Little is known about community knowledge of myocardial infarction symptoms and perceptions self-risk in sub-Saharan Africa.A survey was conducted northern Tanzania, where the prevalence cardiovascular risk factors high. Households were selected randomly a population-weighted fashion surveys administered to self-identified household healthcare decision-makers. Respondents asked list all heart attack whether they thought had chance suffering attack. Associations between participant...

Annals of Global Health is a peer-reviewed, fully open access, online journal dedicated to publishing high quality articles all aspects global health. The journal's mission advance health, promote research, and foster the prevention treatment disease worldwide. Its goals are improve health well-being people, equity, wise stewardship earth's environment. latest impact factor 2.90. supported by Program for Public Common Good at Boston College. It was founded in 1934 Icahn School Medicine Mount...

Abstract Background Evidence-based care for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) reduces morbidity and mortality. Prior studies in Tanzania identified substantial gaps the uptake of evidence-based AMI care. Implementation science has been used to improve high-income settings, but interventions quality have not studied sub-Saharan Africa. Methods Purposive sampling was recruit participants from key stakeholder groups (patients, providers, healthcare administrators) northern Tanzania....

Background Emergency care systems are critical to improving for time-sensitive emergency conditions. The growth and development of these in Sub-Saharan Africa is becoming a priority. Layperson knowledge recognition symptoms subsequent care-seeking behavior key achieving timely access appropriate treatment. This study aimed assess community conditions as well barriers accessing the system Northern Tanzania. Methods was cross-sectional households three districts Kilimanjaro, Tanzania from June...

COVID-19 caused a profound global impact, resulting in significant cases and deaths. The progression of clinical manifestations is influenced by dysregulated inflammatory response. Early identification the subclinical crucial for timely intervention improved patient outcomes. While there are various biomarkers to predict disease severity outcomes, their accessibility affordability pose challenges resource-limited settings. We explored potentiality neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as...

Background Injuries are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among paediatric populations in low- middle-income countries (LMICs). The Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS) is commonly used tool to assess functional recovery. This study aims evaluate the psychometric properties PSFS for monitoring injury patients at zonal referral hospital Northern Tanzania. Methods retrospective cohort data from Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre registry (November 2020 June 2024) included under 18...

OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with disproportionate burden this on low- middle-income countries (LMICs). Limited access to diagnostic technologies highly skilled providers combined high patient volumes contributes poor outcomes in LMICs. Prognostic modeling as clinical decision support tool, theory, could optimize the use existing resources timely treatment decisions The objective study was develop machine learning–based...

Background Trauma is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. In low- middle-income countries (LMICs), trauma patients have higher risk experiencing delays to care due limited hospital resources difficulties in reaching health facility. Reducing an effective method for improving outcomes. However, few studies investigated the variety experienced by LMICs. The objective this study was describe prevalence pre- in-hospital care, their association with poor outcomes among low-income...

HIV is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but there has been less study comorbidities among people in sub-Saharan Africa. In a cross-sectional observational study, Tanzanian adults presenting for outpatient care completed questionnaire and underwent weight, height, blood pressure, glucose measurement. Hypertension was defined by pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or self-reported hypertension. Uncontrolled hypertension as measured mmHg. Diabetes fasting ≥126 mg/dl, random ≥200...

Each year several Mt. Kilimanjaro hikers die due to altitude illness (AI) although urgent descent is technically easily possible. The objectives of this study were determine the incidence and predictors severe (SAI) symptoms summit success in hikers, measures taken when AI develop.A prospective observational cohort was conducted from December 2019 until March 2020. Participants asked complete a questionnaire at entrance gate one descend gate. A multivariate logistic regression performed...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine if patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in low- and middle-income countries who receive surgery have better outcomes than TBI do not surgery, whether differs severity injury. METHODS authors generated a series Kaplan-Meier plots performed multiple Cox proportional hazard models assess the relationship between severity. categorized using admission Glasgow Coma Scale scores: mild (14, 15), moderate (9–13), or severe (3–8). investigated...

