The safety, pharmacokinetics, and antiretroviral activity of lamivudine alone in combination with zidovudine was studied pregnant women infected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) their neonates. Women received the drugs orally from week 38 pregnancy to after delivery. Neonate therapy began 12 h delivery continued for week. Both treatment regimens were well-tolerated newborns. Lamivudine pharmacokinetics similar those nonpregnant adults. freely crossed placenta secreted breast milk....

Abacavir (1592U89) is a nucleoside inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Resistance to abacavir was studied with alone and in combination other analogues cell culture, isolates from zidovudine/lamivudine clinical trials, the first dose-escalating 12-week trial (CNA2001) evaluate potency. vitro selected for mutations at HIV RT codons K65R, L74V, Y115F, M184V. However, combined zidovudine against M184V mutation. therapy vivo resulted large decreases...

Objective To assess the antiviral efficacy, safety and adherence in patients switched to an abacavir-containing nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) regimen after long-term HIV-1 RNA suppression with a dual NRTI/protease (PI) combination. Methods In open-label, multicentre study, receiving 2NRTI plus PI for at least 6 months, history of undetectable plasma since initiation therapy < 50 copies/ml screening, were randomly assigned replace abacavir (n = 105) or continue same...

To examine changes in HIV-1 susceptibility (genotype and phenotype) during an initial abacavir monotherapy phase followed by the addition of zidovudine lamivudine.Sixty infected, antiretroviral therapy-naive subjects were randomized to receive 100, 300 or 600 mg twice daily. Subjects completing 24 weeks therapy meeting a protocol defined switch criterion could open label abacavir/zidovudine/lamivudine.Plasma reverse transcriptase was genotyped at baseline, week 12, last time point on ABC...

Objective To evaluate HIV-1 reverse transcriptase genotypic and phenotypic indicators of resistance to abacavir (ABC) as predictors ABC antiviral efficacy. Design The study was a retrospective, combined analysis five multicentre trials in which added single agent background antiretroviral therapy experienced adults. Methods Baseline genotype susceptibility were determined the association phenotype with virological response after addition analysed. Results Overall, 68% these...

To compare the antiviral activity of abacavir (ABC) with stable background therapy (SBG) and SBG alone in antiretroviral therapy-experienced subjects as demonstrated by proportion plasma HIV-1 RNA < or = 400 copies/ml, CD4 cell count profiles, safety tolerance two regimens over 16 weeks.One-hundred eighty-five infected adults, counts > 100 x 10(6)/l 400-50,000 copies/ml who had received for at least 12 weeks, were randomized to receive ABC (300 mg twice daily) placebo a double blind,...

The resistance of HIV clinical isolates with or without M184V was analysed in relation to plasma HIV-1-RNA level and time on therapy. number thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) lower M184V, this independent therapy for T215F/Y, D67N L210W. This suggests a direct effect the reduced selection TAMs. Lamivudine use significantly associated median fold zidovudine stavudine. Treatments lamivudine lamivudine/zidovudine retain significant activity despite [1,2]. Larder et al. [3] showed that delay...

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. It imposes an enormous symptomatic burden on patients, leaving many with residual despite optimal procedural therapy and up to one-thirds debilitating angina amenable neither procedures, nor current pharmacological options. Semaglutide (SEM), a GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) agonist originally approved for management diabetes, has garnered substantial attention its capacity attenuate cardiovascular risk. Although...

ABSTRACT Mutations selected or deselected during passage of human immunodeficiency virus strain HXB2 resistant variants with tenofovir (TFV), abacavir (ABC), and lamivudine (3TC) differed depending on the drug combination genotype. In wild-type virus, TFV-ABC TFV-3TC K65R (with reduced susceptibility to all three inhibitors) then Y115F. TFV-containing regimens might increase selection, which confers multiple nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance.

Abacavir (ABC) selects for four mutations (K65R, L74V, Y115F and M184V) in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), both vitro during monotherapy vivo. The aim of this analysis was to compare the selection these other nucleoside inhibitor (NRTI)-associated by ABC-containing therapies presence absence concurrent lamivudine (3TC) and/or zidovudine (ZDV) assess effect on phenotypic susceptibility NRTIs.This study a retrospective patterns NRTI-associated selected following virological failure six...

To determine HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) and protease (PRO) mutations selected in isolates from antiretroviral therapy (ART)-experienced patients receiving an efavirenz/abacavir/amprenavir salvage regimen.Open-label, single arm of abacavir, 300 mg twice daily, amprenavir, 1200 daily efavirenz, 600 once ART-experienced which 42% were non-nucleoside inhibitor-naive. The virology population examined consisted all who took at least 16 weeks study drugs (n=74). Plasma sequencing was carried...

Our novel lab-grown, human 3-D extracellular matrix (ECM) represents a therapeutic approach to prevent pathological remodeling and heart failure in an animal model of attack. This finding may help develop nonsurgical modalities aimed at reducing the global burden cardiovascular disease.

Introduction: Interest is increasing in using novel diabetic medications, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists, to manage coronary artery disease. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors enhance activity through the same pathway agonists; however, DPP-4 have not been fully evaluated setting of ischemic heart We chose study inhibitor linagliptin (LIN) a swine model chronic myocardial ischemia (CMI). Goals: Study effect LIN clinically relevant CMI gain insight into potential therapies for...

Introduction: The effect of obesogenic diet on the outcomes coronary artery disease are controversial with some clinical studies suggesting a paradoxical favorable obesity. We seek to better understand effects high-fat chronic myocardial ischemia using swine model and Proteomic Analysis. Methods: Twenty 6-week-old Yorkshire received 5 weeks normal (n=9, ND) or (n=11, HFD) prior placement an ameroid constrictor left circumflex induce ischemia. continued ND HFD for seven after procedure. At...

Interest is increasing in using novel diabetic medications, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, to manage coronary artery disease. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors enhance GLP-1 activity through the same pathway agonists; however, DPP-4 have not been fully evaluated setting of ischemic heart We chose study inhibitor linagliptin (LIN) a porcine model chronic ischemia. Seventeen Yorkshire swine underwent left thoracotomy and ameroid constrictor placement over...

Objective Although both clinical data and animal models suggest cardiovascular benefits following administration of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We therefore sought to evaluate effect DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin on myocardial fibrosis, insulin signaling in chronic ischemia using a swine model. An ameroid constrictor placement left coronary circumflex artery thirteen Yorkshire model ischemia. After two weeks recovery, were assigned one...