In the irradiation of an insulated target by electron beam produced a plasma-cathode source operating in fore-vacuum pressure range (5–15 Pa), potential is much lower than energy, offering possibility direct treatment insulating materials. It found that non-conducting moderately high range, charge on surface neutralized mainly ions from volume discharge established between negatively charged and grounded walls vacuum chamber. This allows (heating, melting, welding) ceramics other semiconductor

We describe our experimental investigation of the effect background gas pressure on emission parameters a pulsed cathodic-arc-based forevacuum-pressure plasma-cathode electron source. find that increased over range 4–16 Pa significantly reduces beam current rise-time and increases amplitude. For example, at discharge 20 A, increasing working from 4 to 16 8 A 18 shortens 50 μs μs. This influence can be explained by arc switching anode emission. In case, is caused pressure. forevacuum range,...

We describe the design, parameters, and characteristics of a modified wide-aperture, plasma-cathode electron beam source operating in pressure range 3 Pa–30 Pa generating large-radius, low-energy (up to 10 keV) beams with pulse width varying from 0.05 ms 20 current up several tens amperes. A pulsed cathodic arc is used generate emission plasma, DC accelerating voltage form beam. Modernization design optimization conditions have provided multiple increase duration corresponding energy per...

Electron beam processing is one of the effective methods for modification surface material properties. Influence electron irradiation on structure polymeric materials such as polyvinyl alcohol and polylactic acid was investigated. carried out at 8 kV accelerating voltage a pressure 3 x 10 -2 Torr, emission current from 25 to 40 A, pulse duration 150 300 μs number 1 10. The elemental composition structural state irradiated polymer were studied by infrared spectroscopy (IR-spectroscopy), X-ray...

This article reports on design and application of wide-aperture pulsed beam source, based hollow cathode discharge. The source is intended for electron generation in pressure range 2–15 Pa. Multi-aperture extraction system, used a provided cross-section uniformity 10% diameter 40 mm. limiting values the current density, pulse duration, accelerating voltage are 350 mA/cm2, 250 μs, 10 kV, respectively. These parameters sufficient surface modification various materials, including non-conducting matters.

We describe our research on the generation and formation of low-energy (up to 11 keV) large-radius 3.5 cm) electron beams with pulse duration up 10 ms, in forevacuum pressure range (4-25 Pa). The beam was formed by extraction from a cathodic arc plasma millisecond using dc accelerating voltage. To increase efficiency emission plasma, anode source divided into hollow plane parts, current through part limited. When redistributing electrode limiting anode, working gas affect discharge...

We describe our experimental research on the stable generation of large-radius pulsed high-current electron beams using a forevacuum-pressure plasma-cathode beam source with cathodic arc plasma generation. find that increased gas pressure and use higher ionization cross-section considerably decrease emission current due to loss electric strength acceleration gap (breakdown). Increased pulse duration results in current, but influence species its remains for all durations. There is an extremum...

We describe properties and parameters of a pulsed cathodic arc discharge, as applied in forevacuum-pressure plasma-cathode electron sources for the generation broad beams. It is shown that during single current pulse, can operate either two modes, differing their discharge operating voltage plasma constitution. The radial density distribution approximates Gaussian. effect gas pressure on pronounced only at considerable distance from cathode.

Influence of electron beam irradiation on the morphology and contact angle polypropylene was investigated. Electron processing carried out at 8 – 10 kV accelerating voltage a pressure 5 Pa. Beam current density up to 4.5 A/cm 2 , pulse duration - from 150 300 μs. The irradiated polymer material studied by scanning-electron atomic-force microscopy methods. It established formation extended equally oriented “hills” divided “valleys”. height hills increases with growth energy flux per pulse.

We have explored the parametric behavior of a quasi-continuous (1.8 ms) vacuum arc discharge operating as plasma source forevacuum-pressure plasma-cathode electron beam source. The current-voltage characteristic is presented and we show that becomes unstable at current below 5-6 A (for our copper cathode). voltage increases weakly with increasing over pressure range 3-15 Pa. At greater than 15 Pa shows two possible modes, differing in voltage, observed earlier for submillisecond arcs. ratio...

We describe formation and propagation of large cross-sectional area electron beams generated by a plasma source operating in the fore-vacuum pressure range 1–10 Pa. The current density distribution beam is strongly dependent on operation gas pressure. latter could be connected with focusing its self-magnetic field due to space-charge neutralization plasma.

For materials, science it is important to study the structure and behavior of matter at deepest level. Currently, modern microscopes allow one see atomic matter. Materials should be prepared in a special way, for research microscope, but thus natural material may changed. Especially, processes level are difficult explore. In computer model matter, can account properties atoms even its electron structure. this paper, by molecular dynamics method evolution palladium compounds with hydrogen...

We have explored some of the features ion-plasma nitriding inner surface narrow extended metal tubes by plasma a non-self-sustained glow discharge initiated focused electron beam in forevacuum pressure range. The influence current on parameters was determined. found non-monotonic dependence density, nitrogen content nitrided layer, and layer microhardness burning voltage. reaches values 1500 kgf/mm<sup>2</sup> for AISI 321 stainless steel 700 alloy carbon 5135.