A5016544125- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Treatment of Major Depression
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Mental Health Research Topics
- Neurological and metabolic disorders
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
King's College London
2016-2025
South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
2015-2024
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging
2013-2024
University of London
2007-2024
National Health Service
2024
University College London
2009-2024
National Institute for Health Research
2021-2024
University of California, Irvine
2024
University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
2022
Social Neuroscience Lab
2019-2022
The indirect catecholamine agonist methylphenidate (Ritalin) is the drug treatment of choice in attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), one most common behavioral disorders childhood (DSM-IV), although symptoms may persist into adulthood.Methylphenidate can enhance cognitive performance adults and children diagnosed with AD/HD (Kempton et al., 1999;Riordan 1999) also normal human volunteers on tasks sensitive to frontal lobe damage, including aspects spatial working memory (SWM)...
Efficient behavior involves the coordinated activity of large-scale brain networks, but way in which these networks interact is uncertain. One theory that salience network (SN)—which includes anterior cingulate cortex, presupplementary motor area, and insulae—regulates dynamic changes other networks. If this case, then damage to structural connectivity SN should disrupt regulation associated To investigate hypothesis, we studied a group 57 patients with cognitive impairments following...
Stopping an action in response to unexpected event requires both that the is attended to, and inhibited. Previous neuroimaging investigations of stopping have failed adequately separate these cognitive elements. Here we used a version widely Stop Signal Task controls for attentional capture stop signals. This allowed us fractionate contributions frontal regions, including right inferior gyrus medial cortex, capture, inhibition, error processing. A ventral system, gyrus, has been shown...
The adoption into the UK of children who have been reared in severely deprived conditions provides an opportunity to study possible association between very early negative experiences and subsequent brain development. This cross-sectional was a pilot for planned larger quantifying effects deprivation on later structure. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measure sizes three key regions hypothesized be sensitive adverse experiences. Our sample group adoptee adolescents (N = 14) had...
Objective: Neuroimaging studies show structural alterations of various brain regions in children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although nonreplications are frequent. The authors sought to identify cortical characteristics related ADHD using large-scale studies. Methods: Cortical thickness surface area (based on the Desikan–Killiany atlas) were compared between case subjects (N=2,246) control (N=1,934) for children, adolescents, separately ENIGMA-ADHD, a...
A randomly selected sample of 165 children from Romania (of whom 144 had been reared in institutions) who were adopted by UK families, with placement before the age 42 months, was studied at 4, 6, and 11 years age. Comparisons made a 52 non-institutionalized 6 same way. The paper briefly summarizes circumstances time adoption then reports findings 11, focusing on changes between 11. Marked catch-up psychological functioning evident following adoption, but significant problems continued...
Early childhood deprivation is associated with higher rates of neurodevelopmental and mental disorders in adulthood. The impact on the adult brain extent to which structural changes underpin these effects are currently unknown. To investigate questions, we utilized MRI data collected from young adults who were exposed severe early Romanian orphanages Ceaușescu era then, subsequently adopted by UK families; 67 adoptees (with between 3 41 mo deprivation) compared 21 nondeprived adoptees. had...
Abstract Recent studies have shown that drug‐induced spatial alteration patterns in resting state functional activity as measured using magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) are associated with the distribution of specific receptor systems targeted by respective compounds. Based on this approach, we introduce a toolbox (JuSpace) allowing for cross‐modal correlation MRI‐based measures nuclear derived estimates covering various neurotransmitter including dopaminergic, serotonergic,...
Objective: Catecholamine stimulant drugs are highly efficacious treatments for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (AD/HD). modulation in humans influences performance of numerous cognitive tasks, including tests and working memory (WM). Clear delineation the effects methylphenidate upon such functions AD/HD would enhance understanding drug treatment. Method: Here we present a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study an acute dose ( c . .5 mg/kg) 14 boys aged 10.86 (±1.19) years meeting...
Severe deprivation in the first few years of life is associated with multiple difficulties cognition and behavior. However, brain basis for these poorly understood. Structural functional neuroimaging studies have implicated limbic system structures as dysfunctional, one imaging study a heterogeneous group maltreated individuals has confirmed presence abnormalities basal ganglia. Based on known dopaminergic from experimental animals using social isolation, we used task monetary reward...