A5019911441- Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Sleep and related disorders
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Light effects on plants
- Neutrino Physics Research
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Computational Physics and Python Applications
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Dietary Effects on Health
- melanin and skin pigmentation
University of Oxford
2016-2025
Neuroscience Institute
2016-2025
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust
2025
Lancaster University
1999-2022
Oxford Centre for Computational Neuroscience
2016-2021
Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre
2012-2021
Science Oxford
2021
Centre for Human Genetics
2006-2020
Canadian Sleep & Circadian Network
2018
John Radcliffe Hospital
2008-2016
The pacemaker role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in a mammalian circadian system was tested by neural transplantation using mutant strain hamster that shows short period. Small grafts from region restored rhythms to arrhythmic animals whose own had been ablated. always exhibited period donor genotype regardless direction transplant or host. basic overt rhythm therefore is determined cells region.
Circadian rhythms of mammals are entrained by light to follow the daily solar cycle (photoentrainment). To determine whether retinal rods and cones required for this response, effects on regulation circadian wheel-running behavior were examined in mice lacking these photoreceptors. Mice without ( cl ) or both rdta/cl showed unattenuated phase-shifting responses light. Removal eyes abolishes behavior. Thus, neither nor photoentrainment, murine eye contains additional photoreceptors that...
In the mammalian retina, a small subset of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are intrinsically photosensitive, express opsin-like protein melanopsin, and project to brain nuclei involved in non–image-forming visual functions such as pupillary light reflex circadian photoentrainment. We report that mice with melanopsin gene ablated, RGCs retrograde-labeled from suprachiasmatic were no longer although their number, morphology, projections unchanged. These animals showed indistinguishable wild type...
BackgroundSleep difficulties might be a contributory causal factor in the occurrence of mental health problems. If this is true, improving sleep should benefit psychological health. We aimed to determine whether treating insomnia leads reduction paranoia and hallucinations.MethodsWe did single-blind, randomised controlled trial (OASIS) at 26 UK universities. University students with were randomly assigned (1:1) simple randomisation receive digital cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for or...
In mammals, ocular photoreceptors mediate an acute inhibition of pineal melatonin by light. The effect rod and cone loss on this response was assessed combining the rd mutation with a transgenic ablation cones ( cl ) to produce mice lacking both photoreceptor classes. Despite all known retinal photoreceptors, rd/rd showed normal suppression in monochromatic light wavelength 509 nanometers. These data indicate that mammals have additional they use regulation temporal physiology.
Background Sleep disturbances comparable with insomnia occur in up to 80% of people schizophrenia, but very little is known about the contribution circadian coordination these prevalent disruptions. Aims A systematic exploration time patterns individuals schizophrenia recurrent sleep disruption. Method We examined relationship between sleep–wake activity, recorded actigraphically over 6 weeks, along ambient light exposure and simultaneous clock timing, by collecting weekly 48 h profiles a...
Digital cognitive behavioral therapy (dCBT) is a scalable and effective intervention for treating insomnia. Most people with insomnia, however, seek help because of the daytime consequences poor sleep, which adversely affects quality life.To investigate effect dCBT insomnia on functional health, psychological well-being, sleep-related life to determine whether reduction in symptoms was mediating factor.This online, 2-arm, parallel-group randomized trial comparing sleep hygiene education...
As the ear has dual functions for audition and balance, eye a role in detecting light wide range of behavioral physiological separate from sight [1Czeisler C.A. Shanahan T.L. Klerman E.B. Martens H. Brotman D.J. Emens J.S. Klein T. Rizzo 3rd, J.F. Suppression melatonin secretion some blind patients by exposure to bright light.N. Engl. J. Med. 1995; 332: 6-11Crossref PubMed Scopus (532) Google Scholar, 2Ruberg F.L. Skene Hanifin J.P. Rollag M.D. English Arendt Brainard G.C. Melatonin...
Seasonal recurrence of biological processes (phenology) and its relationship to environmental change is recognized as being key scientific public concern, but current study largely overlooks the extent which phenology based on time-keeping mechanisms. We highlight relevance physiological neurobiological regulation for organisms' responsiveness conditions. Focusing avian mammalian examples, we describe circannual rhythmicity reproduction, migration hibernation, address responses animals...
Retinal photoreceptors entrain the circadian system to solar day. This photic resetting involves cAMP response element binding protein (CREB)-mediated upregulation of Per genes within individual cells suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). Our detailed understanding this pathway is poor, and it remains unclear why entrainment a new time zone takes several days. By analyzing light-regulated transcriptome SCN, we have identified key role for salt inducible kinase 1 (SIK1) CREB-regulated transcription...
Sleep disturbance occurs in most patients with delusions or hallucinations and should be treated as a clinical problem its own right. However, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)-the best evidence-based treatment for insomnia-has not been tested this patient population. We aimed to pilot procedures randomised trial testing CBT sleep problems current psychotic experiences, provide preliminary assessment of potential benefit.We did prospective, assessor-blind, controlled (Better Trial [BEST])...