<strong>Background:</strong> Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is thought to be a rare diagnosis in sub-Saharan Africa, but little known about diagnostic practices for patients with possible ACS symptoms the region. <strong>Objective:</strong> To describe current care Tanzania identify factors that may contribute under-detection. <strong>Methods:</strong> Emergency department chest pain or shortness of breath at Tanzanian referral hospital were prospectively observed. Medical histories obtained,...

Abstract Background The incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is growing across sub-Saharan Africa and many healthcare systems are ill-equipped for this burden. Evidence suggests that providers may be underdiagnosing undertreating ACS, leading to poor health outcomes. goal study was examine provider perspectives on barriers ACS care in Tanzania order identify opportunities interventions improve care. Methods Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with physicians clinical...

The Kilimanjaro region has one of the highest levels reported alcohol intake per capita in Tanzania. Age at first drink been found to be associated with problems adulthood, but there is less information on age and its associations alcohol-related consequences later life. Furthermore, local cost availability may influence prevalence use disorders. Data drink, disorder identification tool (AUDIT), number type (DrInC), perceived low high for children adolescents were collected from an health...

Introduction A significant number of climbers on Mount Kilimanjaro are affected by altitude-related disorders. The aim this study was to determine the main causes morbidity and mortality in a representative cohort based local hospital records. Methods We conducted 2-y retrospective chart review all patients presenting referral region after climb Kilimanjaro, including relevant records referrals for postmortem studies. Results identified 62 who presented hospital: 47 inpatients 15...

Little is known about long-term outcomes and uptake of secondary preventative therapies following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in sub-Saharan Africa.

Abstract Objective The HEART score successfully risk stratifies emergency department (ED) patients with chest pain in high‐income settings. However, this tool has not been validated low‐income countries. Methods This is a secondary analysis of prospective observational study that was conducted Tanzanian ED from January 2019 through 2023. Adult were consecutively enrolled, and their presenting symptoms medical history recorded. Electrocardiograms point‐of‐care troponin assays obtained for all...

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa is substantial and growing. Much remains to be learned about the relative burden acute coronary syndrome (ACS), heart failure, stroke on emergency departments hospital admissions. A retrospective chart review admissions from September 2017 through March 2018 was conducted at department a tertiary care center northern Tanzania. Stroke admission volume compared previously published data same adjusted for population growth. Of 2418...

Abstract Background Alcohol use in resource-limited settings results significant morbidity and mortality. These lack the necessary specialty-trained personnel infrastructure. Therefore, implementing evidence-based interventions from high-income settings, like a brief negotiational intervention (BNI) for alcohol, will require rapid production of evidence effectiveness to guide implementation priorities. Thus, this study describes clinical trial protocol rapidly optimize evaluate impact...

Emergency conditions cause a significant burden of death and disability, particularly in developing countries. Prehospital Medical Services (EMS) are largely nonexistent throughout Tanzania little is known about the community's barriers to accessing emergency care. The objective this study was better understand local community stakeholder perspectives on barriers, facilitators, potential solutions surrounding care Kilimanjaro region through Three Delays Model framework.A qualitative...

Introduction Low-resourced settings often lack personnel and infrastructure for alcohol use disorder treatment. We culturally adapted a Brief Negotiational Interview (BNI) Emergency Department injury patients, the “Punguza Pombe Kwa Afya Yako (PPKAY)” (“Reduce Alcohol For Your Health”) in Tanzania. This study aimed to evaluate feasibility of pragmatic randomized adaptive controlled trial PPKAY intervention. Materials methods piloted single-blind, parallel, adaptive, multi-stage,...

Introduction: Little is known about the burden of hypertension and diabetes on emergency department (ED) utilization hospitalizations in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: A retrospective review adult ED patients northern Tanzania was performed from September 2017 through March 2018. Hypertension defined as documented diagnosis or blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg. Diabetes mellitus random glucose 200 mg/dL.Results: Of 3961 patients, 1359 (34.3%) had hypertension, 518 (13.1%) diabetes, 273 (6.9%) both....