A5034927591- Biodiesel Production and Applications
- Advanced Combustion Engine Technologies
- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure
- Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics
- Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Heat transfer and supercritical fluids
- Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Petroleum Processing and Analysis
- Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
- Combustion and flame dynamics
- Lignin and Wood Chemistry
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Free Radicals and Antioxidants
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- SAS software applications and methods
- Rocket and propulsion systems research
- Mass Spectrometry Techniques and Applications
- Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Catalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies
- Lubricants and Their Additives
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
2011-2022
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
2019
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
2019
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
2019
Oxygenates present in partially hydroprocessed lignocellulosic-biomass pyrolysis oils were examined for their impact on the performance properties of gasoline and diesel. These included: methyltetrahydrofuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), 2-hexanone, 4-methylanisole, phenol, p-cresol, 2,4-xylenol, guaiacol, 4-methylguaiacol, 4-methylacetophenone, 4-propylphenol, 4-propylguaiacol. Literature values indicate that acute toxicity these compounds falls within range components petroleum-derived fuels....
The objective of this work was to measure knock resistance metrics for ethanol-hydrocarbon blends with a primary focus on development methods the heat vaporization (HOV).Blends ethanol at 10 50 volume percent were prepared three gasoline blendstocks and natural gasoline.Performance properties composition measured, including research octane number (RON), motor (MON), net heating value, density, distillation curve, vapor pressure.RON increases upon blending but diminishing returns above about...
Lignocellulosic biomass offers a renewable carbon source which can be anaerobically digested to produce short-chain carboxylic acids. Here, we assess fuel properties of oxygenates accessible from catalytic upgrading these acids priori for their potential serve as diesel bioblendstocks. Ethers derived C2 and C4 are identified advantaged candidates with significantly improved ignition quality (>56% cetane number increase) reduced sooting (>86% yield index reduction) when compared commercial...
<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Mixing controlled compression ignition, i.e., diesel engines are efficient and likely to continue be the primary means for movement of goods many years. Low-net-carbon biofuels have potential significantly reduce carbon footprint combustion could advantageous properties combustion, such as high cetane number reduced engine-out particle NO<sub>x</sub> emissions. We developed a list over 400 biomass-derived...
The effect of saturated monoglyceride (SMG) content four B100s on the cloud point (CP) blends with diesel fuels was examined. Detecting CP a more sensitive light-scattering method allowed observation an early (higher temperature) in containing approximately 0.01 wt.% to 0.03 SMG. Blend samples SMG this range may be particularly prone unexpected filter clogging above measured CP. Results for 140 blend sample matrix revealed that had larger than other properties. An increase biodiesel...
Applying a rational design approach to produce high-quality, low-sooting hydrocarbon diesel blendstock from lignocellulosic biomass-derived short-chain carboxylic acids.
Alkylated furans such as 2,5-dimethylfuran and 2-methylfuran can be produced from biomass have very attractive properties for use spark-ignition fuel blendstocks. Their high octane numbers, relatively energy density, low water solubility, minimal effect on gasoline blend volatility are potentially significant advantages over alcohol-based fuels. However, prior studies reported poor oxidative stability furanic compound-gasoline blends, well the potential formation of dangerous organic...
Biodiesel, a renewable fuel consisting of fatty acid methyl esters and made from lipid feedstocks, has presented persistent cold weather operability problems that are not predicted using the standards tests common in petroleum refining industry. These have been referred to as “precipitate formation above cloud point” known be caused by minor impurities. This study investigates fundamental causes this issue. To end, water, steryl glucosides (SG), saturated monoglycerides (SMGs) were spiked...
Knock-limited loads for a set of surrogate gasolines all having nominal 100 research octane number (RON), approximately 11 sensitivity (S), and heat vaporization (HOV) range 390 to 595 kJ/kg at 25°C were investigated.A single-cylinder spark-ignition engine derived from General Motors Ecotec direct injection (DI) was used perform load sweeps fixed intake air temperature (IAT) 50 °C, as well knock-limited measurements across IATs up 90 °C.Both DI pre-vaporized fuel (supplied by injector...
The heat of vaporization (HOV) is a relatively poorly studied fuel property that can be related to fuel's evaporation characteristics and knock resistance and, therefore, the emissions efficiency direct-injection spark-ignition engines. Methods for measuring HOV complex gasoline mixtures blends with ethanol other oxygenates require additional development. Recently, we described differential scanning calorimetry/thermogravimetric (DSC/TGA) method perform measurements. Herein describe detailed...
vaporative cooling of the fuel-air charge by fuel evaporation is an important feature direct-injection spark-ignition engines that improves knock resistance and reduces pumping losses at intermediate load, but in some cases, may increase fine particle emissions.We have reported on experimental approaches for measuring both total heat vaporization examination evaporative effect as a function fraction evaporated gasolines ethanol blends.In this paper, we extend work to include other...