The quest for novel therapies to prevent bacterial infections and blood clots (thrombosis) is of utmost importance in biomedical research due the exponential growth cases thrombosis emergence multi-drug-resistant strains bacteria. Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) a cellular signaling molecule that plays pivotal role host immunity against pathogens, prevention clotting, regulation systemic pressure, among several other biological functions. physiological effect NO dose dependent, which...

Abstract Recent reports on liquid-infused materials have shown promise in creating ultra-low fouling surfaces, but are limited their ability to prevent bacterial proliferation and platelet activation blood-contacting applications. In this work, a nitric oxide-releasing (LINORel) material is created by incorporating the oxide (NO) donor S -nitroso-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) silicone oil commercial medical grade rubber tubing through solvent swelling process. This combination provides several...

Biodegradable composite membranes with antimicrobial properties consisting of nanocellulose fibrils (CNFs), chitosan, and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d-penicillamine (SNAP) were developed tested for food packaging applications. As a nitric oxide donor, SNAP was encapsulated into completely dispersed chitosan in 100 mL 0.1 N acetic acid thoroughly mixed CNFs to produce membrane. The fabricated had uniform dispersion within the CNFs, which confirmed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM)...

Understanding complex cell–cell interactions and physiological microenvironments is critical for the development of new therapies treating human diseases. Current animal models fail to accurately predict success therapeutic compounds clinical treatments. Advances in biomaterials, engineering, additive manufacturing have led printed tissues, lab-on-chip devices, and, more recently, organ-on-chip systems. These technologies promising applications fabrication physiologically representative...

Hydrophilic antifouling topcoat combined with nitric oxide releasing polymer to enhance antimicrobial efficacy and combat healthcare-associated infections caused by medical devices.

The liver possesses a unique microenvironment with complex internal vascular system and cell-cell interactions. Nonalcoholic fatty disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic disease, although much effort has been dedicated to building models target NAFLD, in vitro systems rely on simple failing recapitulate functions. Here, an presented study NAFLD (steatosis) by coculturing human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells umbilical vein endothelial (HUVECs) into spheroids. Analysis...

Ever since the role of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) in controlling a wide variety biological functions was discovered approximately three decades back, multiple NO-releasing polymeric materials have been developed. However, most these are typically short lived due to inefficient incorporation NO donor molecules within polymer matrix. In present study, S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP) is covalently attached poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) create highly stable releasing material for...

Due to the role of nitric oxide (NO) in regulating a variety biological functions humans, numerous studies on different NO releasing/generating materials have been published over past two decades. Although has demonstrated be strong antimicrobial and potent antithrombotic agent, NO-releasing (NOrel) polymers not reached clinical setting. While increasing concentration donor polymer is common method prolong NO-release, this should at cost mechanical strength or biocompatibility original...

Urinary catheterization is one of the most common medical procedures that makes a patient susceptible to infection due biofilm formation on urinary catheter. Catheter associated tract infections (CAUTIs) are responsible for over 1 million cases in United States alone and cost healthcare industry more than $350 every year. This work presents liquid-infused nitric-oxide-releasing (LINORel) catheter fabricated by incorporating nitric oxide (NO) donor S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP)...

Devices used for extracorporeal circulation are met with two major medical concerns: thrombosis and infection. A device that allows anticoagulant-free while reducing the risk of infection has yet to be developed. We report use a copper nanoparticle (Cu NP) catalyst release nitric oxide (NO) from endogenous donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) in coating applied commercial Tygon S3 E-3603 poly(vinyl chloride) tubing order reduce adhered bacterial viability occurrence first time an animal model....

Abstract Microphysiological systems, also known as organ‐on‐a‐chip platforms, show promise for the development of new testing methods that can be more accurate than both conventional two‐dimensional (2D) cultures and costly animal studies. The intricate microphysiological systems help to better mimic human physiology highlight systemic effects different drugs materials. Nanomaterials are among a technologically important class materials used diagnostic, therapeutic, monitoring purposes; all...

The management of thrombosis and bacterial infection is critical to ensure the functionality medical devices. While administration anticoagulants current antithrombotic clinical practice, a variety complications, such as uncontrolled hemorrhages or heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, can occur. Additionally, rates remain costly deadly complication associated with use these It has been hypothesized that if synthetic surface could mimic biochemical mechanisms endothelium blood vessels, be...

Abstract The interaction of blood proteins with an implant surface is not only a fundamental phenomenon but also key to several important medical complications. Plasma binding on the intravascular catheters can promote bacterial adhesion leading risk local and systemic complications such as catheter‐related infections (CRBIs). incidences CRBIs in United States amount more than 250,000 cases/year attributable mortality up 35% annual healthcare expenditure $2.3 billion approximately. This...

Two major challenges faced by medical devices are thrombus formation and infection. In this work, surface-tethered nitric oxide (NO)-releasing molecules presented as a solution to combat infection thrombosis. These materials possess robust NO release capacity lasting ca. 1 month while simultaneously improving the nonfouling nature of material preventing platelet, protein, bacteria adhesion. NO's potent bactericidal function has been implemented facile surface covalent attachment method...

Abstract Stem cells secrete trophic factors that induce angiogenesis. These soluble are promising candidates for stem cell–based therapies, especially cardiovascular diseases. Mechanical stimuli and biophysical presented in the cell microenvironment play important roles guiding their behaviors. However, complex interplay precise role of these cues directing pro‐angiogenic signaling remain unclear. Here, a platform is designed using gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels with tunable rigidity dynamic...

Artificial lungs have been used in the clinic for multiple decades to supplement patient pulmonary function. Recently, small-scale microfluidic artificial (μAL) demonstrated with large surface area blood volume ratios, biomimetic flow paths, and pressure drops compatible pumpless operation. Initial devices rates μl/min ml/min range exhibited excellent gas transfer efficiencies; however, current manufacturing techniques may not be suitable scaling up human applications. Here, we present a new...

Diatomaceous earth (DE), a nanoporous silica material composed of fossilized unicellular marine algae, possesses unique mechanical, molecular transport, optical, and photonic properties exploited across an array biomedical applications. The utility DE in these applications stands to be enhanced through the incorporation nitric oxide (NO) technology shown modulate essential physiological processes. In this work, preparation characterization biotemplated diatomaceous earth-based delivery...

The development of nonfouling and antimicrobial materials has shown great promise for reducing thrombosis infection associated with medical devices aims improving device safety decreasing the frequency antibiotic administration. Here, design an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic vascular catheter is assessed in vivo over 7 d a rabbit model. Antimicrobial activity achieved through integration nitric oxide donor, while surface using covalently bound phosphorylcholine-based...

Biological processes such as infection, angiogenesis, and fibroblast proliferation migration need to be regulated for effective healing of a wound. Failing do so can delay the overall wound add suffering healthcare cost. Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is well-known gasotransmitter in natural process humans other mammals. To utilize its inherent ability current study, an exogenous NO donor (S-nitroso-glutathione, GSNO) was integrated into hybrid formulation consisting polymer (alginate)...