ABSTRACT Multidrug therapy is a standard practice when treating infections by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), but few treatment options exist. We conducted this study to define the drug-drug interaction between clofazimine and both amikacin clarithromycin its contribution NTM treatment. Mycobacterium abscessus avium type strains were used. Time-kill assays for alone combined with or performed at concentrations of 0.25× 2× MIC. Pharmacodynamic interactions assessed response surface model...

This study was conducted to generate basic pharmacodynamic information on the relationship between antibiotic concentrations and growth of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM), thereby contribute a better understanding current future drug regimens for diseases caused by RGM.Type strains Mycobacterium abscessus fortuitum were used; MICs cefoxitin, amikacin, moxifloxacin, linezolid clarithromycin determined broth microdilution. Time-kill assays performed, exposing bacteria 2-fold from 0.25 32...

ABSTRACT Mycobacterium abscessus causes chronic pulmonary infections that are extremely difficult to cure. The currently recommended combination therapy is associated with high failure rates and relapse. Tigecycline has been explored in salvage regimens, a response rate of 43% those who received at least month therapy. We performed dose-response study hollow-fiber system model M. infection which we recapitulated tigecycline human concentration-time profiles 8 different doses for 21 days....

Ethionamide (ETH) is an antibiotic used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) (MDR-TB), and its use may be limited with emergence resistance in Mycobacterium population. ETH M. phenomenon independent or cross related when accompanied isoniazid (INH) resistance. In most cases, to INH explained by mutations inhA promoter following genes: katG, ethA, ethR, mshA, ndh, inhA. We sequenced above genes 64 isolates (n = 57 ETH-resistant MDR-TB isolates; n 3 ETH-susceptible...

In a hollow-fiber model, we mimicked the drug exposures achieved in lungs of humans treated with standard amikacin, clarithromycin, and cefoxitin combination therapy for Mycobacterium abscessus infection. At optimal dosing, kill rate -0.09 (95% confidence interval, -0.04 to 0.03) log10 CFU per ml/day was over first 14 days, after which there regrowth due acquired resistance. Thus, regimen quickly failed. A new is needed.

Background Phylogeographic composition of M. tuberculosis populations reveals associations between lineages and human that might have implications for the development strategies to control disease. In Latin America, lineage 4 or Euro-American, is predominant with considerable variations among within countries. Colombia, although few studies from specific localities revealed differences in populations, there are still areas country where this information lacking, as a comparison Colombian...

The treatment of pulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus disease is associated with very high failure rates and easily acquired drug resistance. Amikacin the key in regimens, but optimal doses are unknown. No good preclinical model exists to perform formal pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics experiments determine these doses. We developed a hollow-fiber system M. studied amikacin exposure effects dose scheduling. mimicked human pharmacokinetics. Both microbial kill resistance were linked peak...

Bioactive secondary metabolite production from endophytic fungi has gained a recurring research focus in recent decades as these microorganisms represent an unexplored biological niche for their diverse biotechnological potential. Despite this focus, studies involving tropical endophytes remain scarce, particularly those isolated medicinal plants of ecosystems. In addition, the state art pharmaceutical industry experienced stagnation past 30years, which pushed pathogenic infections to get...

Abstract Using spoligotyping, we identified 13 genotypes and 17 orphan types among 160 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. The Beijing genotype represented 15.6% of the was correlated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, female sex patients, residence Buenaventura may represent a new public health threat.

ABSTRACT Luciferase reporter phages (LRPs) have proven to be efficient tools for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Luminometric detection LRP activity offers higher sensitivity and quantitative results, while a Polaroid film method “low-tech” inexpensive alternative that is called the Bronx box. In this work we evaluated, improved, compared performance luminometer box formats with LRPs by using 51 clinical isolates M. , agar proportion (PM) serving as reference. The...

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with varying modes of transmission and clinical expression that affects humans inhabiting urban rural areas worldwide. In Colombia, little known regarding leptospirosis in settings.To establish the seroprevalence leptospiral infection humans, to assess serological reactivity identify factors associated seropositivity.We conducted an prevalence study 259 inhabitants peripheral neighborhoods city Cali, stratified by sex age. Sociodemographic information,...

