A5024720881- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- Child and Adolescent Health
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Migraine and Headache Studies
- Research in Social Sciences
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Organ Transplantation Techniques and Outcomes
- Pregnancy and Medication Impact
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
- Restraint-Related Deaths
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Ethics and Legal Issues in Pediatric Healthcare
- Patient Safety and Medication Errors
Helsinki University Hospital
2009-2021
Helsinki Children's Hospital
1987-2021
University of Helsinki
2007-2017
American Association of Poison Control Centers
2013
Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa
2013
Metrum Research Group (United States)
2008
University of Oulu
2004
Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research
1999
Children's Hospital
1997
Finnish Medical Society Duodecim
1997
Efficacy of drugs for the acute treatment migraine in children has not so far been studied well controlled trials.We conducted a study to evaluate efficacy acetaminophen and ibuprofen. Eighty-eight children, aged 4.0 15.8 years, with participated double-blind crossover study. Three attacks per child were treated random order single oral doses 15 mg/kg acetaminophen, 10 ibuprofen, placebo at home. The primary end point, reduction severe or moderate headache (grade >or=to 3 on scale 1 5) by...
ABSTRACT Fluconazole is being increasingly used to prevent and treat invasive candidiasis in neonates, yet dosing largely empirical due the lack of adequate pharmacokinetic (PK) data. We performed a multicenter population PK study fluconazole 23- 40-week-gestation infants less than 120 days age. developed model using nonlinear mixed effect modeling (NONMEM) with NONMEM algorithm. Covariate effects were predefined evaluated based on estimation precision clinical significance. studied 55 who...
<b><i>Objective:</i></b> To investigate the efficacy of nasal sumatriptan in migraine attacks children and adolescents. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-way crossover trial was conducted three hospital outpatient departments, with 8 to 17 year olds diagnosed serving as subjects (International Headache Society 1988). single dose spray a matching placebo were administered at home during two attacks. The 10 mg for body weight 20 39 kg those ≥40 kg. primary endpoint...
Inositol influences cellular function and organ maturation. Feeding premature infants inositol-rich breast milk increases their serum inositol concentrations. Whether supplementation benefits receiving fluids for parenteral nutrition, which are inositol-free, is not known.
Oral sumatriptan is an effective acute treatment for migraine in adults, but its efficacy children still undetermined. Twenty-three children, aged 8.3 to 16.4 years, took both and placebo a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. The primary endpoint was > or = 50% decrease pain intensity on 100-mm visual analogue scale at 2 hours. Other endpoints of were difference (PID), showing relief each time point; summed differences (SPIDs), estimating overall relief;...
Objective To find a dose of fluconazole for very low birth weight infants during an outbreak Candida parapsilosis. Methods Twelve premature (mean gestational age, 27.4 weeks; mean weight, 912 gm) receiving prophylactically from the first day life were enrolled in open phase I-II pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerance trial. Up to 5 doses 6 mg/kg administered intravenously every 72 hours 2 weeks life. Pharmacokinetic characteristics determined after first, third, fifth doses. Results The...
To examine the efficacy of rizatriptan and consistency treatment response in migraine attacks children adolescents.We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled three-way crossover trial patients ages 6 to 17 years diagnosed with two pediatric hospital outpatient clinics. Two doses matching placebo were administered at home during three attacks. Rizatriptan dose was 5 mg for those body weight 20 39 kg, 10 40 kg or more. The primary endpoint headache relief by grades on five-grade face...
Summary: Purpose: We report a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled crossover study of lamotrigine (LTG) as add‐on treatment in therapy‐resistant, generalized epilepsy children and adolescents (n = 30). Methods: Twenty patients had Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome. Each patient acted his or her own control. LTG placebo were randomly added to existing antiepileptic medication (AEDs). The dosage was individualized an open phase preceding the placebo/treatment phase. Patients who responded went on...
A Candida parapsilosis outbreak of 58 cases in a neonatal intensive care unit lasted for 55 months. Patients infected by or colonized with C. were mainly very low birth weight infants (birth < 1500 g). Their mean was 817 g and their gestational age 28 weeks. Statistical analysis including logistic regression confirmed that prematurity the main risk factor. The also suggested infection (or colonization) associated poor prognosis. In 29 weeks death parapsilosis-infected patients 16-fold...
Abstract This study is the first report of saxitoxin in cyanobacterial blooms Finland. Bloom samples ( n = 50) were collected from Finnish freshwater sites during summer months 2002 and 2003. These screened for presence paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) using Jellett rapid PSP screening test. Samples testing positive PSTs 7) further analyzed with saxiphilin‐ voltage‐gated sodium channel [ 3 H]‐STX–binding radioreceptor assays liquid chromatography fluorescence mass spectrometric analysis....
Objective To evaluate whether variations in the ABCB1, ABCC2, SLCO1B1, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, or NR1I2 genes are associated with pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine pediatric renal transplant candidates, and effects these variants related to age. Methods A total 104 patients (aged 0.36–16.3 years) were genotyped for 17 putatively functionally significant sequence genes. The had undergone a pharmacokinetic study intravenous oral ciclosporine (INN, cyclosporin) before transplantation. Results In whole...
Summary: Purpose : We wished to determine the oral pharmacokinetics of lamotrigine LTG and assess possible interactions with other AEDs in an unselected population children. Concentration data plasma CSF for as well are presented. Methods Thirty‐one children, children young adults aged > 2 years intractable generalized epilepsy despite adequate duration dose at least three conventional were studied. Results There was a linear relation between administered maximal concentration, indicating...
What is already known about this subject • Ciclosporin an immunosuppressant drug with a narrow therapeutic index and large variability in pharmacokinetics. It likely that the inter‐ intraindividual ciclosporin pharmacokinetics dose requirements even larger children than adults as result of variation biological maturation status. However, data on developmental ciclosporin, well other CYP3A4 substrate drugs, are scarce. study adds Adult activity seems to be reached by age 6–12 months,...
ABSTRACT. Hoppu, K. and Santavuori, P. (Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Central Helsinki, Finland). Diazepam rectal solution for home treatment of acute seizures in children. Acta Paediatr Scand, 70:369, 1981.–To gain clinical experience treating convulsions children with diazepam solution, 17 epileptic prolonged were treated at home. The drug was used 65 times. On 2/3 all occasions the seizure interrupted less than 15 min. A starting dose 0.5 mg/kg is recommended, a maximum 20 mg...