. To more broadly characterize antibody responses to B. and assess diversity those dogs, we examined sera from 32 adult colony-bred beagle that had experimentally infected...

Prevention of Lyme disease in dogs North America depends on effective vaccination against infection by the tick vector-born spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Most vaccines effectively prevent transmission to during feeding based immunization with outer-surface lipoprotein A (OspA) B. More recently, containing additional OspC protein moieties have been introduced. These are designed enhance protection forming a second line defense within vertebrate host, where expression replaces OspA as...

Summary This study was initiated to determine if the absorbance spectra of hemoglobins from nonhuman species were sufficiently different those human hemoglobin affect applicability pulse oximetry common domestic species. Hemoglobin isolated blood humans, dogs, cats, horses, cows, and pigs. The millimolar extinction coefficients for oxygenated deoxygenated samples determined over wavelength range 600 1000 nm. Minor differences in both oxyhemoglobin deoxyhemoglobin found between that dog, cat,...

Forty‐four specific pathogen‐free beagles, median age 65 days, received two subcutaneous doses of either a commercially available, five‐way combination vaccine or the same in with tetravalent Leptospira bacterin (Canicola, Grippotyphosa, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona). They were subsequently challenged pathogenic strain L kirschneri serovar Grippotyphosa 470 days following completion vaccination protocol. Titres agglutinating serum antibodies determined at various time points before and after...

Abstract Background Sarcoid tumors are common in horses and may negatively impact the performance value of horse. No known treatment is reliably successful. Hypotheses/Objectives To determine tolerability, overall response rate, time to response, progression‐free survival with biopsy‐confirmed or suspected sarcoids treated ALVAC‐fIL2. Animals Client‐owned measurable, presumed‐ sarcoid tumors. Methods Prospective pilot study. One milliliter ALVAC‐fIL2 was injected into 4 5 areas sarcoid(s)...

Although neurological signs have been reported sporadically in dogs with systemic Lyme disease, it is unknown if neuroborreliosis occurs dogs. The current study systematically evaluates canine brains for evidence of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Twelve Beagles were experimentally challenged B. burgdorferi–infected ticks at 18 weeks age, and 2 unexposed served as controls. One the uninfected 6 infected each given 5 daily immunosuppressive doses dexamethasone starting 153 days...

Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, which mainly characterized by lameness in dogs. More than 95% naturally infected dogs are asymptomatic or subclinical; however, experimental studies, histologic synovial lesions consistently observed inoculated with B. burdgorferi. This study investigates ability a histopathologic scoring system, clinicopathologic data, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing to differentiate between burgdorferi–infected uninfected Eighteen...

Abstract Objective To determine cardiorespiratory effects of a tiletamine/zolazepam-ketamine-detomidine (TZKD) combination in horses. Animals 8 healthy adult Procedure Horses were instrumented for measurement cardiorespiratory, acid-base, and electrolyte values. Each horse was given xylazine (0.44 mg/kg body weight, IV) 10 to 15 minutes prior induction recumbency by administration the TZKD combination. Cardiorespiratory, values measured at 5-minute intervals ≥ 30 minutes. Results All horses...

SUMMARY In this study, we described water-insoluble proteins extracted from the germinative regions (stratum internum and coronary band epithelium) cornified outer surface medium) of equine hoof wall. Two major types polypeptides were identified: intermediate filaments ( if ) -associated proteins. The , including keratins, composed a portion fraction, had electrophoretic mobilities on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in range 40 to 80 kDa, reacted with acidic or...

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor binding kinetics and EGF-mediated stimulation of DNA synthesis cellular proliferation were studied in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from the equine thoracic aorta. Binding studies, using murine 125I-labeled EGF, indicate presence a single class high-affinity sites (apparent KD = 2.8 X 10(-11) M), with an estimated maximal capacity 5,800 sites/cell. EGF stimulated [3H]thymidine uptake confluent quiescent monolayers dose-dependent fashion,...