Previous evaluations of the molecular GenoType tests have promoted their use to detect resistance first- and second-line antituberculosis drugs in different geographical regions. However, there are known geographic variations mutations associated with drug Mycobacterium tuberculosis, especially South America, is a paucity information regarding frequencies types drugs. We therefore evaluated performance kits this region by testing 228 M. tuberculosis isolates Colombia, including 134 resistant...

This study aimed to provide basic pharmacodynamic information for key antibiotics used treat Mycobacterium avium and xenopi pulmonary disease. M. subspecies hominissuis IWGMT49 ATCC 19250 type strains were used; the MICs of clarithromycin, amikacin moxifloxacin determined by broth microdilution. Time–kill assays performed, exposing bacteria 2-fold concentrations from 0.062× 32× MIC at 37°C 240 h or 42 days xenopi. The sigmoid maximum effect (Emax) model was fitted time–kill curve data....

Current regimens used to treat pulmonary Mycobacterium abscessus disease have limited efficacy. There is an urgent need for new drugs and optimized combinations doses. We performed hollow-fiber-system studies in which M. was exposed moxifloxacin lung concentration-time profiles similar human doses of between 0 800 mg/day. The minimum bactericidal concentration MIC were 8 2 mg/liter, respectively, our strain, suggesting activity. Measurement the concentrations each hollow-fiber system...

Beijing strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (lineage 2) have been associated with drug-resistance and transmission worldwide. Most the identified in Colombian Pacific coast exhibited a multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype. We sought to evaluate clonality sublineage circulating Southwestern Colombia. Thirty-seven were through spoligotyping out 311 clinical isolates collected 9 years from 2002-2010. Further analysis by MIRU-VNTR 24 loci was conducted for strains. For classification, deletions...

Alternative, non-microscopic methods for the diagnosis of malaria have recently become available. Among these, rapid dipstick stand out. One such test, OptiMAL®, is based on immunochromatographic detection Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) and has capacity to detect distinguish infections caused by P. falciparum sp. This particularly important in countries where different species co-exist. In this study we evaluated performance OptiMAL® an urban referral center diagnosis. Two sets...

In Colombia, little information is available concerning the epidemiology of leptospirosis in urban environments. Furthermore, role dogs transmission cycle setting unclear. To explore potential canines Cali, a serological study was conducted with 197 serum samples collected from stray during 2001 and 2003. Serum specimens were screened Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) 7 serovars--Icterohaemorrhagiae, Canicola, Gryppotyphosa, Hardjo strain Hardjobovis, Pomona, Hardjoprajitno Bratislava....

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous microorganisms naturally resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants that can colonize drinking water supply systems. Information regarding the spread of NTM in specifically South America Colombia is limited. We aimed identify characterize present tap samples from Cali, Colombia. Drinking faucet biofilm swabs were collected 18 places, including city's three main treatment plants (WTPs). Filter-trapped material eluates (0.45 μm) swab washes...

Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), which is TB resistant to isoniazid and rifampin plus one fluoroquinolone a second-line injectable drug, represents an obstacle for the treatment control of TB. Previously, we reported four XDR-TB cases high proportion Beijing

Different nematodes affect canines, however Acanthocheilonema reconditum was considered mostly a non-pathogenic parasite. Climate change, animal migration, and other factors transformed the dynamics of vector-borne diseases, including filariasis. Since 2016, sudden increase in number dogs with microfilaremia reported by different veterinary centers Cali, southwest Colombia. The objective this study to molecularly identify etiologic agent filariasis outbreak detected city, using PCR–RFLP...

Introducción. El tratamiento acortado estrictamente supervisado hace parte de una estrategia multifactorial adoptada por la Organización Mundial Salud para controlar tuberculosis y en Colombia alcanza cobertura 70%.Objetivo. Establecer las características clínicas, epidemiológicas microbiológicas el desenlace terapia antituberculosa, cohorte pacientes nuevos con diagnóstico pulmonar baciloscopia positiva Cali, Colombia.Materiales métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, anidado...