Abstract Among the documented consequences of anthropogenic global warming are increased frequency and duration marine heatwaves in ocean. The literature dedicated to Arctic corroborates those results, but fails identify heat sources sinks. Because numerous feedbacks impacting polar regions, understanding processes triggering dissipating extreme events is particularly important predict their occurrence a fast changing A three‐dimensional regional ice‐ocean numerical model used calculate...

Abstract Accelerating since the early 1990s, Greenland Ice Sheet mass loss exerts a significant impact on thermohaline processes in sub‐Arctic seas. Surplus freshwater discharge from comparable volume to amount of present during Great Salinity Anomaly events, could spread and accumulate seas, influencing convective there. However, hydrographic observations Labrador Sea Nordic Seas, where freshening signal might be expected propagate, do not show persistent upper ocean last two decades. This...

Abstract The Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) stores the largest amount of freshwater in Northern Hemisphere and has been recently losing mass at an increasing rate. An eddy‐permitting ocean general circulation model is forced with realistic estimates flux from GrIS. Two approaches are used to track meltwater its trajectory ocean. We show that western eastern GrIS have markedly different fates, on a decadal time scale. Freshwater west predominantly accumulates Baffin Bay before being exported...

Abstract A set of numerical simulations (with horizontal resolutions 1/4° and 1/12°) is conducted to study the Pacific Water pathway in Arctic Ocean freshwater content Beaufort Gyre. Passive tracer tags entering through Bering Strait into further reveals its circulation routes spatial distribution. Both 1/12° show mainly follows Transpolar Drift over integration period 2002–2016, with a limited amount being able flow eastward along Alaskan coast enter Canadian Archipelago. However, pattern...

Past trends and future projections of key atmospheric, oceanic, sea ice, biogeochemical variables were assessed to increase our understanding climate change impacts on Canadian Arctic marine ecosystems. Four subbasins are evaluated: Beaufort Sea, Archipelago, Baffin Bay/Davis Strait, Hudson Bay Complex. Limited observations, especially for ecosystem variables, compromise the trend analyses. Future predominately from global models with few contributions available basin scale models. The...

Abstract. Sea ice thickness evolution within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) is of great interest to science, as well local communities and their economy. In this study, based on NEMO numerical framework including LIM2 sea module, simulations at both 1∕4 1/12∘ horizontal resolution were conducted from 2002 2016. The model captures general spatial distribution in CAA region, with very thick (∼ 4 m thicker) northern CAA, (2.5 3 m) west-central Parry Channel M'Clintock Channel, thin...

Two sets of simulations for 1993–2005 are carried out with a medium-resolution ocean and sea-ice model covering the North Pacific, Arctic Atlantic Oceans. The first set, using same parameters three different atmospheric forcing datasets (DFS5.2, JRA55-do ERA5), all show too fast melting in spring summer compared ice concentration based on satellite remote sensing. simulation ERA5 obtains smallest (largest deviation from data) summer, thickness both winter, corresponding to largest warm bias...

Abstract The Hudson Bay Complex is the outlet for many Canadian rivers, receiving roughly 900 km 3 /year of river runoff. Historically, studies found a consistent cyclonic flow year‐round in Bay, due to geostrophic boundary current induced by discharge and wind forcing that was supported available observations at time. Using high‐resolution ocean general circulation model, we show summer, mean not but consists multiple small anticyclonic features, with directed through center bay. Absolute...

To identify flow pathways through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, numerical model results were examined using two configurations of Nucleus for European Modelling Ocean (NEMO). After correcting shortwave radiation, models captured much observed spatiotemporal structure sea-ice and ocean circulation in especially southward M'Clintock Channel cyclonic eastern Lancaster Sound. The is driven by ageostrophic accelerations controlled topography. Vorticity dynamics analysis showed that both...

Abstract Greenland ice sheet meltwater runoff has been increasing in recent decades, especially the southwest and northeast. To determine impact of this accelerating flux on Baffin Bay, we examine eight numerical experiments using an ocean‐sea model: Nucleus for European Modelling Ocean. Enhanced causes shoreward sea surface height strengthens stratification Bay. The changes reduces southward transport through Canadian Arctic Archipelago gyre circulation within latter leads to further...

