A5002508142- Pharmaceutical studies and practices
- Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Poisoning and overdose treatments
- Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
- Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Gastroesophageal reflux and treatments
- Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation
- Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Intramuscular injections and effects
- Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy
- Patient Safety and Medication Errors
- Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy
- Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
- Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
University of Louisville
2016-2025
Kosair Children's Hospital
2015-2024
Norton Hospital
2018-2024
Kosair Charities
2008-2020
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
2016
University of Louisville Hospital
2008-2015
Pediatrics and Genetics
2015
Vanderbilt University
2012
Riley Hospital for Children
2012
Indiana University
2012
A guideline that both evaluates current practice and provides recommendations to address sedation, pain, delirium management with regard for neuromuscular blockade withdrawal is not currently available.To develop comprehensive clinical guidelines critically ill infants children, specific attention seven domains of care including sedation/agitation, iatrogenic withdrawal, blockade, delirium, PICU environment, early mobility.The Society Critical Care Medicine Pediatric Pain, Agitation,...
ABSTRACT Fluconazole is being increasingly used to prevent and treat invasive candidiasis in neonates, yet dosing largely empirical due the lack of adequate pharmacokinetic (PK) data. We performed a multicenter population PK study fluconazole 23- 40-week-gestation infants less than 120 days age. developed model using nonlinear mixed effect modeling (NONMEM) with NONMEM algorithm. Covariate effects were predefined evaluated based on estimation precision clinical significance. studied 55 who...
Codeine has been prescribed to pediatric patients for many decades as both an analgesic and antitussive agent. is a prodrug with little inherent pharmacologic activity must be metabolized in the liver into morphine, which responsible codeine's effects. However, there substantial genetic variability of hepatic enzyme, CYP2D6, and, consequence, individual patient response codeine varies from no effect high sensitivity. Drug surveillance documented occurrence unanticipated respiratory...
Bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) resulting in late-onset sepsis affect up to half of extremely preterm infants and have substantial morbidity mortality. species associated with BSIs neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) commonly colonize the infant gut microbiome. Accordingly, we hypothesized that microbiome is a reservoir BSI-causing pathogenic strains increase abundance before BSI onset. We analyzed 550 previously published fecal metagenomes from 115 hospitalized neonates found...
Aberrant preterm infant gut microbiota assembly predisposes to early-life disorders and persistent health problems. Here, we characterize microbiome dynamics over the first 3 months of life in 236 infants hospitalized three neonatal intensive care units using shotgun metagenomics 2,512 stools metatranscriptomics 1,381 stools. Strain tracking, taxonomic functional profiling, comprehensive clinical metadata identify Enterobacteriaceae, enterococci, staphylococci as primarily exploiting...
Abstract Background An increasing number of pediatric patients suffer from thrombotic events necessitating anticoagulation therapy including heparins. Some such develop heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and thus require alternative anticoagulation. As such, studies evaluating the safety, efficacy, dosing anticoagulants are required. Procedure In this multicenter, single arm, open‐label study, 18 ≤16 years old received argatroban for either a suspicion or being at risk HIT, other...
Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies in preterm infants are rarely conducted due to the research challenges posed by this population. To overcome these challenges, minimal-risk methods such as scavenged sampling can be used evaluate PK of commonly drugs We evaluated population metronidazole using targeted sparse and samples from that were ≤ 32 weeks gestational age at birth <120 postnatal days. A 5-center study was performed. model nonlinear mixed-effect modeling (NONMEM) developed. Covariate...
Long-chain acylcarnitines have been postulated to be sensitive biomarkers of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity in mouse models. In the following study, relationship with other known indicators APAP toxicity was examined children receiving low-dose (therapeutic) and high-dose ('overdose' or toxic ingestion) exposure APAP.The study included three subject groups: group A (therapeutic dose, n = 187); B (healthy controls, 23); C (overdose, 62). Demographic, clinical laboratory data were...
Although ampicillin is the most commonly used drug in neonates, developmental pharmacokinetic (PK) data to guide dosing are lacking. Ampicillin primarily renally eliminated, and changes expected influence PK. We conducted an open-label, multicenter, opportunistic, prospective PK study of neonates stratified by gestational age (GA) (≤ 34 or >34 weeks) postnatal (PNA) 7 >7 days). Drug concentrations were measured tandem mass spectrometry. analyzed using population nonlinear mixed-effects...
