A5084599446- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Neurological disorders and treatments
- Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Sleep and related disorders
- Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery
2015-2025
University College London
2016-2025
Oslo University Hospital
2024
University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2021
King's College London
1999-2020
University Hospital Galway
2020
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2018-2020
Sobell House
2015-2019
Neurosciences Institute
2019
Brigham and Women's Hospital
2019
These updated guidelines from the British Association for Psychopharmacology replace original version published in 2011. They address scope and targets of pharmacological treatment schizophrenia. A consensus meeting was held 2017, involving experts schizophrenia its treatment. were asked to review key areas consider strength evidence on risk-benefit balance interventions clinical implications, with an emphasis meta-analyses, systematic reviews randomised controlled trials where available,...
Background Sleep disturbances comparable with insomnia occur in up to 80% of people schizophrenia, but very little is known about the contribution circadian coordination these prevalent disruptions. Aims A systematic exploration time patterns individuals schizophrenia recurrent sleep disruption. Method We examined relationship between sleep–wake activity, recorded actigraphically over 6 weeks, along ambient light exposure and simultaneous clock timing, by collecting weekly 48 h profiles a...
Abstract Multiple surgical targets for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder with deep brain stimulation (DBS) have been proposed. However, different may modulate the same neural network responsible clinical improvement. We analyzed data from four cohorts of patients ( N = 50) that underwent DBS to anterior limb internal capsule (ALIC), nucleus accumbens or subthalamic (STN). The fiber bundle was associated optimal response in targeting either structure. This connected frontal regions STN....
Collective evidence has strongly suggested that deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising therapy for Tourette syndrome.To assess the efficacy and safety of DBS in multinational cohort patients with syndrome.The prospective International Deep Brain Stimulation Database Registry included 185 medically refractory syndrome who underwent implantation from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016, at 31 institutions 10 countries worldwide.Patients symptoms received centromedian thalamic region (93...
To determine the feasibility of conducting a randomised controlled trial specialist physiotherapy intervention for functional motor symptoms (FMS).A study was conducted recruiting patients with clinically established diagnosis FMS from tertiary neurology clinic in London, UK. Participants were to or treatment as usual control. Measures and clinical outcome collected assessed at 6 months.60 individuals recruited over 9-month period. Three withdrew, leaving 29 28 controls participants final...
BackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging treatment for severe obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We compared the efficacy of ventral capsule/ventral striatal (VC/VS) and anteromedial subthalamic nucleus (amSTN) DBS in same patients tested mechanistic differences on mood cognitive flexibility associated neural circuitry. The possible synergistic benefit at both sites behavioral therapy was explored.MethodsSix with treatment-refractory OCD (5 men; Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive...
Abstract Frontal circuits play a critical role in motor, cognitive and affective processing, their dysfunction may result variety of brain disorders. However, exactly which frontal domains mediate (dys)functions remains largely elusive. We studied 534 deep stimulation electrodes implanted to treat four different By analyzing connections were modulated for optimal therapeutic response across these disorders, we segregated the cortex into that had become dysfunctional each them. Dysfunctional...
Background. We tested the hypothesis that schizophrenia is primarily a frontostriatal disorder by examining executive function in first-episode patients. Previous studies have shown either equal decrements many cognitive domains or specific deficits memory. Such grouped test results used few measures, thus, possibly losing information. We, therefore, measured range of ability with tests known to be sensitive frontal lobe function.Methods. Thirty schizophrenic patients and 30 normal...
Substance use may be a risk factor for the onset of schizophrenia.To examine association between substance and age at in UK, inner-city sample people with recent-onset schizophrenia.The study consisted 152 recruited to West London First-Episode Schizophrenia Study. Self-reported data on drug alcohol use, as well information psychosis, were collected. Mental state, cognition (IQ, memory executive function) social function also assessed.In total, 60% participants smokers, 27% reported history...
Background It has been suggested that some psychotic symptoms reflect ‘aberrant salience’, related to dysfunctional reward learning. To test this hypothesis we investigated whether patients with schizophrenia showed impaired learning of task-relevant stimulus–reinforcement associations in the presence distracting task-irrelevant cues. Method We tested 20 medicated and 17 controls on a reaction time game, Salience Attribution Test. In participants made speeded response earn money conditioned...
The intradimensional/extradimensional (IDED) task assesses different forms of learning from feedback. Limited evidence suggests that attentional set-shifting deteriorates over time in schizophrenia. We tested this hypothesis and examined the specificity impairments identified by task.Two hundred sixty-two first-episode patients 76 healthy control subjects, matched for age premorbid IQ, were tested; 104 25 subjects reassessed 1 3 years later, 31 additionally 6 later.Patients showed impaired...
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder which has significant detrimental impact on the health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) patients. However, no patient-reported HR-QOL measures have been developed for this population.The development and validation new scale quantitative assessment in patients with GTS.In stage 1 (item generation), pool 40 potential items was generated based interviews 133 GTS outpatients, literature review, consultation experts. In 2...
Background Studies in schizophrenia suggest that a longer initial period of untreated illness is associated with poorer clinical outcome. Aims To determine whether, first-episode schizophrenia, duration psychosis (DUP) or (DUI) (DUP plus any prodrome) variables could mediate poor prognosis. Method Clinical, social, neuropsychological and oculomotor function data on 53 patients were related to the DUP DUI. Results Comparing short long groups split around median showed no statistically...
The "aberrant salience" model proposes that psychotic symptoms first emerge when chaotic brain dopamine transmission leads to the attribution of significance stimuli would normally be considered irrelevant. This is thought occur during prodromal phase disorders, but this prediction has not been tested previously. In present study, we in 18 healthy volunteers and unmedicated individuals at ultra-high risk psychosis. Subjects performed Salience Attribution Test, which provides behavioral...
Synopsis To examine whether poor verbal fluency in schizophrenia represents a degraded semantic store or inefficient access to normal store, 25 volunteers and 50 DSM-III-R schizophrenic patients, matched for age, sex IQ, were recruited. Although patients impaired on both letter category fluency, they showed pattern of output that was superior an improvement when cueing technique employed (Randolph et al. 1993). These results resemble those found disorders frontostriatal systems (Parkinson's...
Aim: The aim of this paper is to increase awareness the prevalence and cost psychiatric neurological disorders (brain disorders) in UK. Method: UK data for 18 brain were extracted from a systematic review European epidemiological rates costs each disorder summarized (2010 values). Results: There approximately 45 million cases UK, with €134 billion per annum. most prevalent headache, anxiety disorders, sleep mood somatoform disorders. However, five costly (€ million) were: dementia: €22,164;...
Twenty one patients in a residential rehabilitation program fulfilling International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD) criteria for alcohol dependence syndrome were recruited. On neuropsychological tests, dependent relapsed early if they made choices governed by immediate gain irrespective later outcome, which is consistent with dysfunctional ventromedial-prefrontal cortex mediating the inability to resist impulse drink despite ultimately deleterious effects. The authors suggest that use...
<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background</h3> The antibiotic minocycline has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties that could prevent or reverse progressive neuropathic changes implicated in recent-onset schizophrenia. In the BeneMin study, we aimed to replicate benefit of on negative symptoms reported previous pilot studies, understand mechanisms involved. <h3>Methods</h3> this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, recruited people with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder had...