Abstract The long‐term trend of increasing phytoplankton net primary production (NPP) in the Arctic correlates with light penetration due to sea ice loss. However, recent studies suggest that enhanced stormy wind mixing may also play a significant role enhancing NPP. Here, we isolate and winds (hereafter high‐frequency winds) using an eddy‐permitting ice‐ocean‐biogeochemical model configured for North Atlantic Arctic. In model, presence stimulates nutrient upwelling by producing earlier...

Abstract The amount of cross‐isobath freshwater exchange within the North Atlantic subpolar gyre is estimated from numerical modelling simulations. A regional configuration Nucleus for European Modelling Ocean model used to carry out three simulations with horizontal resolutions 1/4°, 1/12°, and 1/4° a 1/12° nested domain. Freshwater transport calculated across five isobaths in six regions distinct water masses. Fresh Polar Water only transported offshore western coast Greenland southern...

Abstract Labrador Sea Water (LSW) is one of the main contributors to lower limb Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. In this study, we explore sensitivity LSW formation model resolution, Greenland melt, absence high‐frequency atmospheric phenomena, and changes in precipitation. We use five numerical simulations at both (1/4)° (1/12)° resolutions. A kinematic subduction approach used obtain rate over period 2004 2016. The control simulation, with showed a mean annual production 1.9 Sv...

Abstract This paper investigates the link between Labrador Sea Water (LSW) formation rate and strength of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation within Sea. LSW is formed in through deep wintertime ocean convection then carried out basin by, among other currents, Deep Western Boundary Current (DWBC) that flows southward along east coast Canada. We used an eddy‐permitting simulation (at 1/12°, horizontal resolution) with Arctic Northern Hemisphere configuration Nucleus for European...

Abstract Baffin Bay exports Arctic Water to the North Atlantic while receiving northward flowing Water. Warm has impacted retreat of tidewater glaciers draining Greenland Ice Sheet. Periods enhanced transport into have been observed, but oceanic processes are still not fully explained. At end 2010 net at Davis Strait, southern gateway Bay, reversed from southward for a month, leading significant heat Bay. This was associated with an extreme high in Blocking Index and stormtrack path that...

A coupled 1-D sea ice-ocean physical-biogeochemical model was developed to investigate the processes governing ice algal and phytoplankton blooms in seasonally ice-covered Arctic Ocean. The column is representative of one grid cell 3-D applications provides a tool for parameterization development. applied Resolute Passage Canadian Archipelago assessed with observations from field campaign during spring 2010. factors considered limit growth simulated algae were light, nutrients, case algae,...

Abstract Icebergs represent approximately half of Greenland's yearly mass loss, having important implications for biological productivity, freshwater fluxes in the ocean, and navigation. This study applies an iceberg model that uses integrated ocean fields (from surface to keel) simulate drift decay Greenland icebergs. version ( VERT ) is compared with a more widely adopted SURF which only its equations. We show icebergs tend along shelf break, while they concentrate coastline. Additionally,...

A coupled ocean and sea-ice pan-Arctic model forced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change A1B climate scenario is used to study evolution of ice surface conditions within Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) during twenty-first century. summer ice-free CAA likely end our simulation. Sea undergoes significant changes from mid-2020s mid-2060s in both concentration thickness. The simulation shows a shrinking 65% thinning 75% over 40 years, resulting partially open Northwest Passage...

Abstract We use a numerical model forced with high temporal and spatial resolution atmospheric forcing to evaluate the volume freshwater transport through Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA). On average, simulated inflow Queen Elizabeth Islands represents 40% of entering CAA M'Clure Strait. The Admunsden Gulf less than 10% total inflow. impact sea ice winds on transports into this region is also investigated. At Nares Strait West Lancaster Sound, overestimated due too‐mobile but different...

Abstract In the context of Canada’s Ocean Protection Plan (OPP), improved coastal and near-shore modelling is needed to enhance marine safety emergency response capacity in aquatic environment. this study, Nucleus for European Modelling (NEMO) adopted develop an ocean forecasting system Saint John harbour Bay Fundy, on east coast Canada. The challenging regional oceanography characterized by presence some world’s strongest tides, significant river runoff complicated geometry. A three-level...