A5080300100- Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Sperm and Testicular Function
- Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Turtle Biology and Conservation
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
- Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
- Phytoestrogen effects and research
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Veterinary Equine Medical Research
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Ovarian function and disorders
- Assisted Reproductive Technology and Twin Pregnancy
San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research
2015-2024
Zoological Society of San Diego
2008-2024
Digital Research Alliance of Canada
2021-2024
Division of Undergraduate Education
2021-2023
Institute of Developmental Physiology
2023
University of Fort Lauderdale
2016
University of Florida
2016
San Diego Natural History Museum
1981
North Carolina State University
1980
University of Manchester
1975
ABSTRACT Of the eight species of Ursidae, six are currently at risk extinction and remainder face significant risks to their future survival. One greatest threats bears is human‐imposed environmental alteration (e.g. global warming, chemical pollutants, deforestation). An examination reproductive biology phylogeny Ursidae reveals seasonality as a probable adaptation adverse conditions. Seven extant exhibit distinct mating birth seasons, with most ancient evolving facultative an increasingly...
With only three living individuals left on this planet, the northern white rhinoceros ( Ceratotherium simum cottoni ) could be considered doomed for extinction. It might still possible, however, to rescue (sub)species by combining novel stem cell and assisted reproductive technologies. To discuss various practical options available us, we convened a multidisciplinary meeting under name “Conservation Cellular Technologies.” The outcome of proposed road map that, if successfully implemented,...
The combination of laser tweezers, fluorescent imaging, and real-time automated tracking trapping (RATTS) can measure sperm swimming speed force simultaneously with mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). This approach is used to study the roles two sources ATP in motility: oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs mitochondria located midpiece glycolysis, along length tail (flagellum). relationships between (a) MMP (b) are studied dog human sperm. effects glucose, phosphorylation inhibitors...
Abstract The ability to rapidly and reliably determine the sex of birds is very important for successful captive‐bird breeding programs, as well field research. Visual inspection adult sufficient sexually dimorphic species, but nestlings monomorphic species are difficult, if not impossible, by sight only. A method rapid extraction gDNA from blood, shell‐membrane blood vessels, fully grown feathers, using Chelex, PCR conditions determination sex‐specific bands in 47 (39 genera, 21 families,...
After ovulation, non-pregnant female giant pandas experience pseudopregnancy. During pseudopregnancy, females exhibit physiological and behavioral changes similar to pregnancy. Monitoring hormonal patterns that are usually different in pregnant mammals not effective at determining pregnancy status many animals undergo including the panda. Therefore, a test distinguish between pseudopregnancy has eluded scientists for decades. We examined other potential markers of found activity acute phase...
Southern white rhinoceros (SWR) poaching has reached record levels, and captive infertility rendered SWR assurance populations no longer self-sustaining. Previous work identified dietary phytoestrogens as a likely cause of this problem. Here, we investigate the role gut microbiota in phenomenon by comparing two species to provide first characterizations microbiomes for any species. To our knowledge, approach, combining parallel sequencing, mass spectrometry, estrogen receptor activation...
Abstract We examined the potential influences of existing social housing arrangements on captive sun bear female reproductive cycling. Three conditions were studied: 1.2, 1.1, and 0.2. Fecal hormone metabolites total estrogens, progestins glucocorticoids compared between three analyzed along with vaginal cytology data in individuals that experienced a change condition. Behavioral collected females each summarized into agonistic, affiliative sexual categories. Results indicated bears are...
Pregnancy determination is difficult in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanolecua), representing a challenge for ex situ conservation efforts. Research other species experiencing pseudopregnancy indicates that urinary/fecal concentrations of 13,14, dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2α (PGFM) can accurately determine pregnancy status. Our objective was to if urinary PGFM are associated with status panda. Urinary were measured female pandas (n = 4) throughout gestation 6) and using commercial...
Abstract The ability to successfully fertilize ova relies upon the swimming of spermatozoa. Both in humans and animals, sperm motility has been used as a metric for viability semen samples. Recently, several studies have examined efficacy low dosage red light exposure cellular repair increasing motility. Of prime importance practical application this technique is absence DNA damage caused by radiation exposure. In study, we examine effect 633 nm coherent, laser on using novel wavelet-based...
Bovine seminal ribonuclease (RNase) diverged from pancreatic RNase after a gene duplication ca. 35 million years ago. Members of the family evidently remained as unexpressed pseudogene for much its evolutionary history. Between 5 and 10 ago, however, divergence kudu but before ox, evidence suggests that was repaired expressed. Intriguingly, detailed analysis sequences repair may have involved conversion, transfer information to pseudogene. Further, ratio non-silent silent substitutions...
This study examines the use of optical trapping as a quantitative measure sperm motility. The effects laser trap duration and power on motility are described between swimming force, swimmimg speed, speed progression (SOP) score. Sperm (SOP scores 2–4) were trapped by continuous-wave 1064 nm single-point gradient trap. Trap quantified for 15, 10, 5 seconds at 420 mW power. Laser powers mW, 350 300 250 five seconds. Swimming SOP score relationships examined shown to minimally affect forces...
American black bears (Ursus americanus) are seasonally polyoestrous and exhibit delayed implantation, which may allow equal independent fertility of recurrent oestruses a mating season.We postulated that the luteal inactivity during implantation allows to have sequential ovulation season such each oestrus female will equivalent fertility, pregnancy would not preclude subsequent superfetation.Controlled experiments were conducted on semi-free-ranging three seasons, wherein females bred by...
Abstract Techniques were developed and validated to measure fecal estrogen progesterone concentrations of the female cheetah. Fecal samples collected from seven mature females. Cheetahs monitored before mating continued until parturition. Four females had normal pregnancies, one conceived but pregnancy resulted in spontaneous abortion, was mated apparently did not conceive treated with gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) induce follicular growth...
Summary. Single trait selection of mice for either large body size or litter resulted in an increased ovulation rate because possible enhanced ovarian sensitivity to gonadotrophins. There was no difference pre-implantation embryonic survival the selected lines when compared control mice. Selection weight did not alter post-implantation embryo survival, but fewer fetuses were lost after implantation line line. Index and small change pre- mortality. decreased early death.
Abstract Reports on semen quality of the cheetah ( Acinonyx jubatus ) indicate that high percentages abnormal morphs and sperm concentrations, 10 times lower than in domestic cats, are found all populations. These characteristics believed to result from unusual genetic homozygosity, hypothesized have been caused by passage species through one or more population bottlenecks during its recent history. In a sample 12 captive‐living males, we be equal inferior those previously reported for males...