Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) events are involved in the development of various ocular pathologies, e.g., retinal artery or vein occlusion. We tested hypothesis that resveratrol is protective against I/R injury murine retina. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was elevated anaesthetized mice to 110 mm Hg for 45 min via a micropipette placed anterior chamber induce ischemia. In fellow eye, which served as control, IOP kept at physiological level. One group received (30 mg/kg/day p.o. once daily)...

Aims/Purpose: Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a multifactorial pathology of the ocular surface, characterized by disruption tear film homeostasis. Although prevalent, distinct clinical biomarkers associated with impairment lacrimal (LG) and meibomian glands (MG) that exacerbate progression DES are still largely lacking. This study was conducted to identify potential markers for precise diagnosis. Methods: Subjects underwent battery examinations including basic secretory test via Schirmer I...

Aims/Purpose: Aberrant molecular changes are a major driver of age‐related retinopathies. Furthermore, sexual dimorphism is key variable in disease predilection, although it not well defined preclinical studies. Among the potential targets for mitigating proteome modifications attributed to vision impairment, we recently unraveled protective effects soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH/ Ephx2 ) inhibition glaucoma. Here, hypothesized that responses aging retina also sexually divergent ‐/‐ (KO)...

Dry eye disease (DED) is often seen in patients with polyneuropathies (PNs), but the relationship between different forms of PNs and DED not known. In oxaliplatin (Ox-)-treated mice PNs, morphological changes sciatic nerve (SN), dorsal root ganglia (DRG), trigeminal (TG), ocular tissues involved tear formation were investigated. addition, proteomics gene expression related proteins surface as well inflammatory factors analyzed. There significant six compared to controls, respective tissues....

Proper sample preparation protocols represent a critical step for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomic study designs and influence the speed, performance automation of high-throughput data acquisition. The main objective this was to compare two commercial solid-phase extraction (SPE)-based (comprising SOLAµTM HRP SPE spin plates from Thermo Fisher Scientific ZIPTIP® C18 pipette tips Merck Millipore) analytical performance, reproducibility, analysis speed. house...

Angiotensin II (Ang II) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various age-dependent ocular diseases. The purpose this study was to test hypothesis that Ang induces endothelial dysfunction mouse ophthalmic arteries and identify underlying mechanisms. Ophthalmic were exposed vivo vitro determine vascular function by video microscopy. Moreover, formation reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantified expression prooxidant redox genes proteins determined. endothelium-dependent artery responses...

Oxidative stress and a disturbed cellular protein homeostasis (proteostasis) belong to the most important hallmarks of aging neurodegenerative disorders. The proteasomal autophagic-lysosomal degradation pathways are key measures maintain proteostasis. Here, we report that hippocampal cells selected for full adaptation resistance oxidative induced by hydrogen peroxide (oxidative stress-resistant cells, OxSR cells) showed massive increase in expression components network significantly higher...

Introduction: Autologous platelet concentrate (APC) are pro-angiogenic and can promote wound healing tissue repair, also in combination with other biomaterials. However, challenging defect situations remain demanding. 3D bioprinting of an APC based bioink encapsulated a hydrogel could overcome this limitation enhanced physio-mechanical interface, growth factor retention/secretion defect-personalized shape to ultimately enhance regeneration. Methods: This study used extrusion-based create...

We tested the hypothesis that M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype mediates cholinergic responses in murine ophthalmic arteries after endothelial removal.Muscarinic gene expression was determined with intact and removed endothelium using real-time PCR. To examine role of mediating vascular responses, from receptor-deficient mice (M3R(-/-)) respective wild-type controls were studied vitro. Functional studies performed nonpreconstricted either or video microscopy.In endothelium-intact...

Ocular vascular dysfunction is a major contributing factor to the pathogenesis of glaucoma. In recent years, there has been renewed interest in role angiotensin II (Ang II) mediating disease progression. Despite its (patho)physiological importance, molecular mechanisms underlying Ang II-mediated oxidative stress remain largely unexplored ocular vasculature. Here, we provide first direct evidence alterations proteome and signalling pathways II-elicited insult independent arterial pressure...

Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) events are involved in the pathophysiology of numerous ocular diseases. The purpose this study was to test hypothesis that betulinic acid protects from I/R injury mouse retina. Ocular ischemia induced mice by increasing intraocular pressure (IOP) 110 mm Hg for 45 min, while fellow eye served as a control. One group received (50 mg/kg/day p.o. once daily) and other vehicle solution only. Eight days after event, animals were killed retinal wholemounts optic nerve...

