This study was designed to examine whether proactive and reactive aggression are meaningful distinctions at the variable- person-based level, determine their associated behavioral profiles. Data from 587 adolescents (mean age 15.6; 71.6 % male) clinical samples of four different sites with differing levels problems were analyzed. A multi-level Latent Class Analysis (LCA) conducted identify classes individuals (person-based) similar profiles based on factor scores (variable-based) Reactive...

Impulsivity and compulsivity have been implicated as important transdiagnostic dimensional phenotypes with potential relevance to addiction. We aimed develop a model that conceptualizes these constructs overlapping test whether different components of this explain the co-occurrence addictive related behaviors.A large sample adults (N = 487) was recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk completed self-report questionnaires measuring impulsivity, intolerance uncertainty, obsessive beliefs,...

Abstract Multiple cross-sectional imaging studies have identified structural abnormalities in prefrontal, temporal and limbic regions related to conduct problems (CPs). However, the relationship between development of such neurobiological deficits developmental pathways CPs has remained unclear. The current study investigated distinct trajectories CP cortical thickness within a community-based sample adolescents ( n =239), age range 12–19, address this gap. Three trajectory classes were...

One tradition in research for explaining aggression and antisocial behavior has focused on social information processing (SIP). Aggression have also been studied from the perspective of executive functions (EFs), higher-order cognitive abilities that affect other processes, such as processes. The main goal present study is to provide insight into relation between EFs SIP adolescents with severe problems. Because hierarchical SIP, we examined predictors SIP. We hypothesized that, first,...

The Reactive Proactive Questionnaire (RPQ) was originally developed to assess reactive and proactive aggressive behavior in children. Nevertheless, some studies have used the RPQ adults. This study examines reliability of within an adult sample by investigating whether aggression can be distinguished at a variable- person-based level. Male adults from forensic samples (N = 237) general population 278) completed questionnaire. Variable-based approaches, including factor analyses, were...

Abstract Background Aggression is often divided into reactive and proactive forms. Reactive aggression typically thought to encompass ‘blaming others’ ‘assuming the worst’, while relates ‘self‐centeredness’ ‘minimising/mislabelling’. Aim Our aim was evaluate relationships between cognitive distortions test whether changes in these cognitions relate aggression. Methods A total of 151 adolescents (60% boys; mean age 15.05 years, standard deviation 1.28) were enrolled an evidence‐based...

Constructive relationships between staff and young people in custody are a vital component of therapeutic youth justice approach, which extends to the maintenance safe secure environment (i.e., relational security). Despite growing recognition that physical facility impacts procedures within environment, as well people, there is dearth research this area.We investigated custodial staffs' views on, approaches to, establishing with while maintaining safety security. The current study reports...

Abstract Aim Primary mental health care services play an important role in prevention and early intervention efforts to reduce the prevalence impact of problems amongst young people. This paper aimed (1) investigate whether commissioned by Australia’s 31 Health Networks provided accessible increasingly reached children youth across Australia, (2) identify challenges of, facilitating factors to, implementing for with, or at risk severe illness (i.e., enhanced services) 10 PHNs which acted as...

Estimates suggest that over a million children per year are deprived of their liberty across the world. Little is known about types, ethos or distribution secure beds in which they detained.This study aims to provide quantitative data with background information, explore similarities and differences jurisdictions, inform critical inquiry into key concepts practices.Data was obtained using an opportunistic sample affluent countries, derived from emerging academic/practice network senior...

The National Suicide Prevention Trial was announced by the Australian Government in 2016 and aimed to prevent suicidal behaviour 12 trial sites (representing a population of ~8 million). This study investigated early population-level impact activity on rates suicide hospital admissions for self-harm comparison control areas.Relative absolute differences monthly were compared period after implementation (July 2017-November 2020) prior (January 2010-June 2017) (1) 'National areas' (2) 'Control...

Attenuated activity of stress-regulating systems has consistently been reported in boys with conduct problems. Results studies girls are inconsistent, which may result from the high prevalence comorbid post-trauma symptoms. Therefore, aim present study is to investigate symptoms as a potential mediator relation between stress-regulation functioning and problems female adolescents. The sample consisted 78 adolescents (mean age 15.4; SD 1.1) admitted closed treatment institution. diagnosis...

National systems-based suicide prevention approaches are increasingly being implemented. Community participation is fundamental to the successful implementation of these approaches, but can be challenging undertake. We present findings from evaluation Australia's Suicide Prevention Trial (the Trial).We completed consultations with 127 community members and 46 Primary Health Network (PHN) staff. Thematic analysis was undertaken understand process in planning Trial.Themes were identified...

Abstract Purpose This review aimed to examine (1) stigmatising attitudes of probation, parole and custodial officers (hereafter referred as correctional staff) towards people with mental health issues, (2) the potential impacts these on client treatment (3) what is currently known about anti‐stigma interventions in settings. Method Academic databases were searched for peer‐reviewed dissertation literature published between 1 January 2000 10 February 2022. Eligible studies included...

Youth justice settings should provide a safe, therapeutic environment and tailored approach. Current custodial models rarely meet these aims; in part because focus on security tends to outweigh an emphasis care, which diminishes rather than encourages young people’s positive development. Drawing the results of three-year evaluation reforms Netherlands, including small-scale, community-embedded facilities with relational security. By outlining target population, key operational elements,...

Youth justice settings should provide safe, therapeutic environments, tailored to young people's needs. Current custodial models rarely meet these aims, mainly because a focus on security tends outweigh an emphasis care, diminishing rather than encouraging positive development. This article reports three-year evaluation of youth reforms in the Netherlands, including small-scale, community-embedded facilities with relational security. We outline key operational elements and conditions for...

Abstract: Aim: This paper reports preliminary evidence of the impacts Australia’s first residential peer-support service for people at risk suicide. Methods: Psychological distress was measured preintervention, postintervention, and after 3 months analyzed using paired t tests. Interviews were held postintervention thematic analysis. Results: significantly improved from preintervention to ( n = 16, d 1.77) follow-up 5, 1.12). 10) indicated that participants experienced improvements in mental...

Constructive relationships between staff and young people in youth justice detention are a vital component of therapeutic approach, which extends to the maintenance safe environment (i.e. relational security). However, there is dearth research on security how it can be implemented operationalized conventional settings. Our aim was understand custodial officers' views on, approaches to, establishing approach with people, while maintaining safety security. Participants Setting We conducted...