Background. Intra-abdominal infections are common in young infants and lead to significant morbidity mortality. Meropenem is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial with excellent activity against pathogens associated intra-abdominal infections. The purpose of this study was determine the safety effectiveness meropenem suspected or complicated
Piperacillin is often used in preterm infants for intra-abdominal infections; however, dosing has been derived from small single-center studies excluding extremely at a highest risk these infections. We evaluated the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of piperacillin using targeted sparse sampling and scavenged samples obtained ≤ 32 weeks gestational age birth <120 postnatal days.A 5-center study was performed. A PK model nonlinear mixed effect modeling developed. Covariate effects were based...
This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and tolerability of a single dose ceftazidime-avibactam in pediatric patients. A phase I, multicenter, open-label PK was conducted patients hospitalized with an infection receiving systemic antibiotic therapy. Patients were enrolled into four age cohorts (cohort 1, ≥12 <18 years; cohort 2, ≥6 <12 3, ≥2 <6 4, ≥3 months <2 years). received 2-h intravenous infusion 2,000 500 mg; mg [≥40 kg] or 50 12.5 mg/kg [<40 kg]; 3 mg/kg)....
Several cytokines have been reported to hepatoprotective properties in animal models of acetaminophen toxicity. To investigate the relationships and toxicity overdose, blood samples were collected from patients following acute ingestions acetaminophen. Samples for cytokine analysis at time routine clinical monitoring 111 (90 females; mean age 13.6 years). Plasma concentrations interleukin 6, 8, 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients...
This 4-week randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study (N=240), 1-year open label trial (N=233), and single-dose pharmacokinetic (N=22) evaluated candesartan cilexetil (3 doses) in hypertensive children aged 6 to 17 years. Seventy-one percent were 12 years of age or older, 71% male, 47% black. Systolic (SBP)/diastolic (DBP) blood pressure declined 8.6/4.8-11.2/8.0 mm Hg with 3.7/1.8 placebo (P<.01 compared for SBP the mid high doses DBP; placebo-corrected 4.9/3.0-7.5/6.2 Hg). The...
Dalbavancin is a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic with Gram-positive activity and novel pharmacokinetic (PK) properties that result in prolonged terminal half-life of 15.5 days adults. Once weekly dosing adults phase 3 studies complicated skin structure infections documented dalbavancin exposures associated clinical microbiologic efficacy. PK have not been examined children. The primary objective this open-label, multicenter single-dose 1 study was to characterize the hospitalized pediatric...
Medication overdoses are a common, but preventable, problem among children. Volumetric dosing errors and the use of incorrect delivery devices 2 common sources these preventable for orally administered liquid medications. To reduce increase precision drug administration, milliliter-based should be used exclusively when prescribing administering Teaspoon- tablespoon-based not used. Devices that allow precise dose administration (preferably syringes with metric markings) instead household...
The objectives of this study were to investigate the correlation between thromboelastography (TEG) and conventional measures anticoagulation, determine optimum values for citrated kaolin TEG R time (TEG RCK) anti-Xa activity that would minimize both bleeding thrombotic complications in pediatric neonatal patients requiring extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO). A retrospective chart review veno-venous (VV) venoarterial (VA) ECMO was performed. Combined medical cardiac ICU within a...
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social communication differences and restricted interests. One proposed biologic mechanism underlying ASD oxidative stress, leading to the clinical use of glutathione based on anecdotal reports improved behavior in autistic children. In this pilot study, we tested observation using randomized trial format collect preliminary data safety efficacy. Glutathione combination with vitamin C N-acetylcysteine...
Journal Article Preparation and Gas Chromatography of Highly Volatile Trifluoroacetylated Carbohydrates Using N-Methyl bis[Trifluoroacetamide] Get access James E. Sullivan, Sullivan Applications Laboratory, Pierce Chemical Co., P.O. Box 117, Rockford, Illinois 61105 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Larry R. Schewe Chromatographic Science, Volume 15, Issue 6, June 1977, Pages 196–197, https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/15.6.196 Published: 01 1977...