Limitations of existing anticoagulants have prompted a search for novel agents natural origin. Fundamental to this research was the observation that aqueous leaf extract of Melastoma malabathricum Linn. possesses potent anticoagulant property. In vitro coagulation assays such as activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin (PT) thrombin (TT) and mixing studies were performed on citrated plasmas healthy volunteer donors spiked with different concentrations (100 - 1000 µg/ml). The...

Contact lenses (CLs) provide a superior alternative to spectacles. Although beneficial, the global burden of ocular dysfunctions attributed regular use CLs remains topic much challenge in ophthalmic research owing debilitating clinical repercussions on surface, which are often manifested as breach tear film integrity. This study elucidated intricate proteome changes different (hard and soft) unravelled, for first time, restorative mechanisms several protein clusters following acute...

Glaucoma is a heterogeneous group of optic neuropathies characterized by progressive degeneration the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), leading to irreversible vision loss. Nowadays, traditional therapeutic approach glaucoma consists lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), which does not address neurodegenerative features disease. Besides animal models glaucoma, there considerable need for in vitro experimental propose new strategies this ocular In study, we elucidated pathological mechanisms...

Nitric oxide (NO) generated by endothelial nitric synthase (eNOS) plays an important role in the maintenance of ocular vascular homeostasis. Therefore, perturbations NO synthesis have been implicated pathogenesis several diseases. We recently reported that eNOS contributes significantly to vasodilation mouse ophthalmic artery. Interestingly, dilatory responses were also retained gene-deficient mice (eNOS-/-), indicating inherent adaptive mechanism(s) act as back-up systems chronic absence...

Purpose The removal of excessive melanin pigments that obscure ocular tissue morphology is important to address scientific questions and for differential diagnosis tumours based on histology. Thus, the goal present study was establish an effective fast bleaching method paraffin frozen mouse human tissues. Methods Paraffin-embedded specimens from mice donors were subjected employing two methods. first employed potassium permanganate (KMnO4) with oxalic acid, second 10% hydrogen peroxide...

Aqueous humour (AH) is an important biologic fluid that maintains normal intraocular pressure and contains proteins regulate the homeostasis of ocular tissues. Any alterations in protein compositions are correlated to pathogenesis various disorders. In recent years, gender-based medicine has emerged as research focus considering prevalence certain diseases, which higher a particular sex. Nevertheless, inter-gender variations AH proteome unknown. Therefore, this study endeavoured characterize...

Cholinergic regulation of arterial luminal diameter involves intricate network intercellular communication between the endothelial and smooth muscle cells that is highly dependent on molecular mediators released by endothelium. Albeit well-recognized contribution nitric oxide (NO) towards vasodilation, identity compensatory mechanisms maintain vasomotor tone when NO synthesis deranged remain largely unknown in ophthalmic artery. This first study to identify vasodilatory signalling artery...

The α₁-adrenoceptor family plays a critical role in regulating ocular perfusion by mediating responses to catecholamines. purpose of the present study was determine contribution individual subtypes adrenergic vasoconstriction retinal arterioles using gene-targeted mice deficient one three adrenoceptor (α₁A-AR(-/-), α₁B-AR(-/-) and α₁D-AR(-/-) respectively).Using real-time PCR, mRNA expression for determined murine arterioles. To assess functional relevance vascular responses, preparations...

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene mutations are a common predisposition associated with glaucoma. Although the molecular mechanisms largely unknown, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) and their CYP-derived bioactive mediators play crucial roles in ocular system. Here, we elucidated proteome cell-signalling alterations attributed to main human CYP2C deficiency using homologous murine model (Cyp2c44−/−), unravelled effects of acute ω-3 PUFA supplementation two vascular beds comprising...

Delayed onset of antidepressant action is a shortcoming in depression treatment. Ketamine and its metabolite (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK) have emerged as promising rapid-acting antidepressants. However, their mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we first described the anxious depression-prone inbred mouse strain, DBA/2J, an animal model to assess antidepressant-like effects ketamine HNK vivo. To decode molecular mechanisms mediating HNK's rapid effects, longitudinal cerebrospinal...

The use of isolated ocular blood vessels in vitro to decipher the pathophysiological state eye using advanced technological approaches has greatly expanded our understanding certain diseases. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics emerged as a powerful tool unravel alterations molecular mechanisms and protein signaling pathways vascular beds health disease. However, sample preparation steps prior MS analyses are crucial obtain reproducible results in-depth elucidation complex proteome. This...

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) a potent neurotransmitter has been proven to protect RGCs against glaucomatous injury in vitro vivo. This study provide an overall insight H2S’s role glaucoma pathophysiology. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) was induced Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12) elevating intraocular pressure 55 mmHg for 60 min. Six animals received intravitreal injection H2S...